tor-browser

ethread.c (132349B)

---

/*
* Copyright (c) 2016, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved.
*
* This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
* the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
* was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
* obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
* Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
* PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
*/

#include <assert.h>
#include <stdbool.h>

#include "aom_util/aom_pthread.h"

#include "av1/common/warped_motion.h"
#include "av1/common/thread_common.h"

#include "av1/encoder/allintra_vis.h"
#include "av1/encoder/bitstream.h"
#include "av1/encoder/enc_enums.h"
#include "av1/encoder/encodeframe.h"
#include "av1/encoder/encodeframe_utils.h"
#include "av1/encoder/encoder.h"
#include "av1/encoder/encoder_alloc.h"
#include "av1/encoder/ethread.h"
#if !CONFIG_REALTIME_ONLY
#include "av1/encoder/firstpass.h"
#endif
#include "av1/encoder/global_motion.h"
#include "av1/encoder/global_motion_facade.h"
#include "av1/encoder/intra_mode_search_utils.h"
#include "av1/encoder/picklpf.h"
#include "av1/encoder/rdopt.h"
#include "aom_dsp/aom_dsp_common.h"
#include "av1/encoder/temporal_filter.h"
#include "av1/encoder/tpl_model.h"

static inline void accumulate_rd_opt(ThreadData *td, ThreadData *td_t) {
 td->rd_counts.compound_ref_used_flag |=
     td_t->rd_counts.compound_ref_used_flag;
 td->rd_counts.skip_mode_used_flag |= td_t->rd_counts.skip_mode_used_flag;

 for (int i = 0; i < TX_SIZES_ALL; i++) {
   for (int j = 0; j < TX_TYPES; j++)
     td->rd_counts.tx_type_used[i][j] += td_t->rd_counts.tx_type_used[i][j];
 }

 for (int i = 0; i < BLOCK_SIZES_ALL; i++) {
   for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
     td->rd_counts.obmc_used[i][j] += td_t->rd_counts.obmc_used[i][j];
   }
 }

 for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
   td->rd_counts.warped_used[i] += td_t->rd_counts.warped_used[i];
 }

 td->rd_counts.seg_tmp_pred_cost[0] += td_t->rd_counts.seg_tmp_pred_cost[0];
 td->rd_counts.seg_tmp_pred_cost[1] += td_t->rd_counts.seg_tmp_pred_cost[1];

 td->rd_counts.newmv_or_intra_blocks += td_t->rd_counts.newmv_or_intra_blocks;
}

static inline void update_delta_lf_for_row_mt(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 AV1_COMMON *cm = &cpi->common;
 MACROBLOCKD *xd = &cpi->td.mb.e_mbd;
 const int mib_size = cm->seq_params->mib_size;
 const int frame_lf_count =
     av1_num_planes(cm) > 1 ? FRAME_LF_COUNT : FRAME_LF_COUNT - 2;
 for (int row = 0; row < cm->tiles.rows; row++) {
   for (int col = 0; col < cm->tiles.cols; col++) {
     TileDataEnc *tile_data = &cpi->tile_data[row * cm->tiles.cols + col];
     const TileInfo *const tile_info = &tile_data->tile_info;
     for (int mi_row = tile_info->mi_row_start; mi_row < tile_info->mi_row_end;
          mi_row += mib_size) {
       if (mi_row == tile_info->mi_row_start)
         av1_reset_loop_filter_delta(xd, av1_num_planes(cm));
       for (int mi_col = tile_info->mi_col_start;
            mi_col < tile_info->mi_col_end; mi_col += mib_size) {
         const int idx_str = cm->mi_params.mi_stride * mi_row + mi_col;
         MB_MODE_INFO **mi = cm->mi_params.mi_grid_base + idx_str;
         MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi = mi[0];
         if (mbmi->skip_txfm == 1 &&
             (mbmi->bsize == cm->seq_params->sb_size)) {
           for (int lf_id = 0; lf_id < frame_lf_count; ++lf_id)
             mbmi->delta_lf[lf_id] = xd->delta_lf[lf_id];
           mbmi->delta_lf_from_base = xd->delta_lf_from_base;
         } else {
           if (cm->delta_q_info.delta_lf_multi) {
             for (int lf_id = 0; lf_id < frame_lf_count; ++lf_id)
               xd->delta_lf[lf_id] = mbmi->delta_lf[lf_id];
           } else {
             xd->delta_lf_from_base = mbmi->delta_lf_from_base;
           }
         }
       }
     }
   }
 }
}

void av1_row_mt_sync_read_dummy(AV1EncRowMultiThreadSync *row_mt_sync, int r,
                               int c) {
 (void)row_mt_sync;
 (void)r;
 (void)c;
}

void av1_row_mt_sync_write_dummy(AV1EncRowMultiThreadSync *row_mt_sync, int r,
                                int c, int cols) {
 (void)row_mt_sync;
 (void)r;
 (void)c;
 (void)cols;
}

void av1_row_mt_sync_read(AV1EncRowMultiThreadSync *row_mt_sync, int r, int c) {
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 const int nsync = row_mt_sync->sync_range;

 if (r) {
   pthread_mutex_t *const mutex = &row_mt_sync->mutex_[r - 1];
   pthread_mutex_lock(mutex);

   while (c > row_mt_sync->num_finished_cols[r - 1] - nsync -
                  row_mt_sync->intrabc_extra_top_right_sb_delay) {
     pthread_cond_wait(&row_mt_sync->cond_[r - 1], mutex);
   }
   pthread_mutex_unlock(mutex);
 }
#else
 (void)row_mt_sync;
 (void)r;
 (void)c;
#endif  // CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
}

void av1_row_mt_sync_write(AV1EncRowMultiThreadSync *row_mt_sync, int r, int c,
                          int cols) {
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 const int nsync = row_mt_sync->sync_range;
 int cur;
 // Only signal when there are enough encoded blocks for next row to run.
 int sig = 1;

 if (c < cols - 1) {
   cur = c;
   if (c % nsync) sig = 0;
 } else {
   cur = cols + nsync + row_mt_sync->intrabc_extra_top_right_sb_delay;
 }

 if (sig) {
   pthread_mutex_lock(&row_mt_sync->mutex_[r]);

   // When a thread encounters an error, num_finished_cols[r] is set to maximum
   // column number. In this case, the AOMMAX operation here ensures that
   // num_finished_cols[r] is not overwritten with a smaller value thus
   // preventing the infinite waiting of threads in the relevant sync_read()
   // function.
   row_mt_sync->num_finished_cols[r] =
       AOMMAX(row_mt_sync->num_finished_cols[r], cur);

   pthread_cond_signal(&row_mt_sync->cond_[r]);
   pthread_mutex_unlock(&row_mt_sync->mutex_[r]);
 }
#else
 (void)row_mt_sync;
 (void)r;
 (void)c;
 (void)cols;
#endif  // CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
}

// Allocate memory for row synchronization
static void row_mt_sync_mem_alloc(AV1EncRowMultiThreadSync *row_mt_sync,
                                 AV1_COMMON *cm, int rows) {
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 int i;

 CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, row_mt_sync->mutex_,
                 aom_malloc(sizeof(*row_mt_sync->mutex_) * rows));
 if (row_mt_sync->mutex_) {
   for (i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
     pthread_mutex_init(&row_mt_sync->mutex_[i], NULL);
   }
 }

 CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, row_mt_sync->cond_,
                 aom_malloc(sizeof(*row_mt_sync->cond_) * rows));
 if (row_mt_sync->cond_) {
   for (i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
     pthread_cond_init(&row_mt_sync->cond_[i], NULL);
   }
 }
#endif  // CONFIG_MULTITHREAD

 CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, row_mt_sync->num_finished_cols,
                 aom_malloc(sizeof(*row_mt_sync->num_finished_cols) * rows));

 row_mt_sync->rows = rows;
 // Set up nsync.
 row_mt_sync->sync_range = 1;
}

// Deallocate row based multi-threading synchronization related mutex and data
void av1_row_mt_sync_mem_dealloc(AV1EncRowMultiThreadSync *row_mt_sync) {
 if (row_mt_sync != NULL) {
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   int i;

   if (row_mt_sync->mutex_ != NULL) {
     for (i = 0; i < row_mt_sync->rows; ++i) {
       pthread_mutex_destroy(&row_mt_sync->mutex_[i]);
     }
     aom_free(row_mt_sync->mutex_);
   }
   if (row_mt_sync->cond_ != NULL) {
     for (i = 0; i < row_mt_sync->rows; ++i) {
       pthread_cond_destroy(&row_mt_sync->cond_[i]);
     }
     aom_free(row_mt_sync->cond_);
   }
#endif  // CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   aom_free(row_mt_sync->num_finished_cols);

   // clear the structure as the source of this call may be dynamic change
   // in tiles in which case this call will be followed by an _alloc()
   // which may fail.
   av1_zero(*row_mt_sync);
 }
}

static inline int get_sb_rows_in_frame(AV1_COMMON *cm) {
 return CEIL_POWER_OF_TWO(cm->mi_params.mi_rows,
                          cm->seq_params->mib_size_log2);
}

static void row_mt_mem_alloc(AV1_COMP *cpi, int max_rows, int max_cols,
                            int alloc_row_ctx) {
 struct AV1Common *cm = &cpi->common;
 AV1EncRowMultiThreadInfo *const enc_row_mt = &cpi->mt_info.enc_row_mt;
 const int tile_cols = cm->tiles.cols;
 const int tile_rows = cm->tiles.rows;
 int tile_col, tile_row;

 av1_row_mt_mem_dealloc(cpi);

 // Allocate memory for row based multi-threading
 for (tile_row = 0; tile_row < tile_rows; tile_row++) {
   for (tile_col = 0; tile_col < tile_cols; tile_col++) {
     int tile_index = tile_row * tile_cols + tile_col;
     TileDataEnc *const this_tile = &cpi->tile_data[tile_index];

     row_mt_sync_mem_alloc(&this_tile->row_mt_sync, cm, max_rows);

     if (alloc_row_ctx) {
       assert(max_cols > 0);
       const int num_row_ctx = AOMMAX(1, (max_cols - 1));
       CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, this_tile->row_ctx,
                       (FRAME_CONTEXT *)aom_memalign(
                           16, num_row_ctx * sizeof(*this_tile->row_ctx)));
     }
   }
 }
 const int sb_rows = get_sb_rows_in_frame(cm);
 CHECK_MEM_ERROR(
     cm, enc_row_mt->num_tile_cols_done,
     aom_malloc(sizeof(*enc_row_mt->num_tile_cols_done) * sb_rows));

 enc_row_mt->allocated_rows = max_rows;
 enc_row_mt->allocated_cols = max_cols - 1;
 enc_row_mt->allocated_sb_rows = sb_rows;
}

void av1_row_mt_mem_dealloc(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 AV1EncRowMultiThreadInfo *const enc_row_mt = &cpi->mt_info.enc_row_mt;
 const int tile_cols = enc_row_mt->allocated_tile_cols;
 const int tile_rows = enc_row_mt->allocated_tile_rows;
 int tile_col, tile_row;

 // Free row based multi-threading sync memory
 for (tile_row = 0; tile_row < tile_rows; tile_row++) {
   for (tile_col = 0; tile_col < tile_cols; tile_col++) {
     int tile_index = tile_row * tile_cols + tile_col;
     TileDataEnc *const this_tile = &cpi->tile_data[tile_index];

     av1_row_mt_sync_mem_dealloc(&this_tile->row_mt_sync);

     if (cpi->oxcf.algo_cfg.cdf_update_mode) {
       aom_free(this_tile->row_ctx);
       this_tile->row_ctx = NULL;
     }
   }
 }
 aom_free(enc_row_mt->num_tile_cols_done);
 enc_row_mt->num_tile_cols_done = NULL;
 enc_row_mt->allocated_rows = 0;
 enc_row_mt->allocated_cols = 0;
 enc_row_mt->allocated_sb_rows = 0;
}

static inline void assign_tile_to_thread(int *thread_id_to_tile_id,
                                        int num_tiles, int num_workers) {
 int tile_id = 0;
 int i;

 for (i = 0; i < num_workers; i++) {
   thread_id_to_tile_id[i] = tile_id++;
   if (tile_id == num_tiles) tile_id = 0;
 }
}

static inline int get_next_job(TileDataEnc *const tile_data,
                              int *current_mi_row, int mib_size) {
 AV1EncRowMultiThreadSync *const row_mt_sync = &tile_data->row_mt_sync;
 const int mi_row_end = tile_data->tile_info.mi_row_end;

 if (row_mt_sync->next_mi_row < mi_row_end) {
   *current_mi_row = row_mt_sync->next_mi_row;
   row_mt_sync->num_threads_working++;
   row_mt_sync->next_mi_row += mib_size;
   return 1;
 }
 return 0;
}

static inline void switch_tile_and_get_next_job(
   AV1_COMMON *const cm, TileDataEnc *const tile_data, int *cur_tile_id,
   int *current_mi_row, int *end_of_frame, int is_firstpass,
   const BLOCK_SIZE fp_block_size) {
 const int tile_cols = cm->tiles.cols;
 const int tile_rows = cm->tiles.rows;

 int tile_id = -1;  // Stores the tile ID with minimum proc done
 int max_mis_to_encode = 0;
 int min_num_threads_working = INT_MAX;

 for (int tile_row = 0; tile_row < tile_rows; tile_row++) {
   for (int tile_col = 0; tile_col < tile_cols; tile_col++) {
     int tile_index = tile_row * tile_cols + tile_col;
     TileDataEnc *const this_tile = &tile_data[tile_index];
     AV1EncRowMultiThreadSync *const row_mt_sync = &this_tile->row_mt_sync;

#if CONFIG_REALTIME_ONLY
     int num_b_rows_in_tile =
         av1_get_sb_rows_in_tile(cm, &this_tile->tile_info);
     int num_b_cols_in_tile =
         av1_get_sb_cols_in_tile(cm, &this_tile->tile_info);
#else
     int num_b_rows_in_tile =
         is_firstpass
             ? av1_get_unit_rows_in_tile(&this_tile->tile_info, fp_block_size)
             : av1_get_sb_rows_in_tile(cm, &this_tile->tile_info);
     int num_b_cols_in_tile =
         is_firstpass
             ? av1_get_unit_cols_in_tile(&this_tile->tile_info, fp_block_size)
             : av1_get_sb_cols_in_tile(cm, &this_tile->tile_info);
#endif
     int theoretical_limit_on_threads =
         AOMMIN((num_b_cols_in_tile + 1) >> 1, num_b_rows_in_tile);
     int num_threads_working = row_mt_sync->num_threads_working;

     if (num_threads_working < theoretical_limit_on_threads) {
       int num_mis_to_encode =
           this_tile->tile_info.mi_row_end - row_mt_sync->next_mi_row;

       // Tile to be processed by this thread is selected on the basis of
       // availability of jobs:
       // 1) If jobs are available, tile to be processed is chosen on the
       // basis of minimum number of threads working for that tile. If two or
       // more tiles have same number of threads working for them, then the
       // tile with maximum number of jobs available will be chosen.
       // 2) If no jobs are available, then end_of_frame is reached.
       if (num_mis_to_encode > 0) {
         if (num_threads_working < min_num_threads_working) {
           min_num_threads_working = num_threads_working;
           max_mis_to_encode = 0;
         }
         if (num_threads_working == min_num_threads_working &&
             num_mis_to_encode > max_mis_to_encode) {
           tile_id = tile_index;
           max_mis_to_encode = num_mis_to_encode;
         }
       }
     }
   }
 }
 if (tile_id == -1) {
   *end_of_frame = 1;
 } else {
   // Update the current tile id to the tile id that will be processed next,
   // which will be the least processed tile.
   *cur_tile_id = tile_id;
   const int unit_height = mi_size_high[fp_block_size];
   get_next_job(&tile_data[tile_id], current_mi_row,
                is_firstpass ? unit_height : cm->seq_params->mib_size);
 }
}

#if !CONFIG_REALTIME_ONLY
static void set_firstpass_encode_done(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
 AV1EncRowMultiThreadInfo *const enc_row_mt = &cpi->mt_info.enc_row_mt;
 const int tile_cols = cm->tiles.cols;
 const int tile_rows = cm->tiles.rows;
 const BLOCK_SIZE fp_block_size = cpi->fp_block_size;
 const int unit_height = mi_size_high[fp_block_size];

 // In case of multithreading of firstpass encode, due to top-right
 // dependency, the worker on a firstpass row waits for the completion of the
 // firstpass processing of the top and top-right fp_blocks. Hence, in case a
 // thread (main/worker) encounters an error, update the firstpass processing
 // of every row in the frame to indicate that it is complete in order to avoid
 // dependent workers waiting indefinitely.
 for (int tile_row = 0; tile_row < tile_rows; ++tile_row) {
   for (int tile_col = 0; tile_col < tile_cols; ++tile_col) {
     TileDataEnc *const tile_data =
         &cpi->tile_data[tile_row * tile_cols + tile_col];
     TileInfo *tile = &tile_data->tile_info;
     AV1EncRowMultiThreadSync *const row_mt_sync = &tile_data->row_mt_sync;
     const int unit_cols_in_tile =
         av1_get_unit_cols_in_tile(tile, fp_block_size);
     for (int mi_row = tile->mi_row_start, unit_row_in_tile = 0;
          mi_row < tile->mi_row_end;
          mi_row += unit_height, unit_row_in_tile++) {
       enc_row_mt->sync_write_ptr(row_mt_sync, unit_row_in_tile,
                                  unit_cols_in_tile - 1, unit_cols_in_tile);
     }
   }
 }
}

static int fp_enc_row_mt_worker_hook(void *arg1, void *unused) {
 EncWorkerData *const thread_data = (EncWorkerData *)arg1;
 AV1_COMP *const cpi = thread_data->cpi;
 int thread_id = thread_data->thread_id;
 AV1EncRowMultiThreadInfo *const enc_row_mt = &cpi->mt_info.enc_row_mt;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 pthread_mutex_t *enc_row_mt_mutex_ = enc_row_mt->mutex_;
#endif
 (void)unused;
 struct aom_internal_error_info *const error_info = &thread_data->error_info;
 MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &thread_data->td->mb.e_mbd;
 xd->error_info = error_info;

 // The jmp_buf is valid only for the duration of the function that calls
 // setjmp(). Therefore, this function must reset the 'setjmp' field to 0
 // before it returns.
 if (setjmp(error_info->jmp)) {
   error_info->setjmp = 0;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_lock(enc_row_mt_mutex_);
   enc_row_mt->firstpass_mt_exit = true;
   pthread_mutex_unlock(enc_row_mt_mutex_);
#endif
   set_firstpass_encode_done(cpi);
   return 0;
 }
 error_info->setjmp = 1;

 AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
 int cur_tile_id = enc_row_mt->thread_id_to_tile_id[thread_id];
 assert(cur_tile_id != -1);

 const BLOCK_SIZE fp_block_size = cpi->fp_block_size;
 const int unit_height = mi_size_high[fp_block_size];
 int end_of_frame = 0;
 while (1) {
   int current_mi_row = -1;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_lock(enc_row_mt_mutex_);
#endif
   bool firstpass_mt_exit = enc_row_mt->firstpass_mt_exit;
   if (!firstpass_mt_exit && !get_next_job(&cpi->tile_data[cur_tile_id],
                                           &current_mi_row, unit_height)) {
     // No jobs are available for the current tile. Query for the status of
     // other tiles and get the next job if available
     switch_tile_and_get_next_job(cm, cpi->tile_data, &cur_tile_id,
                                  &current_mi_row, &end_of_frame, 1,
                                  fp_block_size);
   }
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_unlock(enc_row_mt_mutex_);
#endif
   // When firstpass_mt_exit is set to true, other workers need not pursue any
   // further jobs.
   if (firstpass_mt_exit || end_of_frame) break;

   TileDataEnc *const this_tile = &cpi->tile_data[cur_tile_id];
   AV1EncRowMultiThreadSync *const row_mt_sync = &this_tile->row_mt_sync;
   ThreadData *td = thread_data->td;

   assert(current_mi_row != -1 &&
          current_mi_row < this_tile->tile_info.mi_row_end);

   const int unit_height_log2 = mi_size_high_log2[fp_block_size];
   av1_first_pass_row(cpi, td, this_tile, current_mi_row >> unit_height_log2,
                      fp_block_size);
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_lock(enc_row_mt_mutex_);
#endif
   row_mt_sync->num_threads_working--;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_unlock(enc_row_mt_mutex_);
#endif
 }
 error_info->setjmp = 0;
 return 1;
}
#endif

static void launch_loop_filter_rows(AV1_COMMON *cm, EncWorkerData *thread_data,
                                   AV1EncRowMultiThreadInfo *enc_row_mt,
                                   int mib_size_log2) {
 AV1LfSync *const lf_sync = (AV1LfSync *)thread_data->lf_sync;
 const int sb_rows = get_sb_rows_in_frame(cm);
 AV1LfMTInfo *cur_job_info;
 bool row_mt_exit = false;
 (void)enc_row_mt;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 pthread_mutex_t *enc_row_mt_mutex_ = enc_row_mt->mutex_;
#endif

 while ((cur_job_info = get_lf_job_info(lf_sync)) != NULL) {
   LFWorkerData *const lf_data = (LFWorkerData *)thread_data->lf_data;
   const int lpf_opt_level = cur_job_info->lpf_opt_level;
   (void)sb_rows;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   const int cur_sb_row = cur_job_info->mi_row >> mib_size_log2;
   const int next_sb_row = AOMMIN(sb_rows - 1, cur_sb_row + 1);
   // Wait for current and next superblock row to finish encoding.
   pthread_mutex_lock(enc_row_mt_mutex_);
   while (!enc_row_mt->row_mt_exit &&
          (enc_row_mt->num_tile_cols_done[cur_sb_row] < cm->tiles.cols ||
           enc_row_mt->num_tile_cols_done[next_sb_row] < cm->tiles.cols)) {
     pthread_cond_wait(enc_row_mt->cond_, enc_row_mt_mutex_);
   }
   row_mt_exit = enc_row_mt->row_mt_exit;
   pthread_mutex_unlock(enc_row_mt_mutex_);
#endif
   if (row_mt_exit) return;

   av1_thread_loop_filter_rows(
       lf_data->frame_buffer, lf_data->cm, lf_data->planes, lf_data->xd,
       cur_job_info->mi_row, cur_job_info->plane, cur_job_info->dir,
       lpf_opt_level, lf_sync, &thread_data->error_info, lf_data->params_buf,
       lf_data->tx_buf, mib_size_log2);
 }
}

static void set_encoding_done(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
 const int tile_cols = cm->tiles.cols;
 const int tile_rows = cm->tiles.rows;
 AV1EncRowMultiThreadInfo *const enc_row_mt = &cpi->mt_info.enc_row_mt;
 const int mib_size = cm->seq_params->mib_size;

 // In case of row-multithreading, due to top-right dependency, the worker on
 // an SB row waits for the completion of the encode of the top and top-right
 // SBs. Hence, in case a thread (main/worker) encounters an error, update that
 // encoding of every SB row in the frame is complete in order to avoid the
 // dependent workers of every tile from waiting indefinitely.
 for (int tile_row = 0; tile_row < tile_rows; tile_row++) {
   for (int tile_col = 0; tile_col < tile_cols; tile_col++) {
     TileDataEnc *const this_tile =
         &cpi->tile_data[tile_row * tile_cols + tile_col];
     const TileInfo *const tile_info = &this_tile->tile_info;
     AV1EncRowMultiThreadSync *const row_mt_sync = &this_tile->row_mt_sync;
     const int sb_cols_in_tile = av1_get_sb_cols_in_tile(cm, tile_info);
     for (int mi_row = tile_info->mi_row_start, sb_row_in_tile = 0;
          mi_row < tile_info->mi_row_end;
          mi_row += mib_size, sb_row_in_tile++) {
       enc_row_mt->sync_write_ptr(row_mt_sync, sb_row_in_tile,
                                  sb_cols_in_tile - 1, sb_cols_in_tile);
     }
   }
 }
}

static bool lpf_mt_with_enc_enabled(int pipeline_lpf_mt_with_enc,
                                   const int filter_level[2]) {
 return pipeline_lpf_mt_with_enc && (filter_level[0] || filter_level[1]);
}

static int enc_row_mt_worker_hook(void *arg1, void *unused) {
 EncWorkerData *const thread_data = (EncWorkerData *)arg1;
 AV1_COMP *const cpi = thread_data->cpi;
 int thread_id = thread_data->thread_id;
 AV1EncRowMultiThreadInfo *const enc_row_mt = &cpi->mt_info.enc_row_mt;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 pthread_mutex_t *enc_row_mt_mutex_ = enc_row_mt->mutex_;
#endif
 (void)unused;

 struct aom_internal_error_info *const error_info = &thread_data->error_info;
 AV1LfSync *const lf_sync = thread_data->lf_sync;
 MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &thread_data->td->mb.e_mbd;
 xd->error_info = error_info;
 AV1_COMMON *volatile const cm = &cpi->common;
 volatile const bool do_pipelined_lpf_mt_with_enc = lpf_mt_with_enc_enabled(
     cpi->mt_info.pipeline_lpf_mt_with_enc, cm->lf.filter_level);

 // The jmp_buf is valid only for the duration of the function that calls
 // setjmp(). Therefore, this function must reset the 'setjmp' field to 0
 // before it returns.
 if (setjmp(error_info->jmp)) {
   error_info->setjmp = 0;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_lock(enc_row_mt_mutex_);
   enc_row_mt->row_mt_exit = true;
   // Wake up all the workers waiting in launch_loop_filter_rows() to exit in
   // case of an error.
   pthread_cond_broadcast(enc_row_mt->cond_);
   pthread_mutex_unlock(enc_row_mt_mutex_);
#endif
   set_encoding_done(cpi);

   if (do_pipelined_lpf_mt_with_enc) {
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
     pthread_mutex_lock(lf_sync->job_mutex);
     lf_sync->lf_mt_exit = true;
     pthread_mutex_unlock(lf_sync->job_mutex);
#endif
     av1_set_vert_loop_filter_done(&cpi->common, lf_sync,
                                   cpi->common.seq_params->mib_size_log2);
   }
   return 0;
 }
 error_info->setjmp = 1;

 const int mib_size_log2 = cm->seq_params->mib_size_log2;
 int cur_tile_id = enc_row_mt->thread_id_to_tile_id[thread_id];

 // Preallocate the pc_tree for realtime coding to reduce the cost of memory
 // allocation.
 if (cpi->sf.rt_sf.use_nonrd_pick_mode) {
   thread_data->td->pc_root = av1_alloc_pc_tree_node(cm->seq_params->sb_size);
   if (!thread_data->td->pc_root)
     aom_internal_error(xd->error_info, AOM_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                        "Failed to allocate PC_TREE");
 } else {
   thread_data->td->pc_root = NULL;
 }

 assert(cur_tile_id != -1);

 const BLOCK_SIZE fp_block_size = cpi->fp_block_size;
 int end_of_frame = 0;
 bool row_mt_exit = false;

 // When master thread does not have a valid job to process, xd->tile_ctx
 // is not set and it contains NULL pointer. This can result in NULL pointer
 // access violation if accessed beyond the encode stage. Hence, updating
 // thread_data->td->mb.e_mbd.tile_ctx is initialized with common frame
 // context to avoid NULL pointer access in subsequent stages.
 thread_data->td->mb.e_mbd.tile_ctx = cm->fc;
 while (1) {
   int current_mi_row = -1;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_lock(enc_row_mt_mutex_);
#endif
   row_mt_exit = enc_row_mt->row_mt_exit;
   // row_mt_exit check here can be avoided as it is checked after
   // sync_read_ptr() in encode_sb_row(). However, checking row_mt_exit here,
   // tries to return before calling the function get_next_job().
   if (!row_mt_exit &&
       !get_next_job(&cpi->tile_data[cur_tile_id], &current_mi_row,
                     cm->seq_params->mib_size)) {
     // No jobs are available for the current tile. Query for the status of
     // other tiles and get the next job if available
     switch_tile_and_get_next_job(cm, cpi->tile_data, &cur_tile_id,
                                  &current_mi_row, &end_of_frame, 0,
                                  fp_block_size);
   }
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_unlock(enc_row_mt_mutex_);
#endif
   // When row_mt_exit is set to true, other workers need not pursue any
   // further jobs.
   if (row_mt_exit) {
     error_info->setjmp = 0;
     return 1;
   }

   if (end_of_frame) break;

   TileDataEnc *const this_tile = &cpi->tile_data[cur_tile_id];
   AV1EncRowMultiThreadSync *const row_mt_sync = &this_tile->row_mt_sync;
   const TileInfo *const tile_info = &this_tile->tile_info;
   const int tile_row = tile_info->tile_row;
   const int tile_col = tile_info->tile_col;
   ThreadData *td = thread_data->td;
   const int sb_row = current_mi_row >> mib_size_log2;

   assert(current_mi_row != -1 && current_mi_row <= tile_info->mi_row_end);

   td->mb.e_mbd.tile_ctx = td->tctx;
   td->mb.tile_pb_ctx = &this_tile->tctx;
   td->abs_sum_level = 0;

   if (this_tile->allow_update_cdf) {
     td->mb.row_ctx = this_tile->row_ctx;
     if (current_mi_row == tile_info->mi_row_start)
       *td->mb.e_mbd.tile_ctx = this_tile->tctx;
   } else {
     *td->mb.e_mbd.tile_ctx = this_tile->tctx;
   }

   av1_init_above_context(&cm->above_contexts, av1_num_planes(cm), tile_row,
                          &td->mb.e_mbd);
#if !CONFIG_REALTIME_ONLY
   cfl_init(&td->mb.e_mbd.cfl, cm->seq_params);
#endif
   if (td->mb.txfm_search_info.mb_rd_record != NULL) {
     av1_crc32c_calculator_init(
         &td->mb.txfm_search_info.mb_rd_record->crc_calculator);
   }

   av1_encode_sb_row(cpi, td, tile_row, tile_col, current_mi_row);
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_lock(enc_row_mt_mutex_);
#endif
   this_tile->abs_sum_level += td->abs_sum_level;
   row_mt_sync->num_threads_working--;
   enc_row_mt->num_tile_cols_done[sb_row]++;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_cond_broadcast(enc_row_mt->cond_);
   pthread_mutex_unlock(enc_row_mt_mutex_);
#endif
 }
 if (do_pipelined_lpf_mt_with_enc) {
   // Loop-filter a superblock row if encoding of the current and next
   // superblock row is complete.
   // TODO(deepa.kg @ittiam.com) Evaluate encoder speed by interleaving
   // encoding and loop filter stage.
   launch_loop_filter_rows(cm, thread_data, enc_row_mt, mib_size_log2);
 }
 av1_free_pc_tree_recursive(thread_data->td->pc_root, av1_num_planes(cm), 0, 0,
                            cpi->sf.part_sf.partition_search_type);
 thread_data->td->pc_root = NULL;
 error_info->setjmp = 0;
 return 1;
}

static int enc_worker_hook(void *arg1, void *unused) {
 EncWorkerData *const thread_data = (EncWorkerData *)arg1;
 AV1_COMP *const cpi = thread_data->cpi;
 MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &thread_data->td->mb.e_mbd;
 struct aom_internal_error_info *const error_info = &thread_data->error_info;
 const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
 const int tile_cols = cm->tiles.cols;
 const int tile_rows = cm->tiles.rows;
 int t;

 (void)unused;

 xd->error_info = error_info;

 // The jmp_buf is valid only for the duration of the function that calls
 // setjmp(). Therefore, this function must reset the 'setjmp' field to 0
 // before it returns.
 if (setjmp(error_info->jmp)) {
   error_info->setjmp = 0;
   return 0;
 }
 error_info->setjmp = 1;

 // Preallocate the pc_tree for realtime coding to reduce the cost of memory
 // allocation.
 if (cpi->sf.rt_sf.use_nonrd_pick_mode) {
   thread_data->td->pc_root = av1_alloc_pc_tree_node(cm->seq_params->sb_size);
   if (!thread_data->td->pc_root)
     aom_internal_error(xd->error_info, AOM_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                        "Failed to allocate PC_TREE");
 } else {
   thread_data->td->pc_root = NULL;
 }

 for (t = thread_data->start; t < tile_rows * tile_cols;
      t += cpi->mt_info.num_workers) {
   int tile_row = t / tile_cols;
   int tile_col = t % tile_cols;

   TileDataEnc *const this_tile =
       &cpi->tile_data[tile_row * cm->tiles.cols + tile_col];
   thread_data->td->mb.e_mbd.tile_ctx = &this_tile->tctx;
   thread_data->td->mb.tile_pb_ctx = &this_tile->tctx;
   av1_encode_tile(cpi, thread_data->td, tile_row, tile_col);
 }

 av1_free_pc_tree_recursive(thread_data->td->pc_root, av1_num_planes(cm), 0, 0,
                            cpi->sf.part_sf.partition_search_type);
 thread_data->td->pc_root = NULL;
 error_info->setjmp = 0;
 return 1;
}

void av1_init_frame_mt(AV1_PRIMARY *ppi, AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 cpi->mt_info.workers = ppi->p_mt_info.workers;
 cpi->mt_info.num_workers = ppi->p_mt_info.num_workers;
 cpi->mt_info.tile_thr_data = ppi->p_mt_info.tile_thr_data;
 int i;
 for (i = MOD_FP; i < NUM_MT_MODULES; i++) {
   cpi->mt_info.num_mod_workers[i] =
       AOMMIN(cpi->mt_info.num_workers, ppi->p_mt_info.num_mod_workers[i]);
 }
}

void av1_init_cdef_worker(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 // The allocation is done only for level 0 parallel frames. No change
 // in config is supported in the middle of a parallel encode set, since the
 // rest of the MT modules also do not support dynamic change of config.
 if (cpi->ppi->gf_group.frame_parallel_level[cpi->gf_frame_index] > 0) return;
 PrimaryMultiThreadInfo *const p_mt_info = &cpi->ppi->p_mt_info;
 int num_cdef_workers = av1_get_num_mod_workers_for_alloc(p_mt_info, MOD_CDEF);

 av1_alloc_cdef_buffers(&cpi->common, &p_mt_info->cdef_worker,
                        &cpi->mt_info.cdef_sync, num_cdef_workers, 1);
 cpi->mt_info.cdef_worker = p_mt_info->cdef_worker;
}

#if !CONFIG_REALTIME_ONLY
void av1_init_lr_mt_buffers(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
 AV1LrSync *lr_sync = &cpi->mt_info.lr_row_sync;
 if (lr_sync->sync_range) {
   if (cpi->ppi->gf_group.frame_parallel_level[cpi->gf_frame_index] > 0)
     return;
   int num_lr_workers =
       av1_get_num_mod_workers_for_alloc(&cpi->ppi->p_mt_info, MOD_LR);
   assert(num_lr_workers <= lr_sync->num_workers);
   lr_sync->lrworkerdata[num_lr_workers - 1].rst_tmpbuf = cm->rst_tmpbuf;
   lr_sync->lrworkerdata[num_lr_workers - 1].rlbs = cm->rlbs;
 }
}
#endif

#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
void av1_init_mt_sync(AV1_COMP *cpi, int is_first_pass) {
 AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
 MultiThreadInfo *const mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;

 if (setjmp(cm->error->jmp)) {
   cm->error->setjmp = 0;
   aom_internal_error_copy(&cpi->ppi->error, cm->error);
 }
 cm->error->setjmp = 1;
 // Initialize enc row MT object.
 if (is_first_pass || cpi->oxcf.row_mt == 1) {
   AV1EncRowMultiThreadInfo *enc_row_mt = &mt_info->enc_row_mt;
   if (enc_row_mt->mutex_ == NULL) {
     CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, enc_row_mt->mutex_,
                     aom_malloc(sizeof(*(enc_row_mt->mutex_))));
     if (enc_row_mt->mutex_) pthread_mutex_init(enc_row_mt->mutex_, NULL);
   }
   if (enc_row_mt->cond_ == NULL) {
     CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, enc_row_mt->cond_,
                     aom_malloc(sizeof(*(enc_row_mt->cond_))));
     if (enc_row_mt->cond_) pthread_cond_init(enc_row_mt->cond_, NULL);
   }
 }

 if (!is_first_pass) {
   // Initialize global motion MT object.
   AV1GlobalMotionSync *gm_sync = &mt_info->gm_sync;
   if (gm_sync->mutex_ == NULL) {
     CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, gm_sync->mutex_,
                     aom_malloc(sizeof(*(gm_sync->mutex_))));
     if (gm_sync->mutex_) pthread_mutex_init(gm_sync->mutex_, NULL);
   }
#if !CONFIG_REALTIME_ONLY
   // Initialize temporal filtering MT object.
   AV1TemporalFilterSync *tf_sync = &mt_info->tf_sync;
   if (tf_sync->mutex_ == NULL) {
     CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, tf_sync->mutex_,
                     aom_malloc(sizeof(*tf_sync->mutex_)));
     if (tf_sync->mutex_) pthread_mutex_init(tf_sync->mutex_, NULL);
   }
#endif  // !CONFIG_REALTIME_ONLY
       // Initialize CDEF MT object.
   AV1CdefSync *cdef_sync = &mt_info->cdef_sync;
   if (cdef_sync->mutex_ == NULL) {
     CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, cdef_sync->mutex_,
                     aom_malloc(sizeof(*(cdef_sync->mutex_))));
     if (cdef_sync->mutex_) pthread_mutex_init(cdef_sync->mutex_, NULL);
   }

   // Initialize loop filter MT object.
   AV1LfSync *lf_sync = &mt_info->lf_row_sync;
   // Number of superblock rows
   const int sb_rows =
       CEIL_POWER_OF_TWO(cm->height >> MI_SIZE_LOG2, MAX_MIB_SIZE_LOG2);
   PrimaryMultiThreadInfo *const p_mt_info = &cpi->ppi->p_mt_info;
   int num_lf_workers = av1_get_num_mod_workers_for_alloc(p_mt_info, MOD_LPF);

   if (!lf_sync->sync_range || sb_rows != lf_sync->rows ||
       num_lf_workers > lf_sync->num_workers) {
     av1_loop_filter_dealloc(lf_sync);
     av1_loop_filter_alloc(lf_sync, cm, sb_rows, cm->width, num_lf_workers);
   }

   // Initialize tpl MT object.
   AV1TplRowMultiThreadInfo *tpl_row_mt = &mt_info->tpl_row_mt;
   if (tpl_row_mt->mutex_ == NULL) {
     CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, tpl_row_mt->mutex_,
                     aom_malloc(sizeof(*(tpl_row_mt->mutex_))));
     if (tpl_row_mt->mutex_) pthread_mutex_init(tpl_row_mt->mutex_, NULL);
   }

#if !CONFIG_REALTIME_ONLY
   if (is_restoration_used(cm)) {
     // Initialize loop restoration MT object.
     AV1LrSync *lr_sync = &mt_info->lr_row_sync;
     int rst_unit_size = cpi->sf.lpf_sf.min_lr_unit_size;
     int num_rows_lr = av1_lr_count_units(rst_unit_size, cm->height);
     int num_lr_workers = av1_get_num_mod_workers_for_alloc(p_mt_info, MOD_LR);
     if (!lr_sync->sync_range || num_rows_lr > lr_sync->rows ||
         num_lr_workers > lr_sync->num_workers ||
         MAX_MB_PLANE > lr_sync->num_planes) {
       av1_loop_restoration_dealloc(lr_sync);
       av1_loop_restoration_alloc(lr_sync, cm, num_lr_workers, num_rows_lr,
                                  MAX_MB_PLANE, cm->width);
     }
   }
#endif

   // Initialization of pack bitstream MT object.
   AV1EncPackBSSync *pack_bs_sync = &mt_info->pack_bs_sync;
   if (pack_bs_sync->mutex_ == NULL) {
     CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, pack_bs_sync->mutex_,
                     aom_malloc(sizeof(*pack_bs_sync->mutex_)));
     if (pack_bs_sync->mutex_) pthread_mutex_init(pack_bs_sync->mutex_, NULL);
   }
 }
 cm->error->setjmp = 0;
}
#endif  // CONFIG_MULTITHREAD

// Computes the number of workers to be considered while allocating memory for a
// multi-threaded module under FPMT.
int av1_get_num_mod_workers_for_alloc(const PrimaryMultiThreadInfo *p_mt_info,
                                     MULTI_THREADED_MODULES mod_name) {
 int num_mod_workers = p_mt_info->num_mod_workers[mod_name];
 if (p_mt_info->num_mod_workers[MOD_FRAME_ENC] > 1) {
   // TODO(anyone): Change num_mod_workers to num_mod_workers[MOD_FRAME_ENC].
   // As frame parallel jobs will only perform multi-threading for the encode
   // stage, we can limit the allocations according to num_enc_workers per
   // frame parallel encode(a.k.a num_mod_workers[MOD_FRAME_ENC]).
   num_mod_workers = p_mt_info->num_workers;
 }
 return num_mod_workers;
}

void av1_init_tile_thread_data(AV1_PRIMARY *ppi, int is_first_pass) {
 PrimaryMultiThreadInfo *const p_mt_info = &ppi->p_mt_info;

 assert(p_mt_info->workers != NULL);
 assert(p_mt_info->tile_thr_data != NULL);

 int num_workers = p_mt_info->num_workers;
 int num_enc_workers = av1_get_num_mod_workers_for_alloc(p_mt_info, MOD_ENC);
 assert(num_enc_workers <= num_workers);
 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
   EncWorkerData *const thread_data = &p_mt_info->tile_thr_data[i];

   if (i > 0) {
     // Allocate thread data.
     ThreadData *td;
     AOM_CHECK_MEM_ERROR(&ppi->error, td, aom_memalign(32, sizeof(*td)));
     av1_zero(*td);
     thread_data->original_td = thread_data->td = td;

     // Set up shared coeff buffers.
     av1_setup_shared_coeff_buffer(&ppi->seq_params, &td->shared_coeff_buf,
                                   &ppi->error);
     AOM_CHECK_MEM_ERROR(&ppi->error, td->tmp_conv_dst,
                         aom_memalign(32, MAX_SB_SIZE * MAX_SB_SIZE *
                                              sizeof(*td->tmp_conv_dst)));

     if (i < p_mt_info->num_mod_workers[MOD_FP]) {
       // Set up firstpass PICK_MODE_CONTEXT.
       td->firstpass_ctx =
           av1_alloc_pmc(ppi->cpi, BLOCK_16X16, &td->shared_coeff_buf);
       if (!td->firstpass_ctx)
         aom_internal_error(&ppi->error, AOM_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                            "Failed to allocate PICK_MODE_CONTEXT");
     }

     if (!is_first_pass && i < num_enc_workers) {
       // Set up sms_tree.
       if (av1_setup_sms_tree(ppi->cpi, td)) {
         aom_internal_error(&ppi->error, AOM_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                            "Failed to allocate SMS tree");
       }

       for (int x = 0; x < 2; x++) {
         AOM_CHECK_MEM_ERROR(
             &ppi->error, td->hash_value_buffer[x],
             (uint32_t *)aom_malloc(AOM_BUFFER_SIZE_FOR_BLOCK_HASH *
                                    sizeof(*td->hash_value_buffer[x])));
       }

       // Allocate frame counters in thread data.
       AOM_CHECK_MEM_ERROR(&ppi->error, td->counts,
                           aom_calloc(1, sizeof(*td->counts)));

       // Allocate buffers used by palette coding mode.
       AOM_CHECK_MEM_ERROR(&ppi->error, td->palette_buffer,
                           aom_memalign(16, sizeof(*td->palette_buffer)));

       // The buffers 'tmp_pred_bufs[]', 'comp_rd_buffer' and 'obmc_buffer' are
       // used in inter frames to store intermediate inter mode prediction
       // results and are not required for allintra encoding mode. Hence, the
       // memory allocations for these buffers are avoided for allintra
       // encoding mode.
       if (ppi->cpi->oxcf.kf_cfg.key_freq_max != 0) {
         alloc_obmc_buffers(&td->obmc_buffer, &ppi->error);

         alloc_compound_type_rd_buffers(&ppi->error, &td->comp_rd_buffer);

         for (int j = 0; j < 2; ++j) {
           AOM_CHECK_MEM_ERROR(
               &ppi->error, td->tmp_pred_bufs[j],
               aom_memalign(32, 2 * MAX_MB_PLANE * MAX_SB_SQUARE *
                                    sizeof(*td->tmp_pred_bufs[j])));
         }
       }

       if (is_gradient_caching_for_hog_enabled(ppi->cpi)) {
         const int plane_types = PLANE_TYPES >> ppi->seq_params.monochrome;
         AOM_CHECK_MEM_ERROR(&ppi->error, td->pixel_gradient_info,
                             aom_malloc(sizeof(*td->pixel_gradient_info) *
                                        plane_types * MAX_SB_SQUARE));
       }

       if (is_src_var_for_4x4_sub_blocks_caching_enabled(ppi->cpi)) {
         const BLOCK_SIZE sb_size = ppi->cpi->common.seq_params->sb_size;
         const int mi_count_in_sb =
             mi_size_wide[sb_size] * mi_size_high[sb_size];

         AOM_CHECK_MEM_ERROR(
             &ppi->error, td->src_var_info_of_4x4_sub_blocks,
             aom_malloc(sizeof(*td->src_var_info_of_4x4_sub_blocks) *
                        mi_count_in_sb));
       }

       if (ppi->cpi->sf.part_sf.partition_search_type == VAR_BASED_PARTITION) {
         const int num_64x64_blocks =
             (ppi->seq_params.sb_size == BLOCK_64X64) ? 1 : 4;
         AOM_CHECK_MEM_ERROR(
             &ppi->error, td->vt64x64,
             aom_malloc(sizeof(*td->vt64x64) * num_64x64_blocks));
       }
     }
   }

   if (!is_first_pass && ppi->cpi->oxcf.row_mt == 1 && i < num_enc_workers) {
     if (i == 0) {
       for (int j = 0; j < ppi->num_fp_contexts; j++) {
         AOM_CHECK_MEM_ERROR(&ppi->error, ppi->parallel_cpi[j]->td.tctx,
                             (FRAME_CONTEXT *)aom_memalign(
                                 16, sizeof(*ppi->parallel_cpi[j]->td.tctx)));
       }
     } else {
       AOM_CHECK_MEM_ERROR(
           &ppi->error, thread_data->td->tctx,
           (FRAME_CONTEXT *)aom_memalign(16, sizeof(*thread_data->td->tctx)));
     }
   }
 }

 // Record the number of workers in encode stage multi-threading for which
 // allocation is done.
 p_mt_info->prev_num_enc_workers = num_enc_workers;
}

void av1_create_workers(AV1_PRIMARY *ppi, int num_workers) {
 PrimaryMultiThreadInfo *const p_mt_info = &ppi->p_mt_info;
 const AVxWorkerInterface *const winterface = aom_get_worker_interface();
 assert(p_mt_info->num_workers == 0);

 AOM_CHECK_MEM_ERROR(&ppi->error, p_mt_info->workers,
                     aom_malloc(num_workers * sizeof(*p_mt_info->workers)));

 AOM_CHECK_MEM_ERROR(
     &ppi->error, p_mt_info->tile_thr_data,
     aom_calloc(num_workers, sizeof(*p_mt_info->tile_thr_data)));

 for (int i = 0; i < num_workers; ++i) {
   AVxWorker *const worker = &p_mt_info->workers[i];
   EncWorkerData *const thread_data = &p_mt_info->tile_thr_data[i];

   winterface->init(worker);
   worker->thread_name = "aom enc worker";

   thread_data->thread_id = i;
   // Set the starting tile for each thread.
   thread_data->start = i;

   if (i > 0) {
     // Create threads
     if (!winterface->reset(worker))
       aom_internal_error(&ppi->error, AOM_CODEC_ERROR,
                          "Tile encoder thread creation failed");
   }
   winterface->sync(worker);

   ++p_mt_info->num_workers;
 }
}

// This function will change the state and free the mutex of corresponding
// workers and terminate the object. The object can not be re-used unless a call
// to reset() is made.
void av1_terminate_workers(AV1_PRIMARY *ppi) {
 PrimaryMultiThreadInfo *const p_mt_info = &ppi->p_mt_info;
 for (int t = 0; t < p_mt_info->num_workers; ++t) {
   AVxWorker *const worker = &p_mt_info->workers[t];
   aom_get_worker_interface()->end(worker);
 }
}

// This function returns 1 if frame parallel encode is supported for
// the current configuration. Returns 0 otherwise.
static inline int is_fpmt_config(const AV1_PRIMARY *ppi,
                                const AV1EncoderConfig *oxcf) {
 // FPMT is enabled for AOM_Q and AOM_VBR.
 // TODO(Tarun): Test and enable resize config.
 if (oxcf->rc_cfg.mode == AOM_CBR || oxcf->rc_cfg.mode == AOM_CQ) {
   return 0;
 }
 if (ppi->use_svc) {
   return 0;
 }
 if (oxcf->tile_cfg.enable_large_scale_tile) {
   return 0;
 }
 if (oxcf->dec_model_cfg.timing_info_present) {
   return 0;
 }
 if (oxcf->mode != GOOD) {
   return 0;
 }
 if (oxcf->tool_cfg.error_resilient_mode) {
   return 0;
 }
 if (oxcf->resize_cfg.resize_mode) {
   return 0;
 }
 if (oxcf->pass != AOM_RC_SECOND_PASS) {
   return 0;
 }
 if (oxcf->max_threads < 2) {
   return 0;
 }
 if (!oxcf->fp_mt) {
   return 0;
 }

 return 1;
}

int av1_check_fpmt_config(AV1_PRIMARY *const ppi,
                         const AV1EncoderConfig *const oxcf) {
 if (is_fpmt_config(ppi, oxcf)) return 1;
 // Reset frame parallel configuration for unsupported config
 if (ppi->num_fp_contexts > 1) {
   for (int i = 1; i < ppi->num_fp_contexts; i++) {
     // Release the previously-used frame-buffer
     if (ppi->parallel_cpi[i]->common.cur_frame != NULL) {
       --ppi->parallel_cpi[i]->common.cur_frame->ref_count;
       ppi->parallel_cpi[i]->common.cur_frame = NULL;
     }
   }

   int cur_gf_index = ppi->cpi->gf_frame_index;
   int reset_size = AOMMAX(0, ppi->gf_group.size - cur_gf_index);
   av1_zero_array(&ppi->gf_group.frame_parallel_level[cur_gf_index],
                  reset_size);
   av1_zero_array(&ppi->gf_group.is_frame_non_ref[cur_gf_index], reset_size);
   av1_zero_array(&ppi->gf_group.src_offset[cur_gf_index], reset_size);
   memset(&ppi->gf_group.skip_frame_refresh[cur_gf_index][0], INVALID_IDX,
          sizeof(ppi->gf_group.skip_frame_refresh[cur_gf_index][0]) *
              reset_size * REF_FRAMES);
   memset(&ppi->gf_group.skip_frame_as_ref[cur_gf_index], INVALID_IDX,
          sizeof(ppi->gf_group.skip_frame_as_ref[cur_gf_index]) * reset_size);
   ppi->num_fp_contexts = 1;
 }
 return 0;
}

// A large value for threads used to compute the max num_enc_workers
// possible for each resolution.
#define MAX_THREADS 100

// Computes the max number of enc workers possible for each resolution.
static inline int compute_max_num_enc_workers(
   CommonModeInfoParams *const mi_params, int mib_size_log2) {
 int num_sb_rows = CEIL_POWER_OF_TWO(mi_params->mi_rows, mib_size_log2);
 int num_sb_cols = CEIL_POWER_OF_TWO(mi_params->mi_cols, mib_size_log2);

 return AOMMIN((num_sb_cols + 1) >> 1, num_sb_rows);
}

// Computes the number of frame parallel(fp) contexts to be created
// based on the number of max_enc_workers.
int av1_compute_num_fp_contexts(AV1_PRIMARY *ppi, AV1EncoderConfig *oxcf) {
 ppi->p_mt_info.num_mod_workers[MOD_FRAME_ENC] = 0;
 if (!av1_check_fpmt_config(ppi, oxcf)) {
   return 1;
 }
 int max_num_enc_workers = compute_max_num_enc_workers(
     &ppi->cpi->common.mi_params, ppi->cpi->common.seq_params->mib_size_log2);
 // Scaling factors and rounding factors used to tune worker_per_frame
 // computation.
 int rounding_factor[2] = { 2, 4 };
 int scaling_factor[2] = { 4, 8 };
 int is_480p_or_lesser =
     AOMMIN(oxcf->frm_dim_cfg.width, oxcf->frm_dim_cfg.height) <= 480;
 int is_sb_64 = 0;
 if (ppi->cpi != NULL)
   is_sb_64 = ppi->cpi->common.seq_params->sb_size == BLOCK_64X64;
 // A parallel frame encode has at least 1/4th the
 // theoretical limit of max enc workers in default case. For resolutions
 // larger than 480p, if SB size is 64x64, optimal performance is obtained with
 // limit of 1/8.
 int index = (!is_480p_or_lesser && is_sb_64) ? 1 : 0;
 int workers_per_frame =
     AOMMAX(1, (max_num_enc_workers + rounding_factor[index]) /
                   scaling_factor[index]);
 int max_threads = oxcf->max_threads;
 int num_fp_contexts = max_threads / workers_per_frame;
 // Based on empirical results, FPMT gains with multi-tile are significant when
 // more parallel frames are available. Use FPMT with multi-tile encode only
 // when sufficient threads are available for parallel encode of
 // MAX_PARALLEL_FRAMES frames.
 if (oxcf->tile_cfg.tile_columns > 0 || oxcf->tile_cfg.tile_rows > 0) {
   if (num_fp_contexts < MAX_PARALLEL_FRAMES) num_fp_contexts = 1;
 }

 num_fp_contexts = clamp(num_fp_contexts, 1, MAX_PARALLEL_FRAMES);
 // Limit recalculated num_fp_contexts to ppi->num_fp_contexts.
 num_fp_contexts = (ppi->num_fp_contexts == 1)
                       ? num_fp_contexts
                       : AOMMIN(num_fp_contexts, ppi->num_fp_contexts);
 if (num_fp_contexts > 1) {
   ppi->p_mt_info.num_mod_workers[MOD_FRAME_ENC] =
       AOMMIN(max_num_enc_workers * num_fp_contexts, oxcf->max_threads);
 }
 return num_fp_contexts;
}

// Computes the number of workers to process each of the parallel frames.
static inline int compute_num_workers_per_frame(
   const int num_workers, const int parallel_frame_count) {
 // Number of level 2 workers per frame context (floor division).
 int workers_per_frame = (num_workers / parallel_frame_count);
 return workers_per_frame;
}

static inline void restore_workers_after_fpmt(AV1_PRIMARY *ppi,
                                             int parallel_frame_count,
                                             int num_fpmt_workers_prepared);

// Prepare level 1 workers. This function is only called for
// parallel_frame_count > 1. This function populates the mt_info structure of
// frame level contexts appropriately by dividing the total number of available
// workers amongst the frames as level 2 workers. It also populates the hook and
// data members of level 1 workers.
static inline void prepare_fpmt_workers(AV1_PRIMARY *ppi,
                                       AV1_COMP_DATA *first_cpi_data,
                                       AVxWorkerHook hook,
                                       int parallel_frame_count) {
 assert(parallel_frame_count <= ppi->num_fp_contexts &&
        parallel_frame_count > 1);

 PrimaryMultiThreadInfo *const p_mt_info = &ppi->p_mt_info;
 int num_workers = p_mt_info->num_workers;

 volatile int frame_idx = 0;
 volatile int i = 0;
 while (i < num_workers) {
   // Assign level 1 worker
   AVxWorker *frame_worker = p_mt_info->p_workers[frame_idx] =
       &p_mt_info->workers[i];
   AV1_COMP *cur_cpi = ppi->parallel_cpi[frame_idx];
   MultiThreadInfo *mt_info = &cur_cpi->mt_info;
   // This 'aom_internal_error_info' pointer is not derived from the local
   // pointer ('AV1_COMMON *const cm') to silence the compiler warning
   // "variable 'cm' might be clobbered by 'longjmp' or 'vfork' [-Wclobbered]".
   struct aom_internal_error_info *const error = cur_cpi->common.error;

   // The jmp_buf is valid only within the scope of the function that calls
   // setjmp(). Therefore, this function must reset the 'setjmp' field to 0
   // before it returns.
   if (setjmp(error->jmp)) {
     error->setjmp = 0;
     restore_workers_after_fpmt(ppi, parallel_frame_count, i);
     aom_internal_error_copy(&ppi->error, error);
   }
   error->setjmp = 1;

   AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cur_cpi->common;
   // Assign start of level 2 worker pool
   mt_info->workers = &p_mt_info->workers[i];
   mt_info->tile_thr_data = &p_mt_info->tile_thr_data[i];
   // Assign number of workers for each frame in the parallel encode set.
   mt_info->num_workers = compute_num_workers_per_frame(
       num_workers - i, parallel_frame_count - frame_idx);
   for (int j = MOD_FP; j < NUM_MT_MODULES; j++) {
     mt_info->num_mod_workers[j] =
         AOMMIN(mt_info->num_workers, p_mt_info->num_mod_workers[j]);
   }
   if (p_mt_info->cdef_worker != NULL) {
     mt_info->cdef_worker = &p_mt_info->cdef_worker[i];

     // Back up the original cdef_worker pointers.
     mt_info->restore_state_buf.cdef_srcbuf = mt_info->cdef_worker->srcbuf;
     const int num_planes = av1_num_planes(cm);
     for (int plane = 0; plane < num_planes; plane++)
       mt_info->restore_state_buf.cdef_colbuf[plane] =
           mt_info->cdef_worker->colbuf[plane];
   }
#if !CONFIG_REALTIME_ONLY
   if (is_restoration_used(cm)) {
     // Back up the original LR buffers before update.
     int idx = i + mt_info->num_workers - 1;
     assert(idx < mt_info->lr_row_sync.num_workers);
     mt_info->restore_state_buf.rst_tmpbuf =
         mt_info->lr_row_sync.lrworkerdata[idx].rst_tmpbuf;
     mt_info->restore_state_buf.rlbs =
         mt_info->lr_row_sync.lrworkerdata[idx].rlbs;

     // Update LR buffers.
     mt_info->lr_row_sync.lrworkerdata[idx].rst_tmpbuf = cm->rst_tmpbuf;
     mt_info->lr_row_sync.lrworkerdata[idx].rlbs = cm->rlbs;
   }
#endif

   i += mt_info->num_workers;

   // At this stage, the thread specific CDEF buffers for the current frame's
   // 'common' and 'cdef_sync' only need to be allocated. 'cdef_worker' has
   // already been allocated across parallel frames.
   av1_alloc_cdef_buffers(cm, &p_mt_info->cdef_worker, &mt_info->cdef_sync,
                          p_mt_info->num_workers, 0);

   frame_worker->hook = hook;
   frame_worker->data1 = cur_cpi;
   frame_worker->data2 = (frame_idx == 0)
                             ? first_cpi_data
                             : &ppi->parallel_frames_data[frame_idx - 1];
   frame_idx++;
   error->setjmp = 0;
 }
 p_mt_info->p_num_workers = parallel_frame_count;
}

// Launch level 1 workers to perform frame parallel encode.
static inline void launch_fpmt_workers(AV1_PRIMARY *ppi) {
 const AVxWorkerInterface *const winterface = aom_get_worker_interface();
 int num_workers = ppi->p_mt_info.p_num_workers;

 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
   AVxWorker *const worker = ppi->p_mt_info.p_workers[i];
   if (i == 0)
     winterface->execute(worker);
   else
     winterface->launch(worker);
 }
}

// Restore worker states after parallel encode.
static inline void restore_workers_after_fpmt(AV1_PRIMARY *ppi,
                                             int parallel_frame_count,
                                             int num_fpmt_workers_prepared) {
 assert(parallel_frame_count <= ppi->num_fp_contexts &&
        parallel_frame_count > 1);
 (void)parallel_frame_count;

 PrimaryMultiThreadInfo *const p_mt_info = &ppi->p_mt_info;

 int frame_idx = 0;
 int i = 0;
 while (i < num_fpmt_workers_prepared) {
   AV1_COMP *cur_cpi = ppi->parallel_cpi[frame_idx];
   MultiThreadInfo *mt_info = &cur_cpi->mt_info;
   const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cur_cpi->common;
   const int num_planes = av1_num_planes(cm);

   // Restore the original cdef_worker pointers.
   if (p_mt_info->cdef_worker != NULL) {
     mt_info->cdef_worker->srcbuf = mt_info->restore_state_buf.cdef_srcbuf;
     for (int plane = 0; plane < num_planes; plane++)
       mt_info->cdef_worker->colbuf[plane] =
           mt_info->restore_state_buf.cdef_colbuf[plane];
   }
#if !CONFIG_REALTIME_ONLY
   if (is_restoration_used(cm)) {
     // Restore the original LR buffers.
     int idx = i + mt_info->num_workers - 1;
     assert(idx < mt_info->lr_row_sync.num_workers);
     mt_info->lr_row_sync.lrworkerdata[idx].rst_tmpbuf =
         mt_info->restore_state_buf.rst_tmpbuf;
     mt_info->lr_row_sync.lrworkerdata[idx].rlbs =
         mt_info->restore_state_buf.rlbs;
   }
#endif

   frame_idx++;
   i += mt_info->num_workers;
 }
}

// Synchronize level 1 workers.
static inline void sync_fpmt_workers(AV1_PRIMARY *ppi,
                                    int frames_in_parallel_set) {
 const AVxWorkerInterface *const winterface = aom_get_worker_interface();
 int num_workers = ppi->p_mt_info.p_num_workers;
 int had_error = 0;
 // Points to error in the earliest display order frame in the parallel set.
 const struct aom_internal_error_info *error = NULL;

 // Encoding ends.
 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
   AVxWorker *const worker = ppi->p_mt_info.p_workers[i];
   if (!winterface->sync(worker)) {
     had_error = 1;
     error = ppi->parallel_cpi[i]->common.error;
   }
 }

 restore_workers_after_fpmt(ppi, frames_in_parallel_set,
                            ppi->p_mt_info.num_workers);

 if (had_error) aom_internal_error_copy(&ppi->error, error);
}

static int get_compressed_data_hook(void *arg1, void *arg2) {
 AV1_COMP *cpi = (AV1_COMP *)arg1;
 AV1_COMP_DATA *cpi_data = (AV1_COMP_DATA *)arg2;
 int status = av1_get_compressed_data(cpi, cpi_data);

 // AOM_CODEC_OK(0) means no error.
 return !status;
}

// This function encodes the raw frame data for each frame in parallel encode
// set, and outputs the frame bit stream to the designated buffers.
void av1_compress_parallel_frames(AV1_PRIMARY *const ppi,
                                 AV1_COMP_DATA *const first_cpi_data) {
 // Bitmask for the frame buffers referenced by cpi->scaled_ref_buf
 // corresponding to frames in the current parallel encode set.
 int ref_buffers_used_map = 0;
 int frames_in_parallel_set = av1_init_parallel_frame_context(
     first_cpi_data, ppi, &ref_buffers_used_map);
 prepare_fpmt_workers(ppi, first_cpi_data, get_compressed_data_hook,
                      frames_in_parallel_set);
 launch_fpmt_workers(ppi);
 sync_fpmt_workers(ppi, frames_in_parallel_set);

 // Release cpi->scaled_ref_buf corresponding to frames in the current parallel
 // encode set.
 for (int i = 0; i < frames_in_parallel_set; ++i) {
   av1_release_scaled_references_fpmt(ppi->parallel_cpi[i]);
 }
 av1_decrement_ref_counts_fpmt(ppi->cpi->common.buffer_pool,
                               ref_buffers_used_map);
}

static inline void launch_workers(MultiThreadInfo *const mt_info,
                                 int num_workers) {
 const AVxWorkerInterface *const winterface = aom_get_worker_interface();
 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
   AVxWorker *const worker = &mt_info->workers[i];
   worker->had_error = 0;
   if (i == 0)
     winterface->execute(worker);
   else
     winterface->launch(worker);
 }
}

static inline void sync_enc_workers(MultiThreadInfo *const mt_info,
                                   AV1_COMMON *const cm, int num_workers) {
 const AVxWorkerInterface *const winterface = aom_get_worker_interface();
 const AVxWorker *const worker_main = &mt_info->workers[0];
 int had_error = worker_main->had_error;
 struct aom_internal_error_info error_info;

 // Read the error_info of main thread.
 if (had_error) {
   error_info = ((EncWorkerData *)worker_main->data1)->error_info;
 }

 // Encoding ends.
 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i > 0; i--) {
   AVxWorker *const worker = &mt_info->workers[i];
   if (!winterface->sync(worker)) {
     had_error = 1;
     error_info = ((EncWorkerData *)worker->data1)->error_info;
   }
 }

 if (had_error) aom_internal_error_copy(cm->error, &error_info);

 // Restore xd->error_info of the main thread back to cm->error so that the
 // multithreaded code, when executed using a single thread, has a valid
 // xd->error_info.
 MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &((EncWorkerData *)worker_main->data1)->td->mb.e_mbd;
 xd->error_info = cm->error;
}

static inline void accumulate_counters_enc_workers(AV1_COMP *cpi,
                                                  int num_workers) {
 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
   AVxWorker *const worker = &cpi->mt_info.workers[i];
   EncWorkerData *const thread_data = (EncWorkerData *)worker->data1;
   cpi->intrabc_used |= thread_data->td->intrabc_used;
   cpi->deltaq_used |= thread_data->td->deltaq_used;
   // Accumulate rtc counters.
   if (!frame_is_intra_only(&cpi->common))
     av1_accumulate_rtc_counters(cpi, &thread_data->td->mb);
   cpi->palette_pixel_num += thread_data->td->mb.palette_pixels;
   if (thread_data->td != &cpi->td) {
     // Keep these conditional expressions in sync with the corresponding ones
     // in prepare_enc_workers().
     if (cpi->sf.inter_sf.mv_cost_upd_level != INTERNAL_COST_UPD_OFF) {
       aom_free(thread_data->td->mv_costs_alloc);
       thread_data->td->mv_costs_alloc = NULL;
     }
     if (cpi->sf.intra_sf.dv_cost_upd_level != INTERNAL_COST_UPD_OFF) {
       aom_free(thread_data->td->dv_costs_alloc);
       thread_data->td->dv_costs_alloc = NULL;
     }
   }
   av1_dealloc_mb_data(&thread_data->td->mb, av1_num_planes(&cpi->common));

   // Accumulate counters.
   if (i > 0) {
     av1_accumulate_frame_counts(&cpi->counts, thread_data->td->counts);
     accumulate_rd_opt(&cpi->td, thread_data->td);
     cpi->td.mb.txfm_search_info.txb_split_count +=
         thread_data->td->mb.txfm_search_info.txb_split_count;
#if CONFIG_SPEED_STATS
     cpi->td.mb.txfm_search_info.tx_search_count +=
         thread_data->td->mb.txfm_search_info.tx_search_count;
#endif  // CONFIG_SPEED_STATS
   }
 }
}

static inline void prepare_enc_workers(AV1_COMP *cpi, AVxWorkerHook hook,
                                      int num_workers) {
 MultiThreadInfo *const mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
   AVxWorker *const worker = &mt_info->workers[i];
   EncWorkerData *const thread_data = &mt_info->tile_thr_data[i];

   worker->hook = hook;
   worker->data1 = thread_data;
   worker->data2 = NULL;

   thread_data->thread_id = i;
   // Set the starting tile for each thread.
   thread_data->start = i;

   thread_data->cpi = cpi;
   if (i == 0) {
     thread_data->td = &cpi->td;
   } else {
     thread_data->td = thread_data->original_td;
   }

   thread_data->td->intrabc_used = 0;
   thread_data->td->deltaq_used = 0;
   thread_data->td->abs_sum_level = 0;
   thread_data->td->rd_counts.seg_tmp_pred_cost[0] = 0;
   thread_data->td->rd_counts.seg_tmp_pred_cost[1] = 0;

   // Before encoding a frame, copy the thread data from cpi.
   if (thread_data->td != &cpi->td) {
     thread_data->td->mb = cpi->td.mb;
     thread_data->td->rd_counts = cpi->td.rd_counts;
     thread_data->td->mb.obmc_buffer = thread_data->td->obmc_buffer;

     for (int x = 0; x < 2; x++) {
       thread_data->td->mb.intrabc_hash_info.hash_value_buffer[x] =
           thread_data->td->hash_value_buffer[x];
     }
     // Keep these conditional expressions in sync with the corresponding ones
     // in accumulate_counters_enc_workers().
     if (cpi->sf.inter_sf.mv_cost_upd_level != INTERNAL_COST_UPD_OFF) {
       CHECK_MEM_ERROR(
           cm, thread_data->td->mv_costs_alloc,
           (MvCosts *)aom_malloc(sizeof(*thread_data->td->mv_costs_alloc)));
       thread_data->td->mb.mv_costs = thread_data->td->mv_costs_alloc;
       *thread_data->td->mb.mv_costs = *cpi->td.mb.mv_costs;
     }
     if (cpi->sf.intra_sf.dv_cost_upd_level != INTERNAL_COST_UPD_OFF) {
       // Reset dv_costs to NULL for worker threads when dv cost update is
       // enabled so that only dv_cost_upd_level needs to be checked before the
       // aom_free() call for the same.
       thread_data->td->mb.dv_costs = NULL;
       if (av1_need_dv_costs(cpi)) {
         CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, thread_data->td->dv_costs_alloc,
                         (IntraBCMVCosts *)aom_malloc(
                             sizeof(*thread_data->td->dv_costs_alloc)));
         thread_data->td->mb.dv_costs = thread_data->td->dv_costs_alloc;
         *thread_data->td->mb.dv_costs = *cpi->td.mb.dv_costs;
       }
     }
   }
   av1_alloc_mb_data(cpi, &thread_data->td->mb);

   // Reset rtc counters.
   av1_init_rtc_counters(&thread_data->td->mb);

   thread_data->td->mb.palette_pixels = 0;

   if (thread_data->td->counts != &cpi->counts) {
     *thread_data->td->counts = cpi->counts;
   }

   if (i > 0) {
     thread_data->td->mb.palette_buffer = thread_data->td->palette_buffer;
     thread_data->td->mb.comp_rd_buffer = thread_data->td->comp_rd_buffer;
     thread_data->td->mb.tmp_conv_dst = thread_data->td->tmp_conv_dst;
     for (int j = 0; j < 2; ++j) {
       thread_data->td->mb.tmp_pred_bufs[j] =
           thread_data->td->tmp_pred_bufs[j];
     }
     thread_data->td->mb.pixel_gradient_info =
         thread_data->td->pixel_gradient_info;

     thread_data->td->mb.src_var_info_of_4x4_sub_blocks =
         thread_data->td->src_var_info_of_4x4_sub_blocks;

     thread_data->td->mb.e_mbd.tmp_conv_dst = thread_data->td->mb.tmp_conv_dst;
     for (int j = 0; j < 2; ++j) {
       thread_data->td->mb.e_mbd.tmp_obmc_bufs[j] =
           thread_data->td->mb.tmp_pred_bufs[j];
     }
   }
 }
}

#if !CONFIG_REALTIME_ONLY
static inline void fp_prepare_enc_workers(AV1_COMP *cpi, AVxWorkerHook hook,
                                         int num_workers) {
 AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
 MultiThreadInfo *const mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
   AVxWorker *const worker = &mt_info->workers[i];
   EncWorkerData *const thread_data = &mt_info->tile_thr_data[i];

   worker->hook = hook;
   worker->data1 = thread_data;
   worker->data2 = NULL;

   thread_data->thread_id = i;
   // Set the starting tile for each thread.
   thread_data->start = i;

   thread_data->cpi = cpi;
   if (i == 0) {
     thread_data->td = &cpi->td;
   } else {
     thread_data->td = thread_data->original_td;
     // Before encoding a frame, copy the thread data from cpi.
     thread_data->td->mb = cpi->td.mb;
   }
   av1_alloc_src_diff_buf(cm, &thread_data->td->mb);
 }
}
#endif

// Computes the number of workers for row multi-threading of encoding stage
static inline int compute_num_enc_row_mt_workers(const AV1_COMMON *cm,
                                                int max_threads) {
 TileInfo tile_info;
 const int tile_cols = cm->tiles.cols;
 const int tile_rows = cm->tiles.rows;
 int total_num_threads_row_mt = 0;
 for (int row = 0; row < tile_rows; row++) {
   for (int col = 0; col < tile_cols; col++) {
     av1_tile_init(&tile_info, cm, row, col);
     const int num_sb_rows_in_tile = av1_get_sb_rows_in_tile(cm, &tile_info);
     const int num_sb_cols_in_tile = av1_get_sb_cols_in_tile(cm, &tile_info);
     total_num_threads_row_mt +=
         AOMMIN((num_sb_cols_in_tile + 1) >> 1, num_sb_rows_in_tile);
   }
 }
 return AOMMIN(max_threads, total_num_threads_row_mt);
}

// Computes the number of workers for tile multi-threading of encoding stage
static inline int compute_num_enc_tile_mt_workers(const AV1_COMMON *cm,
                                                 int max_threads) {
 const int tile_cols = cm->tiles.cols;
 const int tile_rows = cm->tiles.rows;
 return AOMMIN(max_threads, tile_cols * tile_rows);
}

// Find max worker of all MT stages
int av1_get_max_num_workers(const AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 int max_num_workers = 0;
 for (int i = MOD_FP; i < NUM_MT_MODULES; i++)
   max_num_workers =
       AOMMAX(cpi->ppi->p_mt_info.num_mod_workers[i], max_num_workers);
 assert(max_num_workers >= 1);
 return AOMMIN(max_num_workers, cpi->oxcf.max_threads);
}

// Computes the number of workers for encoding stage (row/tile multi-threading)
static int compute_num_enc_workers(const AV1_COMP *cpi, int max_workers) {
 if (max_workers <= 1) return 1;
 if (cpi->oxcf.row_mt)
   return compute_num_enc_row_mt_workers(&cpi->common, max_workers);
 else
   return compute_num_enc_tile_mt_workers(&cpi->common, max_workers);
}

void av1_encode_tiles_mt(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
 MultiThreadInfo *const mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 const int tile_cols = cm->tiles.cols;
 const int tile_rows = cm->tiles.rows;
 int num_workers = mt_info->num_mod_workers[MOD_ENC];

 assert(IMPLIES(cpi->tile_data == NULL,
                cpi->allocated_tiles < tile_cols * tile_rows));
 if (cpi->allocated_tiles < tile_cols * tile_rows) av1_alloc_tile_data(cpi);

 av1_init_tile_data(cpi);
 num_workers = AOMMIN(num_workers, mt_info->num_workers);

 prepare_enc_workers(cpi, enc_worker_hook, num_workers);
 launch_workers(&cpi->mt_info, num_workers);
 sync_enc_workers(&cpi->mt_info, cm, num_workers);
 accumulate_counters_enc_workers(cpi, num_workers);
}

// Accumulate frame counts. FRAME_COUNTS consist solely of 'unsigned int'
// members, so we treat it as an array, and sum over the whole length.
void av1_accumulate_frame_counts(FRAME_COUNTS *acc_counts,
                                const FRAME_COUNTS *counts) {
 unsigned int *const acc = (unsigned int *)acc_counts;
 const unsigned int *const cnt = (const unsigned int *)counts;

 const unsigned int n_counts = sizeof(FRAME_COUNTS) / sizeof(unsigned int);

 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < n_counts; i++) acc[i] += cnt[i];
}

// Computes the maximum number of sb rows and sb_cols across tiles which are
// used to allocate memory for multi-threaded encoding with row-mt=1.
static inline void compute_max_sb_rows_cols(const AV1_COMMON *cm,
                                           int *max_sb_rows_in_tile,
                                           int *max_sb_cols_in_tile) {
 const int tile_rows = cm->tiles.rows;
 const int mib_size_log2 = cm->seq_params->mib_size_log2;
 const int num_mi_rows = cm->mi_params.mi_rows;
 const int *const row_start_sb = cm->tiles.row_start_sb;
 for (int row = 0; row < tile_rows; row++) {
   const int mi_row_start = row_start_sb[row] << mib_size_log2;
   const int mi_row_end =
       AOMMIN(row_start_sb[row + 1] << mib_size_log2, num_mi_rows);
   const int num_sb_rows_in_tile =
       CEIL_POWER_OF_TWO(mi_row_end - mi_row_start, mib_size_log2);
   *max_sb_rows_in_tile = AOMMAX(*max_sb_rows_in_tile, num_sb_rows_in_tile);
 }

 const int tile_cols = cm->tiles.cols;
 const int num_mi_cols = cm->mi_params.mi_cols;
 const int *const col_start_sb = cm->tiles.col_start_sb;
 for (int col = 0; col < tile_cols; col++) {
   const int mi_col_start = col_start_sb[col] << mib_size_log2;
   const int mi_col_end =
       AOMMIN(col_start_sb[col + 1] << mib_size_log2, num_mi_cols);
   const int num_sb_cols_in_tile =
       CEIL_POWER_OF_TWO(mi_col_end - mi_col_start, mib_size_log2);
   *max_sb_cols_in_tile = AOMMAX(*max_sb_cols_in_tile, num_sb_cols_in_tile);
 }
}

#if !CONFIG_REALTIME_ONLY
// Computes the number of workers for firstpass stage (row/tile multi-threading)
int av1_fp_compute_num_enc_workers(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 AV1_COMMON *cm = &cpi->common;
 const int tile_cols = cm->tiles.cols;
 const int tile_rows = cm->tiles.rows;
 int total_num_threads_row_mt = 0;
 TileInfo tile_info;

 if (cpi->oxcf.max_threads <= 1) return 1;

 for (int row = 0; row < tile_rows; row++) {
   for (int col = 0; col < tile_cols; col++) {
     av1_tile_init(&tile_info, cm, row, col);
     const int num_mb_rows_in_tile =
         av1_get_unit_rows_in_tile(&tile_info, cpi->fp_block_size);
     const int num_mb_cols_in_tile =
         av1_get_unit_cols_in_tile(&tile_info, cpi->fp_block_size);
     total_num_threads_row_mt +=
         AOMMIN((num_mb_cols_in_tile + 1) >> 1, num_mb_rows_in_tile);
   }
 }
 return AOMMIN(cpi->oxcf.max_threads, total_num_threads_row_mt);
}

// Computes the maximum number of mb_rows for row multi-threading of firstpass
// stage
static inline int fp_compute_max_mb_rows(const AV1_COMMON *cm,
                                        BLOCK_SIZE fp_block_size) {
 const int tile_rows = cm->tiles.rows;
 const int unit_height_log2 = mi_size_high_log2[fp_block_size];
 const int mib_size_log2 = cm->seq_params->mib_size_log2;
 const int num_mi_rows = cm->mi_params.mi_rows;
 const int *const row_start_sb = cm->tiles.row_start_sb;
 int max_mb_rows = 0;

 for (int row = 0; row < tile_rows; row++) {
   const int mi_row_start = row_start_sb[row] << mib_size_log2;
   const int mi_row_end =
       AOMMIN(row_start_sb[row + 1] << mib_size_log2, num_mi_rows);
   const int num_mb_rows_in_tile =
       CEIL_POWER_OF_TWO(mi_row_end - mi_row_start, unit_height_log2);
   max_mb_rows = AOMMAX(max_mb_rows, num_mb_rows_in_tile);
 }
 return max_mb_rows;
}
#endif

static void lpf_pipeline_mt_init(AV1_COMP *cpi, int num_workers) {
 // Pipelining of loop-filtering after encoding is enabled when loop-filter
 // level is chosen based on quantizer and frame type. It is disabled in case
 // of 'LOOPFILTER_SELECTIVELY' as the stats collected during encoding stage
 // decides the filter level. Loop-filtering is disabled in case
 // of non-reference frames and for frames with intra block copy tool enabled.
 AV1_COMMON *cm = &cpi->common;
 const int use_loopfilter = is_loopfilter_used(cm);
 const int use_superres = av1_superres_scaled(cm);
 const int use_cdef = is_cdef_used(cm);
 const int use_restoration = is_restoration_used(cm);
 MultiThreadInfo *const mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 MACROBLOCKD *xd = &cpi->td.mb.e_mbd;

 const unsigned int skip_apply_postproc_filters =
     derive_skip_apply_postproc_filters(cpi, use_loopfilter, use_cdef,
                                        use_superres, use_restoration);
 mt_info->pipeline_lpf_mt_with_enc =
     (cpi->oxcf.mode == REALTIME) && (cpi->oxcf.speed >= 5) &&
     (cpi->sf.lpf_sf.lpf_pick == LPF_PICK_FROM_Q) &&
     (cpi->oxcf.algo_cfg.loopfilter_control != LOOPFILTER_SELECTIVELY) &&
     !cpi->ppi->rtc_ref.non_reference_frame && !cm->features.allow_intrabc &&
     ((skip_apply_postproc_filters & SKIP_APPLY_LOOPFILTER) == 0);

 if (!mt_info->pipeline_lpf_mt_with_enc) return;

 set_postproc_filter_default_params(cm);

 if (!use_loopfilter) return;

 const LPF_PICK_METHOD method = cpi->sf.lpf_sf.lpf_pick;
 assert(method == LPF_PICK_FROM_Q);
 assert(cpi->oxcf.algo_cfg.loopfilter_control != LOOPFILTER_SELECTIVELY);

 av1_pick_filter_level(cpi->source, cpi, method);

 struct loopfilter *lf = &cm->lf;
 const int plane_start = 0;
 const int plane_end = av1_num_planes(cm);
 int planes_to_lf[MAX_MB_PLANE];
 if (lpf_mt_with_enc_enabled(cpi->mt_info.pipeline_lpf_mt_with_enc,
                             lf->filter_level)) {
   set_planes_to_loop_filter(lf, planes_to_lf, plane_start, plane_end);
   int lpf_opt_level = get_lpf_opt_level(&cpi->sf);
   assert(lpf_opt_level == 2);

   const int start_mi_row = 0;
   const int end_mi_row = start_mi_row + cm->mi_params.mi_rows;

   av1_loop_filter_frame_init(cm, plane_start, plane_end);

   assert(mt_info->num_mod_workers[MOD_ENC] ==
          mt_info->num_mod_workers[MOD_LPF]);
   loop_filter_frame_mt_init(cm, start_mi_row, end_mi_row, planes_to_lf,
                             mt_info->num_mod_workers[MOD_LPF],
                             &mt_info->lf_row_sync, lpf_opt_level,
                             cm->seq_params->mib_size_log2);

   for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
     EncWorkerData *const thread_data = &mt_info->tile_thr_data[i];
     // Initialize loopfilter data
     thread_data->lf_sync = &mt_info->lf_row_sync;
     thread_data->lf_data = &thread_data->lf_sync->lfdata[i];
     loop_filter_data_reset(thread_data->lf_data, &cm->cur_frame->buf, cm, xd);
   }
 }
}

void av1_encode_tiles_row_mt(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
 MultiThreadInfo *const mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 AV1EncRowMultiThreadInfo *const enc_row_mt = &mt_info->enc_row_mt;
 const int tile_cols = cm->tiles.cols;
 const int tile_rows = cm->tiles.rows;
 const int sb_rows_in_frame = get_sb_rows_in_frame(cm);
 int *thread_id_to_tile_id = enc_row_mt->thread_id_to_tile_id;
 int max_sb_rows_in_tile = 0, max_sb_cols_in_tile = 0;
 int num_workers = mt_info->num_mod_workers[MOD_ENC];

 compute_max_sb_rows_cols(cm, &max_sb_rows_in_tile, &max_sb_cols_in_tile);
 const bool alloc_row_mt_mem =
     (enc_row_mt->allocated_tile_cols != tile_cols ||
      enc_row_mt->allocated_tile_rows != tile_rows ||
      enc_row_mt->allocated_rows != max_sb_rows_in_tile ||
      enc_row_mt->allocated_cols != (max_sb_cols_in_tile - 1) ||
      enc_row_mt->allocated_sb_rows != sb_rows_in_frame);
 const bool alloc_tile_data = cpi->allocated_tiles < tile_cols * tile_rows;

 assert(IMPLIES(cpi->tile_data == NULL, alloc_tile_data));
 if (alloc_tile_data) {
   av1_alloc_tile_data(cpi);
 }

 assert(IMPLIES(alloc_tile_data, alloc_row_mt_mem));
 if (alloc_row_mt_mem) {
   row_mt_mem_alloc(cpi, max_sb_rows_in_tile, max_sb_cols_in_tile,
                    cpi->oxcf.algo_cfg.cdf_update_mode);
 }

 num_workers = AOMMIN(num_workers, mt_info->num_workers);
 lpf_pipeline_mt_init(cpi, num_workers);

 av1_init_tile_data(cpi);

 memset(thread_id_to_tile_id, -1,
        sizeof(*thread_id_to_tile_id) * MAX_NUM_THREADS);
 memset(enc_row_mt->num_tile_cols_done, 0,
        sizeof(*enc_row_mt->num_tile_cols_done) * sb_rows_in_frame);
 enc_row_mt->row_mt_exit = false;

 for (int tile_row = 0; tile_row < tile_rows; tile_row++) {
   for (int tile_col = 0; tile_col < tile_cols; tile_col++) {
     int tile_index = tile_row * tile_cols + tile_col;
     TileDataEnc *const this_tile = &cpi->tile_data[tile_index];
     AV1EncRowMultiThreadSync *const row_mt_sync = &this_tile->row_mt_sync;

     // Initialize num_finished_cols to -1 for all rows.
     memset(row_mt_sync->num_finished_cols, -1,
            sizeof(*row_mt_sync->num_finished_cols) * max_sb_rows_in_tile);
     row_mt_sync->next_mi_row = this_tile->tile_info.mi_row_start;
     row_mt_sync->num_threads_working = 0;
     row_mt_sync->intrabc_extra_top_right_sb_delay =
         av1_get_intrabc_extra_top_right_sb_delay(cm);

     av1_inter_mode_data_init(this_tile);
     av1_zero_above_context(cm, &cpi->td.mb.e_mbd,
                            this_tile->tile_info.mi_col_start,
                            this_tile->tile_info.mi_col_end, tile_row);
   }
 }

 assign_tile_to_thread(thread_id_to_tile_id, tile_cols * tile_rows,
                       num_workers);
 prepare_enc_workers(cpi, enc_row_mt_worker_hook, num_workers);
 launch_workers(&cpi->mt_info, num_workers);
 sync_enc_workers(&cpi->mt_info, cm, num_workers);
 if (cm->delta_q_info.delta_lf_present_flag) update_delta_lf_for_row_mt(cpi);
 accumulate_counters_enc_workers(cpi, num_workers);
}

#if !CONFIG_REALTIME_ONLY
static void dealloc_thread_data_src_diff_buf(AV1_COMP *cpi, int num_workers) {
 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
   EncWorkerData *const thread_data = &cpi->mt_info.tile_thr_data[i];
   if (thread_data->td != &cpi->td)
     av1_dealloc_src_diff_buf(&thread_data->td->mb,
                              av1_num_planes(&cpi->common));
 }
}

void av1_fp_encode_tiles_row_mt(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
 MultiThreadInfo *const mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 AV1EncRowMultiThreadInfo *const enc_row_mt = &mt_info->enc_row_mt;
 const int tile_cols = cm->tiles.cols;
 const int tile_rows = cm->tiles.rows;
 int *thread_id_to_tile_id = enc_row_mt->thread_id_to_tile_id;
 int num_workers = 0;
 int max_mb_rows = 0;

 max_mb_rows = fp_compute_max_mb_rows(cm, cpi->fp_block_size);
 const bool alloc_row_mt_mem = enc_row_mt->allocated_tile_cols != tile_cols ||
                               enc_row_mt->allocated_tile_rows != tile_rows ||
                               enc_row_mt->allocated_rows != max_mb_rows;
 const bool alloc_tile_data = cpi->allocated_tiles < tile_cols * tile_rows;

 assert(IMPLIES(cpi->tile_data == NULL, alloc_tile_data));
 if (alloc_tile_data) {
   av1_alloc_tile_data(cpi);
 }

 assert(IMPLIES(alloc_tile_data, alloc_row_mt_mem));
 if (alloc_row_mt_mem) {
   row_mt_mem_alloc(cpi, max_mb_rows, -1, 0);
 }

 av1_init_tile_data(cpi);

 // For pass = 1, compute the no. of workers needed. For single-pass encode
 // (pass = 0), no. of workers are already computed.
 if (mt_info->num_mod_workers[MOD_FP] == 0)
   num_workers = av1_fp_compute_num_enc_workers(cpi);
 else
   num_workers = mt_info->num_mod_workers[MOD_FP];

 memset(thread_id_to_tile_id, -1,
        sizeof(*thread_id_to_tile_id) * MAX_NUM_THREADS);
 enc_row_mt->firstpass_mt_exit = false;

 for (int tile_row = 0; tile_row < tile_rows; tile_row++) {
   for (int tile_col = 0; tile_col < tile_cols; tile_col++) {
     int tile_index = tile_row * tile_cols + tile_col;
     TileDataEnc *const this_tile = &cpi->tile_data[tile_index];
     AV1EncRowMultiThreadSync *const row_mt_sync = &this_tile->row_mt_sync;

     // Initialize num_finished_cols to -1 for all rows.
     memset(row_mt_sync->num_finished_cols, -1,
            sizeof(*row_mt_sync->num_finished_cols) * max_mb_rows);
     row_mt_sync->next_mi_row = this_tile->tile_info.mi_row_start;
     row_mt_sync->num_threads_working = 0;

     // intraBC mode is not evaluated during first-pass encoding. Hence, no
     // additional top-right delay is required.
     row_mt_sync->intrabc_extra_top_right_sb_delay = 0;
   }
 }

 num_workers = AOMMIN(num_workers, mt_info->num_workers);
 assign_tile_to_thread(thread_id_to_tile_id, tile_cols * tile_rows,
                       num_workers);
 fp_prepare_enc_workers(cpi, fp_enc_row_mt_worker_hook, num_workers);
 launch_workers(&cpi->mt_info, num_workers);
 sync_enc_workers(&cpi->mt_info, cm, num_workers);
 dealloc_thread_data_src_diff_buf(cpi, num_workers);
}

void av1_tpl_row_mt_sync_read_dummy(AV1TplRowMultiThreadSync *tpl_mt_sync,
                                   int r, int c) {
 (void)tpl_mt_sync;
 (void)r;
 (void)c;
}

void av1_tpl_row_mt_sync_write_dummy(AV1TplRowMultiThreadSync *tpl_mt_sync,
                                    int r, int c, int cols) {
 (void)tpl_mt_sync;
 (void)r;
 (void)c;
 (void)cols;
}

void av1_tpl_row_mt_sync_read(AV1TplRowMultiThreadSync *tpl_row_mt_sync, int r,
                             int c) {
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 int nsync = tpl_row_mt_sync->sync_range;

 if (r) {
   pthread_mutex_t *const mutex = &tpl_row_mt_sync->mutex_[r - 1];
   pthread_mutex_lock(mutex);

   while (c > tpl_row_mt_sync->num_finished_cols[r - 1] - nsync)
     pthread_cond_wait(&tpl_row_mt_sync->cond_[r - 1], mutex);
   pthread_mutex_unlock(mutex);
 }
#else
 (void)tpl_row_mt_sync;
 (void)r;
 (void)c;
#endif  // CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
}

void av1_tpl_row_mt_sync_write(AV1TplRowMultiThreadSync *tpl_row_mt_sync, int r,
                              int c, int cols) {
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 int nsync = tpl_row_mt_sync->sync_range;
 int cur;
 // Only signal when there are enough encoded blocks for next row to run.
 int sig = 1;

 if (c < cols - 1) {
   cur = c;
   if (c % nsync) sig = 0;
 } else {
   cur = cols + nsync;
 }

 if (sig) {
   pthread_mutex_lock(&tpl_row_mt_sync->mutex_[r]);

   // When a thread encounters an error, num_finished_cols[r] is set to maximum
   // column number. In this case, the AOMMAX operation here ensures that
   // num_finished_cols[r] is not overwritten with a smaller value thus
   // preventing the infinite waiting of threads in the relevant sync_read()
   // function.
   tpl_row_mt_sync->num_finished_cols[r] =
       AOMMAX(tpl_row_mt_sync->num_finished_cols[r], cur);

   pthread_cond_signal(&tpl_row_mt_sync->cond_[r]);
   pthread_mutex_unlock(&tpl_row_mt_sync->mutex_[r]);
 }
#else
 (void)tpl_row_mt_sync;
 (void)r;
 (void)c;
 (void)cols;
#endif  // CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
}

static inline void set_mode_estimation_done(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 const CommonModeInfoParams *const mi_params = &cpi->common.mi_params;
 TplParams *const tpl_data = &cpi->ppi->tpl_data;
 const BLOCK_SIZE bsize =
     convert_length_to_bsize(cpi->ppi->tpl_data.tpl_bsize_1d);
 const int mi_height = mi_size_high[bsize];
 AV1TplRowMultiThreadInfo *const tpl_row_mt = &cpi->mt_info.tpl_row_mt;
 const int tplb_cols_in_tile =
     ROUND_POWER_OF_TWO(mi_params->mi_cols, mi_size_wide_log2[bsize]);
 // In case of tpl row-multithreading, due to top-right dependency, the worker
 // on an mb_row waits for the completion of the tpl processing of the top and
 // top-right blocks. Hence, in case a thread (main/worker) encounters an
 // error, update that the tpl processing of every mb_row in the frame is
 // complete in order to avoid dependent workers waiting indefinitely.
 for (int mi_row = 0, tplb_row = 0; mi_row < mi_params->mi_rows;
      mi_row += mi_height, tplb_row++) {
   (*tpl_row_mt->sync_write_ptr)(&tpl_data->tpl_mt_sync, tplb_row,
                                 tplb_cols_in_tile - 1, tplb_cols_in_tile);
 }
}

// Each worker calls tpl_worker_hook() and computes the tpl data.
static int tpl_worker_hook(void *arg1, void *unused) {
 (void)unused;
 EncWorkerData *thread_data = (EncWorkerData *)arg1;
 AV1_COMP *cpi = thread_data->cpi;
 AV1_COMMON *cm = &cpi->common;
 MACROBLOCK *x = &thread_data->td->mb;
 MACROBLOCKD *xd = &x->e_mbd;
 TplTxfmStats *tpl_txfm_stats = &thread_data->td->tpl_txfm_stats;
 TplBuffers *tpl_tmp_buffers = &thread_data->td->tpl_tmp_buffers;
 CommonModeInfoParams *mi_params = &cm->mi_params;
 int num_active_workers = cpi->ppi->tpl_data.tpl_mt_sync.num_threads_working;

 struct aom_internal_error_info *const error_info = &thread_data->error_info;
 xd->error_info = error_info;
 AV1TplRowMultiThreadInfo *const tpl_row_mt = &cpi->mt_info.tpl_row_mt;
 (void)tpl_row_mt;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 pthread_mutex_t *tpl_error_mutex_ = tpl_row_mt->mutex_;
#endif

 // The jmp_buf is valid only for the duration of the function that calls
 // setjmp(). Therefore, this function must reset the 'setjmp' field to 0
 // before it returns.
 if (setjmp(error_info->jmp)) {
   error_info->setjmp = 0;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_lock(tpl_error_mutex_);
   tpl_row_mt->tpl_mt_exit = true;
   pthread_mutex_unlock(tpl_error_mutex_);
#endif
   set_mode_estimation_done(cpi);
   return 0;
 }
 error_info->setjmp = 1;

 BLOCK_SIZE bsize = convert_length_to_bsize(cpi->ppi->tpl_data.tpl_bsize_1d);
 TX_SIZE tx_size = max_txsize_lookup[bsize];
 int mi_height = mi_size_high[bsize];

 av1_init_tpl_txfm_stats(tpl_txfm_stats);

 for (int mi_row = thread_data->start * mi_height; mi_row < mi_params->mi_rows;
      mi_row += num_active_workers * mi_height) {
   // Motion estimation row boundary
   av1_set_mv_row_limits(mi_params, &x->mv_limits, mi_row, mi_height,
                         cpi->oxcf.border_in_pixels);
   xd->mb_to_top_edge = -GET_MV_SUBPEL(mi_row * MI_SIZE);
   xd->mb_to_bottom_edge =
       GET_MV_SUBPEL((mi_params->mi_rows - mi_height - mi_row) * MI_SIZE);
   av1_mc_flow_dispenser_row(cpi, tpl_txfm_stats, tpl_tmp_buffers, x, mi_row,
                             bsize, tx_size);
 }
 error_info->setjmp = 0;
 return 1;
}

// Deallocate tpl synchronization related mutex and data.
void av1_tpl_dealloc(AV1TplRowMultiThreadSync *tpl_sync) {
 assert(tpl_sync != NULL);

#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 if (tpl_sync->mutex_ != NULL) {
   for (int i = 0; i < tpl_sync->rows; ++i)
     pthread_mutex_destroy(&tpl_sync->mutex_[i]);
   aom_free(tpl_sync->mutex_);
 }
 if (tpl_sync->cond_ != NULL) {
   for (int i = 0; i < tpl_sync->rows; ++i)
     pthread_cond_destroy(&tpl_sync->cond_[i]);
   aom_free(tpl_sync->cond_);
 }
#endif  // CONFIG_MULTITHREAD

 aom_free(tpl_sync->num_finished_cols);
 // clear the structure as the source of this call may be a resize in which
 // case this call will be followed by an _alloc() which may fail.
 av1_zero(*tpl_sync);
}

// Allocate memory for tpl row synchronization.
static void av1_tpl_alloc(AV1TplRowMultiThreadSync *tpl_sync, AV1_COMMON *cm,
                         int mb_rows) {
 tpl_sync->rows = mb_rows;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 {
   CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, tpl_sync->mutex_,
                   aom_malloc(sizeof(*tpl_sync->mutex_) * mb_rows));
   if (tpl_sync->mutex_) {
     for (int i = 0; i < mb_rows; ++i)
       pthread_mutex_init(&tpl_sync->mutex_[i], NULL);
   }

   CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, tpl_sync->cond_,
                   aom_malloc(sizeof(*tpl_sync->cond_) * mb_rows));
   if (tpl_sync->cond_) {
     for (int i = 0; i < mb_rows; ++i)
       pthread_cond_init(&tpl_sync->cond_[i], NULL);
   }
 }
#endif  // CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 CHECK_MEM_ERROR(cm, tpl_sync->num_finished_cols,
                 aom_malloc(sizeof(*tpl_sync->num_finished_cols) * mb_rows));

 // Set up nsync.
 tpl_sync->sync_range = 1;
}

// Each worker is prepared by assigning the hook function and individual thread
// data.
static inline void prepare_tpl_workers(AV1_COMP *cpi, AVxWorkerHook hook,
                                      int num_workers) {
 MultiThreadInfo *mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
   AVxWorker *worker = &mt_info->workers[i];
   EncWorkerData *thread_data = &mt_info->tile_thr_data[i];

   worker->hook = hook;
   worker->data1 = thread_data;
   worker->data2 = NULL;

   thread_data->thread_id = i;
   // Set the starting tile for each thread.
   thread_data->start = i;

   thread_data->cpi = cpi;
   if (i == 0) {
     thread_data->td = &cpi->td;
   } else {
     thread_data->td = thread_data->original_td;
   }

   // Before encoding a frame, copy the thread data from cpi.
   if (thread_data->td != &cpi->td) {
     thread_data->td->mb = cpi->td.mb;
     // OBMC buffers are used only to init MS params and remain unused when
     // called from tpl, hence set the buffers to defaults.
     av1_init_obmc_buffer(&thread_data->td->mb.obmc_buffer);
     if (!tpl_alloc_temp_buffers(&thread_data->td->tpl_tmp_buffers,
                                 cpi->ppi->tpl_data.tpl_bsize_1d)) {
       aom_internal_error(cpi->common.error, AOM_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                          "Error allocating tpl data");
     }
     thread_data->td->mb.tmp_conv_dst = thread_data->td->tmp_conv_dst;
     thread_data->td->mb.e_mbd.tmp_conv_dst = thread_data->td->mb.tmp_conv_dst;
   }
 }
}

#if CONFIG_BITRATE_ACCURACY
// Accumulate transform stats after tpl.
static void tpl_accumulate_txfm_stats(ThreadData *main_td,
                                     const MultiThreadInfo *mt_info,
                                     int num_workers) {
 TplTxfmStats *accumulated_stats = &main_td->tpl_txfm_stats;
 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
   AVxWorker *const worker = &mt_info->workers[i];
   EncWorkerData *const thread_data = (EncWorkerData *)worker->data1;
   ThreadData *td = thread_data->td;
   if (td != main_td) {
     const TplTxfmStats *tpl_txfm_stats = &td->tpl_txfm_stats;
     av1_accumulate_tpl_txfm_stats(tpl_txfm_stats, accumulated_stats);
   }
 }
}
#endif  // CONFIG_BITRATE_ACCURACY

// Implements multi-threading for tpl.
void av1_mc_flow_dispenser_mt(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 AV1_COMMON *cm = &cpi->common;
 CommonModeInfoParams *mi_params = &cm->mi_params;
 MultiThreadInfo *mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 TplParams *tpl_data = &cpi->ppi->tpl_data;
 AV1TplRowMultiThreadSync *tpl_sync = &tpl_data->tpl_mt_sync;
 int mb_rows = mi_params->mb_rows;
 int num_workers =
     AOMMIN(mt_info->num_mod_workers[MOD_TPL], mt_info->num_workers);

 if (mb_rows != tpl_sync->rows) {
   av1_tpl_dealloc(tpl_sync);
   av1_tpl_alloc(tpl_sync, cm, mb_rows);
 }
 tpl_sync->num_threads_working = num_workers;
 mt_info->tpl_row_mt.tpl_mt_exit = false;

 // Initialize cur_mb_col to -1 for all MB rows.
 memset(tpl_sync->num_finished_cols, -1,
        sizeof(*tpl_sync->num_finished_cols) * mb_rows);

 prepare_tpl_workers(cpi, tpl_worker_hook, num_workers);
 launch_workers(&cpi->mt_info, num_workers);
 sync_enc_workers(&cpi->mt_info, cm, num_workers);
#if CONFIG_BITRATE_ACCURACY
 tpl_accumulate_txfm_stats(&cpi->td, &cpi->mt_info, num_workers);
#endif  // CONFIG_BITRATE_ACCURACY
 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
   EncWorkerData *thread_data = &mt_info->tile_thr_data[i];
   ThreadData *td = thread_data->td;
   if (td != &cpi->td) tpl_dealloc_temp_buffers(&td->tpl_tmp_buffers);
 }
}

// Deallocate memory for temporal filter multi-thread synchronization.
void av1_tf_mt_dealloc(AV1TemporalFilterSync *tf_sync) {
 assert(tf_sync != NULL);
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 if (tf_sync->mutex_ != NULL) {
   pthread_mutex_destroy(tf_sync->mutex_);
   aom_free(tf_sync->mutex_);
 }
#endif  // CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 tf_sync->next_tf_row = 0;
}

// Checks if a job is available. If job is available,
// populates next_tf_row and returns 1, else returns 0.
static inline int tf_get_next_job(AV1TemporalFilterSync *tf_mt_sync,
                                 int *current_mb_row, int mb_rows) {
 int do_next_row = 0;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 pthread_mutex_t *tf_mutex_ = tf_mt_sync->mutex_;
 pthread_mutex_lock(tf_mutex_);
#endif
 if (!tf_mt_sync->tf_mt_exit && tf_mt_sync->next_tf_row < mb_rows) {
   *current_mb_row = tf_mt_sync->next_tf_row;
   tf_mt_sync->next_tf_row++;
   do_next_row = 1;
 }
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 pthread_mutex_unlock(tf_mutex_);
#endif
 return do_next_row;
}

// Hook function for each thread in temporal filter multi-threading.
static int tf_worker_hook(void *arg1, void *unused) {
 (void)unused;
 EncWorkerData *thread_data = (EncWorkerData *)arg1;
 AV1_COMP *cpi = thread_data->cpi;
 ThreadData *td = thread_data->td;
 TemporalFilterCtx *tf_ctx = &cpi->tf_ctx;
 AV1TemporalFilterSync *tf_sync = &cpi->mt_info.tf_sync;
 const struct scale_factors *scale = &cpi->tf_ctx.sf;

#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 pthread_mutex_t *tf_mutex_ = tf_sync->mutex_;
#endif
 MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &thread_data->td->mb.e_mbd;
 struct aom_internal_error_info *const error_info = &thread_data->error_info;
 xd->error_info = error_info;

 // The jmp_buf is valid only for the duration of the function that calls
 // setjmp(). Therefore, this function must reset the 'setjmp' field to 0
 // before it returns.
 if (setjmp(error_info->jmp)) {
   error_info->setjmp = 0;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_lock(tf_mutex_);
   tf_sync->tf_mt_exit = true;
   pthread_mutex_unlock(tf_mutex_);
#endif
   return 0;
 }
 error_info->setjmp = 1;

 const int num_planes = av1_num_planes(&cpi->common);
 assert(num_planes >= 1 && num_planes <= MAX_MB_PLANE);

 MACROBLOCKD *mbd = &td->mb.e_mbd;
 uint8_t *input_buffer[MAX_MB_PLANE];
 MB_MODE_INFO **input_mb_mode_info;
 tf_save_state(mbd, &input_mb_mode_info, input_buffer, num_planes);
 tf_setup_macroblockd(mbd, &td->tf_data, scale);

 int current_mb_row = -1;

 while (tf_get_next_job(tf_sync, &current_mb_row, tf_ctx->mb_rows))
   av1_tf_do_filtering_row(cpi, td, current_mb_row);

 tf_restore_state(mbd, input_mb_mode_info, input_buffer, num_planes);

 error_info->setjmp = 0;
 return 1;
}

// Assigns temporal filter hook function and thread data to each worker.
static void prepare_tf_workers(AV1_COMP *cpi, AVxWorkerHook hook,
                              int num_workers, int is_highbitdepth) {
 MultiThreadInfo *mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 mt_info->tf_sync.next_tf_row = 0;
 mt_info->tf_sync.tf_mt_exit = false;
 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
   AVxWorker *worker = &mt_info->workers[i];
   EncWorkerData *thread_data = &mt_info->tile_thr_data[i];

   worker->hook = hook;
   worker->data1 = thread_data;
   worker->data2 = NULL;

   thread_data->thread_id = i;
   // Set the starting tile for each thread.
   thread_data->start = i;

   thread_data->cpi = cpi;
   if (i == 0) {
     thread_data->td = &cpi->td;
   } else {
     thread_data->td = thread_data->original_td;
   }

   // Before encoding a frame, copy the thread data from cpi.
   if (thread_data->td != &cpi->td) {
     thread_data->td->mb = cpi->td.mb;
     // OBMC buffers are used only to init MS params and remain unused when
     // called from tf, hence set the buffers to defaults.
     av1_init_obmc_buffer(&thread_data->td->mb.obmc_buffer);
     if (!tf_alloc_and_reset_data(&thread_data->td->tf_data,
                                  cpi->tf_ctx.num_pels, is_highbitdepth)) {
       aom_internal_error(cpi->common.error, AOM_CODEC_MEM_ERROR,
                          "Error allocating temporal filter data");
     }
   }
 }
}

// Deallocate thread specific data for temporal filter.
static void tf_dealloc_thread_data(AV1_COMP *cpi, int num_workers,
                                  int is_highbitdepth) {
 MultiThreadInfo *mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
   EncWorkerData *thread_data = &mt_info->tile_thr_data[i];
   ThreadData *td = thread_data->td;
   if (td != &cpi->td) tf_dealloc_data(&td->tf_data, is_highbitdepth);
 }
}

// Accumulate sse and sum after temporal filtering.
static void tf_accumulate_frame_diff(AV1_COMP *cpi, int num_workers) {
 FRAME_DIFF *total_diff = &cpi->td.tf_data.diff;
 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
   AVxWorker *const worker = &cpi->mt_info.workers[i];
   EncWorkerData *const thread_data = (EncWorkerData *)worker->data1;
   ThreadData *td = thread_data->td;
   FRAME_DIFF *diff = &td->tf_data.diff;
   if (td != &cpi->td) {
     total_diff->sse += diff->sse;
     total_diff->sum += diff->sum;
   }
 }
}

// Implements multi-threading for temporal filter.
void av1_tf_do_filtering_mt(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 AV1_COMMON *cm = &cpi->common;
 MultiThreadInfo *mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 const int is_highbitdepth = cpi->tf_ctx.is_highbitdepth;

 int num_workers =
     AOMMIN(mt_info->num_mod_workers[MOD_TF], mt_info->num_workers);

 prepare_tf_workers(cpi, tf_worker_hook, num_workers, is_highbitdepth);
 launch_workers(mt_info, num_workers);
 sync_enc_workers(mt_info, cm, num_workers);
 tf_accumulate_frame_diff(cpi, num_workers);
 tf_dealloc_thread_data(cpi, num_workers, is_highbitdepth);
}

// Checks if a job is available in the current direction. If a job is available,
// frame_idx will be populated and returns 1, else returns 0.
static inline int get_next_gm_job(AV1_COMP *cpi, int *frame_idx, int cur_dir) {
 GlobalMotionInfo *gm_info = &cpi->gm_info;
 GlobalMotionJobInfo *job_info = &cpi->mt_info.gm_sync.job_info;

 int total_refs = gm_info->num_ref_frames[cur_dir];
 int8_t cur_frame_to_process = job_info->next_frame_to_process[cur_dir];

 if (cur_frame_to_process < total_refs && !job_info->early_exit[cur_dir]) {
   *frame_idx = gm_info->reference_frames[cur_dir][cur_frame_to_process].frame;
   job_info->next_frame_to_process[cur_dir] += 1;
   return 1;
 }
 return 0;
}

// Switches the current direction and calls the function get_next_gm_job() if
// the speed feature 'prune_ref_frame_for_gm_search' is not set.
static inline void switch_direction(AV1_COMP *cpi, int *frame_idx,
                                   int *cur_dir) {
 if (cpi->sf.gm_sf.prune_ref_frame_for_gm_search) return;
 // Switch the direction and get next job
 *cur_dir = !(*cur_dir);
 get_next_gm_job(cpi, frame_idx, *(cur_dir));
}

// Hook function for each thread in global motion multi-threading.
static int gm_mt_worker_hook(void *arg1, void *unused) {
 (void)unused;

 EncWorkerData *thread_data = (EncWorkerData *)arg1;
 AV1_COMP *cpi = thread_data->cpi;
 GlobalMotionInfo *gm_info = &cpi->gm_info;
 AV1GlobalMotionSync *gm_sync = &cpi->mt_info.gm_sync;
 GlobalMotionJobInfo *job_info = &gm_sync->job_info;
 int thread_id = thread_data->thread_id;
 GlobalMotionData *gm_thread_data = &thread_data->td->gm_data;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 pthread_mutex_t *gm_mt_mutex_ = gm_sync->mutex_;
#endif

 MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &thread_data->td->mb.e_mbd;
 struct aom_internal_error_info *const error_info = &thread_data->error_info;
 xd->error_info = error_info;

 // The jmp_buf is valid only for the duration of the function that calls
 // setjmp(). Therefore, this function must reset the 'setjmp' field to 0
 // before it returns.
 if (setjmp(error_info->jmp)) {
   error_info->setjmp = 0;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_lock(gm_mt_mutex_);
   gm_sync->gm_mt_exit = true;
   pthread_mutex_unlock(gm_mt_mutex_);
#endif
   return 0;
 }
 error_info->setjmp = 1;

 int cur_dir = job_info->thread_id_to_dir[thread_id];
 bool gm_mt_exit = false;
 while (1) {
   int ref_buf_idx = -1;

#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_lock(gm_mt_mutex_);
#endif

   gm_mt_exit = gm_sync->gm_mt_exit;
   // Populates ref_buf_idx(the reference frame type) for which global motion
   // estimation will be done.
   if (!gm_mt_exit && !get_next_gm_job(cpi, &ref_buf_idx, cur_dir)) {
     // No jobs are available for the current direction. Switch
     // to other direction and get the next job, if available.
     switch_direction(cpi, &ref_buf_idx, &cur_dir);
   }

#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_unlock(gm_mt_mutex_);
#endif

   // When gm_mt_exit is set to true, other workers need not pursue any
   // further jobs.
   if (gm_mt_exit || ref_buf_idx == -1) break;

   // Compute global motion for the given ref_buf_idx.
   av1_compute_gm_for_valid_ref_frames(
       cpi, error_info, gm_info->ref_buf, ref_buf_idx,
       gm_thread_data->motion_models, gm_thread_data->segment_map,
       gm_info->segment_map_w, gm_info->segment_map_h);

#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_lock(gm_mt_mutex_);
#endif
   // If global motion w.r.t. current ref frame is
   // INVALID/TRANSLATION/IDENTITY, skip the evaluation of global motion w.r.t
   // the remaining ref frames in that direction.
   if (cpi->sf.gm_sf.prune_ref_frame_for_gm_search &&
       cpi->common.global_motion[ref_buf_idx].wmtype <= TRANSLATION)
     job_info->early_exit[cur_dir] = 1;

#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_unlock(gm_mt_mutex_);
#endif
 }
 error_info->setjmp = 0;
 return 1;
}

// Assigns global motion hook function and thread data to each worker.
static inline void prepare_gm_workers(AV1_COMP *cpi, AVxWorkerHook hook,
                                     int num_workers) {
 MultiThreadInfo *mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 mt_info->gm_sync.gm_mt_exit = false;
 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
   AVxWorker *worker = &mt_info->workers[i];
   EncWorkerData *thread_data = &mt_info->tile_thr_data[i];

   worker->hook = hook;
   worker->data1 = thread_data;
   worker->data2 = NULL;

   thread_data->thread_id = i;
   // Set the starting tile for each thread.
   thread_data->start = i;

   thread_data->cpi = cpi;
   if (i == 0) {
     thread_data->td = &cpi->td;
   } else {
     thread_data->td = thread_data->original_td;
   }

   if (thread_data->td != &cpi->td)
     gm_alloc_data(cpi, &thread_data->td->gm_data);
 }
}

// Assigns available threads to past/future direction.
static inline void assign_thread_to_dir(int8_t *thread_id_to_dir,
                                       int num_workers) {
 int8_t frame_dir_idx = 0;

 for (int i = 0; i < num_workers; i++) {
   thread_id_to_dir[i] = frame_dir_idx++;
   if (frame_dir_idx == MAX_DIRECTIONS) frame_dir_idx = 0;
 }
}

// Computes number of workers for global motion multi-threading.
static inline int compute_gm_workers(const AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 int total_refs =
     cpi->gm_info.num_ref_frames[0] + cpi->gm_info.num_ref_frames[1];
 int num_gm_workers = cpi->sf.gm_sf.prune_ref_frame_for_gm_search
                          ? AOMMIN(MAX_DIRECTIONS, total_refs)
                          : total_refs;
 num_gm_workers = AOMMIN(num_gm_workers, cpi->mt_info.num_workers);
 return (num_gm_workers);
}

// Frees the memory allocated for each worker in global motion multi-threading.
static inline void gm_dealloc_thread_data(AV1_COMP *cpi, int num_workers) {
 MultiThreadInfo *mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 for (int j = 0; j < num_workers; j++) {
   EncWorkerData *thread_data = &mt_info->tile_thr_data[j];
   ThreadData *td = thread_data->td;
   if (td != &cpi->td) gm_dealloc_data(&td->gm_data);
 }
}

// Implements multi-threading for global motion.
void av1_global_motion_estimation_mt(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 GlobalMotionJobInfo *job_info = &cpi->mt_info.gm_sync.job_info;

 av1_zero(*job_info);

 int num_workers = compute_gm_workers(cpi);

 assign_thread_to_dir(job_info->thread_id_to_dir, num_workers);
 prepare_gm_workers(cpi, gm_mt_worker_hook, num_workers);
 launch_workers(&cpi->mt_info, num_workers);
 sync_enc_workers(&cpi->mt_info, &cpi->common, num_workers);
 gm_dealloc_thread_data(cpi, num_workers);
}
#endif  // !CONFIG_REALTIME_ONLY

static inline int get_next_job_allintra(
   AV1EncRowMultiThreadSync *const row_mt_sync, const int mi_row_end,
   int *current_mi_row, int mib_size) {
 if (row_mt_sync->next_mi_row < mi_row_end) {
   *current_mi_row = row_mt_sync->next_mi_row;
   row_mt_sync->num_threads_working++;
   row_mt_sync->next_mi_row += mib_size;
   return 1;
 }
 return 0;
}

static inline void prepare_wiener_var_workers(AV1_COMP *const cpi,
                                             AVxWorkerHook hook,
                                             const int num_workers) {
 MultiThreadInfo *const mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
   AVxWorker *const worker = &mt_info->workers[i];
   EncWorkerData *const thread_data = &mt_info->tile_thr_data[i];

   worker->hook = hook;
   worker->data1 = thread_data;
   worker->data2 = NULL;

   thread_data->thread_id = i;
   // Set the starting tile for each thread, in this case the preprocessing
   // stage does not need tiles. So we set it to 0.
   thread_data->start = 0;

   thread_data->cpi = cpi;
   if (i == 0) {
     thread_data->td = &cpi->td;
   } else {
     thread_data->td = thread_data->original_td;
   }

   if (thread_data->td != &cpi->td) {
     thread_data->td->mb = cpi->td.mb;
     av1_alloc_mb_wiener_var_pred_buf(&cpi->common, thread_data->td);
   }
 }
}

static void set_mb_wiener_var_calc_done(AV1_COMP *const cpi) {
 const CommonModeInfoParams *const mi_params = &cpi->common.mi_params;
 const BLOCK_SIZE bsize = cpi->weber_bsize;
 const int mb_step = mi_size_wide[bsize];
 assert(MB_WIENER_MT_UNIT_SIZE < BLOCK_SIZES_ALL);
 const int mt_unit_step = mi_size_wide[MB_WIENER_MT_UNIT_SIZE];
 const int mt_unit_cols =
     (mi_params->mi_cols + (mt_unit_step >> 1)) / mt_unit_step;
 const AV1EncAllIntraMultiThreadInfo *const intra_mt = &cpi->mt_info.intra_mt;
 AV1EncRowMultiThreadSync *const intra_row_mt_sync =
     &cpi->ppi->intra_row_mt_sync;

 // Update the wiener variance computation of every row in the frame to
 // indicate that it is complete in order to avoid dependent workers waiting
 // indefinitely.
 for (int mi_row = 0, mt_thread_id = 0; mi_row < mi_params->mi_rows;
      mi_row += mb_step, ++mt_thread_id) {
   intra_mt->intra_sync_write_ptr(intra_row_mt_sync, mt_thread_id,
                                  mt_unit_cols - 1, mt_unit_cols);
 }
}

static int cal_mb_wiener_var_hook(void *arg1, void *unused) {
 (void)unused;
 EncWorkerData *const thread_data = (EncWorkerData *)arg1;
 AV1_COMP *const cpi = thread_data->cpi;
 MACROBLOCK *x = &thread_data->td->mb;
 MACROBLOCKD *xd = &x->e_mbd;
 const BLOCK_SIZE bsize = cpi->weber_bsize;
 const int mb_step = mi_size_wide[bsize];
 AV1EncRowMultiThreadSync *const intra_row_mt_sync =
     &cpi->ppi->intra_row_mt_sync;
 AV1EncRowMultiThreadInfo *const enc_row_mt = &cpi->mt_info.enc_row_mt;
 (void)enc_row_mt;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 pthread_mutex_t *enc_row_mt_mutex = enc_row_mt->mutex_;
#endif

 struct aom_internal_error_info *const error_info = &thread_data->error_info;
 xd->error_info = error_info;

 // The jmp_buf is valid only for the duration of the function that calls
 // setjmp(). Therefore, this function must reset the 'setjmp' field to 0
 // before it returns.
 if (setjmp(error_info->jmp)) {
   error_info->setjmp = 0;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_lock(enc_row_mt_mutex);
   enc_row_mt->mb_wiener_mt_exit = true;
   pthread_mutex_unlock(enc_row_mt_mutex);
#endif
   set_mb_wiener_var_calc_done(cpi);
   return 0;
 }
 error_info->setjmp = 1;
 DECLARE_ALIGNED(32, int16_t, src_diff[32 * 32]);
 DECLARE_ALIGNED(32, tran_low_t, coeff[32 * 32]);
 DECLARE_ALIGNED(32, tran_low_t, qcoeff[32 * 32]);
 DECLARE_ALIGNED(32, tran_low_t, dqcoeff[32 * 32]);
 double sum_rec_distortion = 0;
 double sum_est_rate = 0;
 while (1) {
   int current_mi_row = -1;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_lock(enc_row_mt_mutex);
#endif
   int has_jobs = enc_row_mt->mb_wiener_mt_exit
                      ? 0
                      : get_next_job_allintra(intra_row_mt_sync,
                                              cpi->common.mi_params.mi_rows,
                                              &current_mi_row, mb_step);
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_unlock(enc_row_mt_mutex);
#endif
   if (!has_jobs) break;
   // TODO(chengchen): properly accumulate the distortion and rate.
   av1_calc_mb_wiener_var_row(cpi, x, xd, current_mi_row, src_diff, coeff,
                              qcoeff, dqcoeff, &sum_rec_distortion,
                              &sum_est_rate,
                              thread_data->td->wiener_tmp_pred_buf);
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_lock(enc_row_mt_mutex);
#endif
   intra_row_mt_sync->num_threads_working--;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_unlock(enc_row_mt_mutex);
#endif
 }
 error_info->setjmp = 0;
 return 1;
}

static void dealloc_mb_wiener_var_mt_data(AV1_COMP *cpi, int num_workers) {
 av1_row_mt_sync_mem_dealloc(&cpi->ppi->intra_row_mt_sync);

 MultiThreadInfo *mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 for (int j = 0; j < num_workers; ++j) {
   EncWorkerData *thread_data = &mt_info->tile_thr_data[j];
   ThreadData *td = thread_data->td;
   if (td != &cpi->td) av1_dealloc_mb_wiener_var_pred_buf(td);
 }
}

// This function is the multi-threading version of computing the wiener
// variance.
// Note that the wiener variance is used for allintra mode (1 pass) and its
// computation is before the frame encoding, so we don't need to consider
// the number of tiles, instead we allocate all available threads to
// the computation.
void av1_calc_mb_wiener_var_mt(AV1_COMP *cpi, int num_workers,
                              double *sum_rec_distortion,
                              double *sum_est_rate) {
 (void)sum_rec_distortion;
 (void)sum_est_rate;
 AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
 MultiThreadInfo *const mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 AV1EncRowMultiThreadSync *const intra_row_mt_sync =
     &cpi->ppi->intra_row_mt_sync;

 // TODO(chengchen): the memory usage could be improved.
 const int mi_rows = cm->mi_params.mi_rows;
 row_mt_sync_mem_alloc(intra_row_mt_sync, cm, mi_rows);

 intra_row_mt_sync->intrabc_extra_top_right_sb_delay = 0;
 intra_row_mt_sync->num_threads_working = num_workers;
 intra_row_mt_sync->next_mi_row = 0;
 memset(intra_row_mt_sync->num_finished_cols, -1,
        sizeof(*intra_row_mt_sync->num_finished_cols) * mi_rows);
 mt_info->enc_row_mt.mb_wiener_mt_exit = false;

 prepare_wiener_var_workers(cpi, cal_mb_wiener_var_hook, num_workers);
 launch_workers(mt_info, num_workers);
 sync_enc_workers(mt_info, cm, num_workers);
 dealloc_mb_wiener_var_mt_data(cpi, num_workers);
}

// Compare and order tiles based on absolute sum of tx coeffs.
static int compare_tile_order(const void *a, const void *b) {
 const PackBSTileOrder *const tile_a = (const PackBSTileOrder *)a;
 const PackBSTileOrder *const tile_b = (const PackBSTileOrder *)b;

 if (tile_a->abs_sum_level > tile_b->abs_sum_level)
   return -1;
 else if (tile_a->abs_sum_level == tile_b->abs_sum_level)
   return (tile_a->tile_idx > tile_b->tile_idx ? 1 : -1);
 else
   return 1;
}

// Get next tile index to be processed for pack bitstream
static inline int get_next_pack_bs_tile_idx(
   AV1EncPackBSSync *const pack_bs_sync, const int num_tiles) {
 assert(pack_bs_sync->next_job_idx <= num_tiles);
 if (pack_bs_sync->next_job_idx == num_tiles) return -1;

 return pack_bs_sync->pack_bs_tile_order[pack_bs_sync->next_job_idx++]
     .tile_idx;
}

// Calculates bitstream chunk size based on total buffer size and tile or tile
// group size.
static inline size_t get_bs_chunk_size(int tg_or_tile_size,
                                      const int frame_or_tg_size,
                                      size_t *remain_buf_size,
                                      size_t max_buf_size, int is_last_chunk) {
 size_t this_chunk_size;
 assert(*remain_buf_size > 0);
 if (is_last_chunk) {
   this_chunk_size = *remain_buf_size;
   *remain_buf_size = 0;
 } else {
   const uint64_t size_scale = (uint64_t)max_buf_size * tg_or_tile_size;
   this_chunk_size = (size_t)(size_scale / frame_or_tg_size);
   *remain_buf_size -= this_chunk_size;
   assert(*remain_buf_size > 0);
 }
 assert(this_chunk_size > 0);
 return this_chunk_size;
}

// Initializes params required for pack bitstream tile.
static void init_tile_pack_bs_params(AV1_COMP *const cpi, uint8_t *const dst,
                                    struct aom_write_bit_buffer *saved_wb,
                                    PackBSParams *const pack_bs_params_arr,
                                    uint8_t obu_extn_header) {
 MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &cpi->td.mb.e_mbd;
 AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
 const CommonTileParams *const tiles = &cm->tiles;
 const int num_tiles = tiles->cols * tiles->rows;
 // Fixed size tile groups for the moment
 const int num_tg_hdrs = cpi->num_tg;
 // Tile group size in terms of number of tiles.
 const int tg_size_in_tiles = (num_tiles + num_tg_hdrs - 1) / num_tg_hdrs;
 uint8_t *tile_dst = dst;
 uint8_t *tile_data_curr = dst;
 // Max tile group count can not be more than MAX_TILES.
 int tg_size_mi[MAX_TILES] = { 0 };  // Size of tile group in mi units
 int tile_idx;
 int tg_idx = 0;
 int tile_count_in_tg = 0;
 int new_tg = 1;

 // Populate pack bitstream params of all tiles.
 for (tile_idx = 0; tile_idx < num_tiles; tile_idx++) {
   const TileInfo *const tile_info = &cpi->tile_data[tile_idx].tile_info;
   PackBSParams *const pack_bs_params = &pack_bs_params_arr[tile_idx];
   // Calculate tile size in mi units.
   const int tile_size_mi = (tile_info->mi_col_end - tile_info->mi_col_start) *
                            (tile_info->mi_row_end - tile_info->mi_row_start);
   int is_last_tile_in_tg = 0;
   tile_count_in_tg++;
   if (tile_count_in_tg == tg_size_in_tiles || tile_idx == (num_tiles - 1))
     is_last_tile_in_tg = 1;

   // Populate pack bitstream params of this tile.
   pack_bs_params->curr_tg_hdr_size = 0;
   pack_bs_params->obu_extn_header = obu_extn_header;
   pack_bs_params->saved_wb = saved_wb;
   pack_bs_params->obu_header_size = 0;
   pack_bs_params->is_last_tile_in_tg = is_last_tile_in_tg;
   pack_bs_params->new_tg = new_tg;
   pack_bs_params->tile_col = tile_info->tile_col;
   pack_bs_params->tile_row = tile_info->tile_row;
   pack_bs_params->tile_size_mi = tile_size_mi;
   tg_size_mi[tg_idx] += tile_size_mi;

   if (new_tg) new_tg = 0;
   if (is_last_tile_in_tg) {
     tile_count_in_tg = 0;
     new_tg = 1;
     tg_idx++;
   }
 }

 assert(cpi->available_bs_size > 0);
 size_t tg_buf_size[MAX_TILES] = { 0 };
 size_t max_buf_size = cpi->available_bs_size;
 size_t remain_buf_size = max_buf_size;
 const int frame_size_mi = cm->mi_params.mi_rows * cm->mi_params.mi_cols;

 tile_idx = 0;
 // Prepare obu, tile group and frame header of each tile group.
 for (tg_idx = 0; tg_idx < cpi->num_tg; tg_idx++) {
   PackBSParams *const pack_bs_params = &pack_bs_params_arr[tile_idx];
   int is_last_tg = tg_idx == cpi->num_tg - 1;
   // Prorate bitstream buffer size based on tile group size and available
   // buffer size. This buffer will be used to store headers and tile data.
   tg_buf_size[tg_idx] =
       get_bs_chunk_size(tg_size_mi[tg_idx], frame_size_mi, &remain_buf_size,
                         max_buf_size, is_last_tg);

   pack_bs_params->dst = tile_dst;
   pack_bs_params->tile_data_curr = tile_dst;

   // Write obu, tile group and frame header at first tile in the tile
   // group.
   av1_write_obu_tg_tile_headers(cpi, xd, pack_bs_params, tile_idx);
   tile_dst += tg_buf_size[tg_idx];

   // Exclude headers from tile group buffer size.
   tg_buf_size[tg_idx] -= pack_bs_params->curr_tg_hdr_size;
   tile_idx += tg_size_in_tiles;
 }

 tg_idx = 0;
 // Calculate bitstream buffer size of each tile in the tile group.
 for (tile_idx = 0; tile_idx < num_tiles; tile_idx++) {
   PackBSParams *const pack_bs_params = &pack_bs_params_arr[tile_idx];

   if (pack_bs_params->new_tg) {
     max_buf_size = tg_buf_size[tg_idx];
     remain_buf_size = max_buf_size;
   }

   // Prorate bitstream buffer size of this tile based on tile size and
   // available buffer size. For this proration, header size is not accounted.
   const size_t tile_buf_size = get_bs_chunk_size(
       pack_bs_params->tile_size_mi, tg_size_mi[tg_idx], &remain_buf_size,
       max_buf_size, pack_bs_params->is_last_tile_in_tg);
   pack_bs_params->tile_buf_size = tile_buf_size;

   // Update base address of bitstream buffer for tile and tile group.
   if (pack_bs_params->new_tg) {
     tile_dst = pack_bs_params->dst;
     tile_data_curr = pack_bs_params->tile_data_curr;
     // Account header size in first tile of a tile group.
     pack_bs_params->tile_buf_size += pack_bs_params->curr_tg_hdr_size;
   } else {
     pack_bs_params->dst = tile_dst;
     pack_bs_params->tile_data_curr = tile_data_curr;
   }

   if (pack_bs_params->is_last_tile_in_tg) tg_idx++;
   tile_dst += pack_bs_params->tile_buf_size;
 }
}

// Worker hook function of pack bitsteam multithreading.
static int pack_bs_worker_hook(void *arg1, void *arg2) {
 EncWorkerData *const thread_data = (EncWorkerData *)arg1;
 PackBSParams *const pack_bs_params = (PackBSParams *)arg2;
 AV1_COMP *const cpi = thread_data->cpi;
 AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
 AV1EncPackBSSync *const pack_bs_sync = &cpi->mt_info.pack_bs_sync;
 const CommonTileParams *const tiles = &cm->tiles;
 const int num_tiles = tiles->cols * tiles->rows;

#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 pthread_mutex_t *const pack_bs_mutex = pack_bs_sync->mutex_;
#endif
 MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &thread_data->td->mb.e_mbd;
 struct aom_internal_error_info *const error_info = &thread_data->error_info;
 xd->error_info = error_info;

 // The jmp_buf is valid only for the duration of the function that calls
 // setjmp(). Therefore, this function must reset the 'setjmp' field to 0
 // before it returns.
 if (setjmp(error_info->jmp)) {
   error_info->setjmp = 0;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_lock(pack_bs_mutex);
   pack_bs_sync->pack_bs_mt_exit = true;
   pthread_mutex_unlock(pack_bs_mutex);
#endif
   return 0;
 }
 error_info->setjmp = 1;

 while (1) {
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_lock(pack_bs_mutex);
#endif
   const int tile_idx =
       pack_bs_sync->pack_bs_mt_exit
           ? -1
           : get_next_pack_bs_tile_idx(pack_bs_sync, num_tiles);
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_unlock(pack_bs_mutex);
#endif
   // When pack_bs_mt_exit is set to true, other workers need not pursue any
   // further jobs.
   if (tile_idx == -1) break;
   TileDataEnc *this_tile = &cpi->tile_data[tile_idx];
   thread_data->td->mb.e_mbd.tile_ctx = &this_tile->tctx;

   av1_pack_tile_info(cpi, thread_data->td, &pack_bs_params[tile_idx]);
 }

 error_info->setjmp = 0;
 return 1;
}

// Prepares thread data and workers of pack bitsteam multithreading.
static void prepare_pack_bs_workers(AV1_COMP *const cpi,
                                   PackBSParams *const pack_bs_params,
                                   AVxWorkerHook hook, const int num_workers) {
 MultiThreadInfo *const mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
   AVxWorker *worker = &mt_info->workers[i];
   EncWorkerData *const thread_data = &mt_info->tile_thr_data[i];
   if (i == 0) {
     thread_data->td = &cpi->td;
   } else {
     thread_data->td = thread_data->original_td;
   }

   if (thread_data->td != &cpi->td) thread_data->td->mb = cpi->td.mb;

   thread_data->cpi = cpi;
   thread_data->start = i;
   thread_data->thread_id = i;
   av1_reset_pack_bs_thread_data(thread_data->td);

   worker->hook = hook;
   worker->data1 = thread_data;
   worker->data2 = pack_bs_params;
 }

 AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
 AV1EncPackBSSync *const pack_bs_sync = &mt_info->pack_bs_sync;
 const uint16_t num_tiles = cm->tiles.rows * cm->tiles.cols;
 pack_bs_sync->next_job_idx = 0;
 pack_bs_sync->pack_bs_mt_exit = false;

 PackBSTileOrder *const pack_bs_tile_order = pack_bs_sync->pack_bs_tile_order;
 // Reset tile order data of pack bitstream
 av1_zero_array(pack_bs_tile_order, num_tiles);

 // Populate pack bitstream tile order structure
 for (uint16_t tile_idx = 0; tile_idx < num_tiles; tile_idx++) {
   pack_bs_tile_order[tile_idx].abs_sum_level =
       cpi->tile_data[tile_idx].abs_sum_level;
   pack_bs_tile_order[tile_idx].tile_idx = tile_idx;
 }

 // Sort tiles in descending order based on tile area.
 qsort(pack_bs_tile_order, num_tiles, sizeof(*pack_bs_tile_order),
       compare_tile_order);
}

// Accumulates data after pack bitsteam processing.
static void accumulate_pack_bs_data(
   AV1_COMP *const cpi, const PackBSParams *const pack_bs_params_arr,
   uint8_t *const dst, uint32_t *total_size, const FrameHeaderInfo *fh_info,
   int *const largest_tile_id, unsigned int *max_tile_size,
   uint32_t *const obu_header_size, uint8_t **tile_data_start,
   const int num_workers) {
 const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
 const CommonTileParams *const tiles = &cm->tiles;
 const int tile_count = tiles->cols * tiles->rows;
 // Fixed size tile groups for the moment
 size_t curr_tg_data_size = 0;
 int is_first_tg = 1;
 uint8_t *curr_tg_start = dst;
 size_t src_offset = 0;
 size_t dst_offset = 0;

 for (int tile_idx = 0; tile_idx < tile_count; tile_idx++) {
   // PackBSParams stores all parameters required to pack tile and header
   // info.
   const PackBSParams *const pack_bs_params = &pack_bs_params_arr[tile_idx];
   uint32_t tile_size = 0;

   if (pack_bs_params->new_tg) {
     curr_tg_start = dst + *total_size;
     curr_tg_data_size = pack_bs_params->curr_tg_hdr_size;
     *tile_data_start += pack_bs_params->curr_tg_hdr_size;
     *obu_header_size = pack_bs_params->obu_header_size;
   }
   curr_tg_data_size +=
       pack_bs_params->buf.size + (pack_bs_params->is_last_tile_in_tg ? 0 : 4);

   if (pack_bs_params->buf.size > *max_tile_size) {
     *largest_tile_id = tile_idx;
     *max_tile_size = (unsigned int)pack_bs_params->buf.size;
   }
   tile_size +=
       (uint32_t)pack_bs_params->buf.size + *pack_bs_params->total_size;

   // Pack all the chunks of tile bitstreams together
   if (tile_idx != 0) memmove(dst + dst_offset, dst + src_offset, tile_size);

   if (pack_bs_params->is_last_tile_in_tg)
     av1_write_last_tile_info(
         cpi, fh_info, pack_bs_params->saved_wb, &curr_tg_data_size,
         curr_tg_start, &tile_size, tile_data_start, largest_tile_id,
         &is_first_tg, *obu_header_size, pack_bs_params->obu_extn_header);
   src_offset += pack_bs_params->tile_buf_size;
   dst_offset += tile_size;
   *total_size += tile_size;
 }

 // Accumulate thread data
 MultiThreadInfo *const mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 for (int idx = num_workers - 1; idx >= 0; idx--) {
   ThreadData const *td = mt_info->tile_thr_data[idx].td;
   av1_accumulate_pack_bs_thread_data(cpi, td);
 }
}

void av1_write_tile_obu_mt(
   AV1_COMP *const cpi, uint8_t *const dst, uint32_t *total_size,
   struct aom_write_bit_buffer *saved_wb, uint8_t obu_extn_header,
   const FrameHeaderInfo *fh_info, int *const largest_tile_id,
   unsigned int *max_tile_size, uint32_t *const obu_header_size,
   uint8_t **tile_data_start, const int num_workers) {
 MultiThreadInfo *const mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;

 PackBSParams pack_bs_params[MAX_TILES];
 uint32_t tile_size[MAX_TILES] = { 0 };

 for (int tile_idx = 0; tile_idx < MAX_TILES; tile_idx++)
   pack_bs_params[tile_idx].total_size = &tile_size[tile_idx];

 init_tile_pack_bs_params(cpi, dst, saved_wb, pack_bs_params, obu_extn_header);
 prepare_pack_bs_workers(cpi, pack_bs_params, pack_bs_worker_hook,
                         num_workers);
 launch_workers(mt_info, num_workers);
 sync_enc_workers(mt_info, &cpi->common, num_workers);
 accumulate_pack_bs_data(cpi, pack_bs_params, dst, total_size, fh_info,
                         largest_tile_id, max_tile_size, obu_header_size,
                         tile_data_start, num_workers);
}

// Deallocate memory for CDEF search multi-thread synchronization.
void av1_cdef_mt_dealloc(AV1CdefSync *cdef_sync) {
 (void)cdef_sync;
 assert(cdef_sync != NULL);
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 if (cdef_sync->mutex_ != NULL) {
   pthread_mutex_destroy(cdef_sync->mutex_);
   aom_free(cdef_sync->mutex_);
 }
#endif  // CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
}

// Updates the row and column indices of the next job to be processed.
// Also updates end_of_frame flag when the processing of all blocks is complete.
static void update_next_job_info(AV1CdefSync *cdef_sync, int nvfb, int nhfb) {
 cdef_sync->fbc++;
 if (cdef_sync->fbc == nhfb) {
   cdef_sync->fbr++;
   if (cdef_sync->fbr == nvfb) {
     cdef_sync->end_of_frame = 1;
   } else {
     cdef_sync->fbc = 0;
   }
 }
}

// Initializes cdef_sync parameters.
static inline void cdef_reset_job_info(AV1CdefSync *cdef_sync) {
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 if (cdef_sync->mutex_) pthread_mutex_init(cdef_sync->mutex_, NULL);
#endif  // CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 cdef_sync->end_of_frame = 0;
 cdef_sync->fbr = 0;
 cdef_sync->fbc = 0;
 cdef_sync->cdef_mt_exit = false;
}

// Checks if a job is available. If job is available,
// populates next job information and returns 1, else returns 0.
static inline int cdef_get_next_job(AV1CdefSync *cdef_sync,
                                   CdefSearchCtx *cdef_search_ctx,
                                   volatile int *cur_fbr,
                                   volatile int *cur_fbc,
                                   volatile int *sb_count) {
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 pthread_mutex_lock(cdef_sync->mutex_);
#endif  // CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 int do_next_block = 0;
 const int nvfb = cdef_search_ctx->nvfb;
 const int nhfb = cdef_search_ctx->nhfb;

 // If a block is skip, do not process the block and
 // check the skip condition for the next block.
 while (!cdef_sync->cdef_mt_exit && !cdef_sync->end_of_frame &&
        cdef_sb_skip(cdef_search_ctx->mi_params, cdef_sync->fbr,
                     cdef_sync->fbc)) {
   update_next_job_info(cdef_sync, nvfb, nhfb);
 }

 // Populates information needed for current job and update the row,
 // column indices of the next block to be processed.
 if (!cdef_sync->cdef_mt_exit && cdef_sync->end_of_frame == 0) {
   do_next_block = 1;
   *cur_fbr = cdef_sync->fbr;
   *cur_fbc = cdef_sync->fbc;
   *sb_count = cdef_search_ctx->sb_count;
   cdef_search_ctx->sb_count++;
   update_next_job_info(cdef_sync, nvfb, nhfb);
 }
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 pthread_mutex_unlock(cdef_sync->mutex_);
#endif  // CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 return do_next_block;
}

// Hook function for each thread in CDEF search multi-threading.
static int cdef_filter_block_worker_hook(void *arg1, void *arg2) {
 EncWorkerData *thread_data = (EncWorkerData *)arg1;
 AV1CdefSync *const cdef_sync = (AV1CdefSync *)arg2;

#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
 pthread_mutex_t *cdef_mutex_ = cdef_sync->mutex_;
#endif
 struct aom_internal_error_info *const error_info = &thread_data->error_info;
 CdefSearchCtx *cdef_search_ctx = thread_data->cpi->cdef_search_ctx;

 // The jmp_buf is valid only for the duration of the function that calls
 // setjmp(). Therefore, this function must reset the 'setjmp' field to 0
 // before it returns.
 if (setjmp(error_info->jmp)) {
   error_info->setjmp = 0;
#if CONFIG_MULTITHREAD
   pthread_mutex_lock(cdef_mutex_);
   cdef_sync->cdef_mt_exit = true;
   pthread_mutex_unlock(cdef_mutex_);
#endif
   return 0;
 }
 error_info->setjmp = 1;

 volatile int cur_fbr, cur_fbc, sb_count;
 while (cdef_get_next_job(cdef_sync, cdef_search_ctx, &cur_fbr, &cur_fbc,
                          &sb_count)) {
   av1_cdef_mse_calc_block(cdef_search_ctx, error_info, cur_fbr, cur_fbc,
                           sb_count);
 }
 error_info->setjmp = 0;
 return 1;
}

// Assigns CDEF search hook function and thread data to each worker.
static void prepare_cdef_workers(AV1_COMP *cpi, AVxWorkerHook hook,
                                int num_workers) {
 MultiThreadInfo *mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 for (int i = num_workers - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
   AVxWorker *worker = &mt_info->workers[i];
   EncWorkerData *thread_data = &mt_info->tile_thr_data[i];

   thread_data->cpi = cpi;
   worker->hook = hook;
   worker->data1 = thread_data;
   worker->data2 = &mt_info->cdef_sync;
 }
}

// Implements multi-threading for CDEF search.
void av1_cdef_mse_calc_frame_mt(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 MultiThreadInfo *mt_info = &cpi->mt_info;
 AV1CdefSync *cdef_sync = &mt_info->cdef_sync;
 const int num_workers = mt_info->num_mod_workers[MOD_CDEF_SEARCH];

 cdef_reset_job_info(cdef_sync);
 prepare_cdef_workers(cpi, cdef_filter_block_worker_hook, num_workers);
 launch_workers(mt_info, num_workers);
 sync_enc_workers(mt_info, &cpi->common, num_workers);
}

// Computes num_workers for temporal filter multi-threading.
static inline int compute_num_tf_workers(const AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 // For single-pass encode, using no. of workers as per tf block size was not
 // found to improve speed. Hence the thread assignment for single-pass encode
 // is kept based on compute_num_enc_workers().
 if (cpi->oxcf.pass < AOM_RC_SECOND_PASS)
   return compute_num_enc_workers(cpi, cpi->oxcf.max_threads);

 if (cpi->oxcf.max_threads <= 1) return 1;

 const int frame_height = cpi->common.height;
 const BLOCK_SIZE block_size = TF_BLOCK_SIZE;
 const int mb_height = block_size_high[block_size];
 const int mb_rows = get_num_blocks(frame_height, mb_height);
 return AOMMIN(cpi->oxcf.max_threads, mb_rows);
}

// Computes num_workers for tpl multi-threading.
static inline int compute_num_tpl_workers(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 return compute_num_enc_workers(cpi, cpi->oxcf.max_threads);
}

// Computes num_workers for loop filter multi-threading.
static inline int compute_num_lf_workers(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 return compute_num_enc_workers(cpi, cpi->oxcf.max_threads);
}

// Computes num_workers for cdef multi-threading.
static inline int compute_num_cdef_workers(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 return compute_num_enc_workers(cpi, cpi->oxcf.max_threads);
}

// Computes num_workers for loop-restoration multi-threading.
static inline int compute_num_lr_workers(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 return compute_num_enc_workers(cpi, cpi->oxcf.max_threads);
}

// Computes num_workers for pack bitstream multi-threading.
static inline int compute_num_pack_bs_workers(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 if (cpi->oxcf.max_threads <= 1) return 1;
 return compute_num_enc_tile_mt_workers(&cpi->common, cpi->oxcf.max_threads);
}

// Computes num_workers for all intra multi-threading.
static inline int compute_num_ai_workers(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 if (cpi->oxcf.max_threads <= 1) return 1;
 // The multi-threading implementation of deltaq-mode = 3 in allintra
 // mode is based on row multi threading.
 if (!cpi->oxcf.row_mt) return 1;
 cpi->weber_bsize = BLOCK_8X8;
 const BLOCK_SIZE bsize = cpi->weber_bsize;
 const int mb_step = mi_size_wide[bsize];
 const int num_mb_rows = cpi->common.mi_params.mi_rows / mb_step;
 return AOMMIN(num_mb_rows, cpi->oxcf.max_threads);
}

static int compute_num_mod_workers(AV1_COMP *cpi,
                                  MULTI_THREADED_MODULES mod_name) {
 int num_mod_workers = 0;
 switch (mod_name) {
   case MOD_FP:
     if (cpi->oxcf.pass >= AOM_RC_SECOND_PASS)
       num_mod_workers = 0;
     else
       num_mod_workers = compute_num_enc_workers(cpi, cpi->oxcf.max_threads);
     break;
   case MOD_TF: num_mod_workers = compute_num_tf_workers(cpi); break;
   case MOD_TPL: num_mod_workers = compute_num_tpl_workers(cpi); break;
   case MOD_GME: num_mod_workers = 1; break;
   case MOD_ENC:
     num_mod_workers = compute_num_enc_workers(cpi, cpi->oxcf.max_threads);
     break;
   case MOD_LPF: num_mod_workers = compute_num_lf_workers(cpi); break;
   case MOD_CDEF_SEARCH:
     num_mod_workers = compute_num_cdef_workers(cpi);
     break;
   case MOD_CDEF: num_mod_workers = compute_num_cdef_workers(cpi); break;
   case MOD_LR: num_mod_workers = compute_num_lr_workers(cpi); break;
   case MOD_PACK_BS: num_mod_workers = compute_num_pack_bs_workers(cpi); break;
   case MOD_FRAME_ENC:
     num_mod_workers = cpi->ppi->p_mt_info.num_mod_workers[MOD_FRAME_ENC];
     break;
   case MOD_AI:
     if (cpi->oxcf.pass == AOM_RC_ONE_PASS) {
       num_mod_workers = compute_num_ai_workers(cpi);
     } else {
       num_mod_workers = 0;
     }
     break;
   default: assert(0); break;
 }
 return (num_mod_workers);
}
// Computes the number of workers for each MT modules in the encoder
void av1_compute_num_workers_for_mt(AV1_COMP *cpi) {
 for (int i = MOD_FP; i < NUM_MT_MODULES; i++) {
   cpi->ppi->p_mt_info.num_mod_workers[i] =
       compute_num_mod_workers(cpi, (MULTI_THREADED_MODULES)i);
 }
}