tor-browser

smpdtfmt.cpp (177678B)

---

// © 2016 and later: Unicode, Inc. and others.
// License & terms of use: http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html
/*
*******************************************************************************
* Copyright (C) 1997-2016, International Business Machines Corporation and    *
* others. All Rights Reserved.                                                *
*******************************************************************************
*
* File SMPDTFMT.CPP
*
* Modification History:
*
*   Date        Name        Description
*   02/19/97    aliu        Converted from java.
*   03/31/97    aliu        Modified extensively to work with 50 locales.
*   04/01/97    aliu        Added support for centuries.
*   07/09/97    helena      Made ParsePosition into a class.
*   07/21/98    stephen     Added initializeDefaultCentury.
*                             Removed getZoneIndex (added in DateFormatSymbols)
*                             Removed subParseLong
*                             Removed chk
*   02/22/99    stephen     Removed character literals for EBCDIC safety
*   10/14/99    aliu        Updated 2-digit year parsing so that only "00" thru
*                           "99" are recognized. {j28 4182066}
*   11/15/99    weiv        Added support for week of year/day of week format
********************************************************************************
*/

#define ZID_KEY_MAX 128

#include "unicode/utypes.h"

#if !UCONFIG_NO_FORMATTING
#include "unicode/smpdtfmt.h"
#include "unicode/dtfmtsym.h"
#include "unicode/ures.h"
#include "unicode/msgfmt.h"
#include "unicode/calendar.h"
#include "unicode/gregocal.h"
#include "unicode/timezone.h"
#include "unicode/decimfmt.h"
#include "unicode/dcfmtsym.h"
#include "unicode/uchar.h"
#include "unicode/uniset.h"
#include "unicode/ustring.h"
#include "unicode/basictz.h"
#include "unicode/simpleformatter.h"
#include "unicode/simplenumberformatter.h"
#include "unicode/simpletz.h"
#include "unicode/rbtz.h"
#include "unicode/tzfmt.h"
#include "unicode/ucasemap.h"
#include "unicode/utf16.h"
#include "unicode/vtzone.h"
#include "unicode/udisplaycontext.h"
#include "unicode/brkiter.h"
#include "unicode/rbnf.h"
#include "unicode/dtptngen.h"
#include "uresimp.h"
#include "olsontz.h"
#include "patternprops.h"
#include "fphdlimp.h"
#include "hebrwcal.h"
#include "cstring.h"
#include "uassert.h"
#include "cmemory.h"
#include "umutex.h"
#include "mutex.h"
#include <float.h>
#include "smpdtfst.h"
#include "sharednumberformat.h"
#include "ucasemap_imp.h"
#include "ustr_imp.h"
#include "charstr.h"
#include "uvector.h"
#include "cstr.h"
#include "dayperiodrules.h"
#include "tznames_impl.h"   // ZONE_NAME_U16_MAX
#include "number_utypes.h"
#include "chnsecal.h"
#include "dangical.h"
#include "japancal.h"
#include <typeinfo>

#if defined( U_DEBUG_CALSVC ) || defined (U_DEBUG_CAL)
#include <stdio.h>
#endif

// *****************************************************************************
// class SimpleDateFormat
// *****************************************************************************

U_NAMESPACE_BEGIN

/**
* Last-resort string to use for "GMT" when constructing time zone strings.
*/
// For time zones that have no names, use strings GMT+minutes and
// GMT-minutes. For instance, in France the time zone is GMT+60.
// Also accepted are GMT+H:MM or GMT-H:MM.
// Currently not being used
//static const char16_t gGmt[]      = {0x0047, 0x004D, 0x0054, 0x0000};         // "GMT"
//static const char16_t gGmtPlus[]  = {0x0047, 0x004D, 0x0054, 0x002B, 0x0000}; // "GMT+"
//static const char16_t gGmtMinus[] = {0x0047, 0x004D, 0x0054, 0x002D, 0x0000}; // "GMT-"
//static const char16_t gDefGmtPat[]       = {0x0047, 0x004D, 0x0054, 0x007B, 0x0030, 0x007D, 0x0000}; /* GMT{0} */
//static const char16_t gDefGmtNegHmsPat[] = {0x002D, 0x0048, 0x0048, 0x003A, 0x006D, 0x006D, 0x003A, 0x0073, 0x0073, 0x0000}; /* -HH:mm:ss */
//static const char16_t gDefGmtNegHmPat[]  = {0x002D, 0x0048, 0x0048, 0x003A, 0x006D, 0x006D, 0x0000}; /* -HH:mm */
//static const char16_t gDefGmtPosHmsPat[] = {0x002B, 0x0048, 0x0048, 0x003A, 0x006D, 0x006D, 0x003A, 0x0073, 0x0073, 0x0000}; /* +HH:mm:ss */
//static const char16_t gDefGmtPosHmPat[]  = {0x002B, 0x0048, 0x0048, 0x003A, 0x006D, 0x006D, 0x0000}; /* +HH:mm */
//static const char16_t gUt[]       = {0x0055, 0x0054, 0x0000};  // "UT"
//static const char16_t gUtc[]      = {0x0055, 0x0054, 0x0043, 0x0000};  // "UT"

typedef enum GmtPatSize {
   kGmtLen = 3,
   kGmtPatLen = 6,
   kNegHmsLen = 9,
   kNegHmLen = 6,
   kPosHmsLen = 9,
   kPosHmLen = 6,
   kUtLen = 2,
   kUtcLen = 3
} GmtPatSize;

// Stuff needed for numbering system overrides

typedef enum OvrStrType {
   kOvrStrDate = 0,
   kOvrStrTime = 1,
   kOvrStrBoth = 2
} OvrStrType;

static const UDateFormatField kDateFields[] = {
   UDAT_YEAR_FIELD,
   UDAT_MONTH_FIELD,
   UDAT_DATE_FIELD,
   UDAT_DAY_OF_YEAR_FIELD,
   UDAT_DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH_FIELD,
   UDAT_WEEK_OF_YEAR_FIELD,
   UDAT_WEEK_OF_MONTH_FIELD,
   UDAT_YEAR_WOY_FIELD,
   UDAT_EXTENDED_YEAR_FIELD,
   UDAT_JULIAN_DAY_FIELD,
   UDAT_STANDALONE_DAY_FIELD,
   UDAT_STANDALONE_MONTH_FIELD,
   UDAT_QUARTER_FIELD,
   UDAT_STANDALONE_QUARTER_FIELD,
   UDAT_YEAR_NAME_FIELD,
   UDAT_RELATED_YEAR_FIELD };
static const int8_t kDateFieldsCount = 16;

static const UDateFormatField kTimeFields[] = {
   UDAT_HOUR_OF_DAY1_FIELD,
   UDAT_HOUR_OF_DAY0_FIELD,
   UDAT_MINUTE_FIELD,
   UDAT_SECOND_FIELD,
   UDAT_FRACTIONAL_SECOND_FIELD,
   UDAT_HOUR1_FIELD,
   UDAT_HOUR0_FIELD,
   UDAT_MILLISECONDS_IN_DAY_FIELD,
   UDAT_TIMEZONE_RFC_FIELD,
   UDAT_TIMEZONE_LOCALIZED_GMT_OFFSET_FIELD };
static const int8_t kTimeFieldsCount = 10;


// This is a pattern-of-last-resort used when we can't load a usable pattern out
// of a resource.
static const char16_t gDefaultPattern[] =
{
   0x79, 0x4D, 0x4D, 0x64, 0x64, 0x20, 0x68, 0x68, 0x3A, 0x6D, 0x6D, 0x20, 0x61, 0
};  /* "yMMdd hh:mm a" */

// This prefix is designed to NEVER MATCH real text, in order to
// suppress the parsing of negative numbers.  Adjust as needed (if
// this becomes valid Unicode).
static const char16_t SUPPRESS_NEGATIVE_PREFIX[] = {0xAB00, 0};

/**
* These are the tags we expect to see in normal resource bundle files associated
* with a locale.
*/
static const char16_t QUOTE = 0x27; // Single quote

/*
* The field range check bias for each UDateFormatField.
* The bias is added to the minimum and maximum values
* before they are compared to the parsed number.
* For example, the calendar stores zero-based month numbers
* but the parsed month numbers start at 1, so the bias is 1.
*
* A value of -1 means that the value is not checked.
*/
static const int32_t gFieldRangeBias[] = {
   -1,  // 'G' - UDAT_ERA_FIELD
   -1,  // 'y' - UDAT_YEAR_FIELD
    1,  // 'M' - UDAT_MONTH_FIELD
    0,  // 'd' - UDAT_DATE_FIELD
   -1,  // 'k' - UDAT_HOUR_OF_DAY1_FIELD
   -1,  // 'H' - UDAT_HOUR_OF_DAY0_FIELD
    0,  // 'm' - UDAT_MINUTE_FIELD
    0,  // 's' - UDAT_SECOND_FIELD
   -1,  // 'S' - UDAT_FRACTIONAL_SECOND_FIELD (0-999?)
   -1,  // 'E' - UDAT_DAY_OF_WEEK_FIELD (1-7?)
   -1,  // 'D' - UDAT_DAY_OF_YEAR_FIELD (1 - 366?)
   -1,  // 'F' - UDAT_DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH_FIELD (1-5?)
   -1,  // 'w' - UDAT_WEEK_OF_YEAR_FIELD (1-52?)
   -1,  // 'W' - UDAT_WEEK_OF_MONTH_FIELD (1-5?)
   -1,  // 'a' - UDAT_AM_PM_FIELD
   -1,  // 'h' - UDAT_HOUR1_FIELD
   -1,  // 'K' - UDAT_HOUR0_FIELD
   -1,  // 'z' - UDAT_TIMEZONE_FIELD
   -1,  // 'Y' - UDAT_YEAR_WOY_FIELD
   -1,  // 'e' - UDAT_DOW_LOCAL_FIELD
   -1,  // 'u' - UDAT_EXTENDED_YEAR_FIELD
   -1,  // 'g' - UDAT_JULIAN_DAY_FIELD
   -1,  // 'A' - UDAT_MILLISECONDS_IN_DAY_FIELD
   -1,  // 'Z' - UDAT_TIMEZONE_RFC_FIELD
   -1,  // 'v' - UDAT_TIMEZONE_GENERIC_FIELD
    0,  // 'c' - UDAT_STANDALONE_DAY_FIELD
    1,  // 'L' - UDAT_STANDALONE_MONTH_FIELD
   -1,  // 'Q' - UDAT_QUARTER_FIELD (1-4?)
   -1,  // 'q' - UDAT_STANDALONE_QUARTER_FIELD
   -1,  // 'V' - UDAT_TIMEZONE_SPECIAL_FIELD
   -1,  // 'U' - UDAT_YEAR_NAME_FIELD
   -1,  // 'O' - UDAT_TIMEZONE_LOCALIZED_GMT_OFFSET_FIELD
   -1,  // 'X' - UDAT_TIMEZONE_ISO_FIELD
   -1,  // 'x' - UDAT_TIMEZONE_ISO_LOCAL_FIELD
   -1,  // 'r' - UDAT_RELATED_YEAR_FIELD
#if UDAT_HAS_PATTERN_CHAR_FOR_TIME_SEPARATOR
   -1,  // ':' - UDAT_TIME_SEPARATOR_FIELD
#else
   -1,  // (no pattern character currently) - UDAT_TIME_SEPARATOR_FIELD
#endif
};

// When calendar uses hebr numbering (i.e. he@calendar=hebrew),
// offset the years within the current millennium down to 1-999
static const int32_t HEBREW_CAL_CUR_MILLENIUM_START_YEAR = 5000;
static const int32_t HEBREW_CAL_CUR_MILLENIUM_END_YEAR = 6000;

/**
* Maximum range for detecting daylight offset of a time zone when parsed time zone
* string indicates it's daylight saving time, but the detected time zone does not
* observe daylight saving time at the parsed date.
*/
static const double MAX_DAYLIGHT_DETECTION_RANGE = 30*365*24*60*60*1000.0;

static UMutex LOCK;

UOBJECT_DEFINE_RTTI_IMPLEMENTATION(SimpleDateFormat)

SimpleDateFormat::NSOverride::~NSOverride() {
   if (snf != nullptr) {
       snf->removeRef();
   }
}


void SimpleDateFormat::NSOverride::free() {
   NSOverride *cur = this;
   while (cur) {
       NSOverride *next_temp = cur->next;
       delete cur;
       cur = next_temp;
   }
}

// no matter what the locale's default number format looked like, we want
// to modify it so that it doesn't use thousands separators, doesn't always
// show the decimal point, and recognizes integers only when parsing
static void fixNumberFormatForDates(NumberFormat &nf) {
   nf.setGroupingUsed(false);
   DecimalFormat* decfmt = dynamic_cast<DecimalFormat*>(&nf);
   if (decfmt != nullptr) {
       decfmt->setDecimalSeparatorAlwaysShown(false);
   }
   nf.setParseIntegerOnly(true);
   nf.setMinimumFractionDigits(0); // To prevent "Jan 1.00, 1997.00"
}

static const SharedNumberFormat *createSharedNumberFormat(
       NumberFormat *nfToAdopt) {
   fixNumberFormatForDates(*nfToAdopt);
   const SharedNumberFormat *result = new SharedNumberFormat(nfToAdopt);
   if (result == nullptr) {
       delete nfToAdopt;
   }
   return result;
}

static const SharedNumberFormat *createSharedNumberFormat(
       const Locale &loc, UErrorCode &status) {
   NumberFormat *nf = NumberFormat::createInstance(loc, status);
   if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
       return nullptr;
   }
   const SharedNumberFormat *result = createSharedNumberFormat(nf);
   if (result == nullptr) {
       status = U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
   }
   return result;
}

static const SharedNumberFormat **allocSharedNumberFormatters() {
   const SharedNumberFormat** result = static_cast<const SharedNumberFormat**>(
           uprv_malloc(UDAT_FIELD_COUNT * sizeof(const SharedNumberFormat*)));
   if (result == nullptr) {
       return nullptr;
   }
   for (int32_t i = 0; i < UDAT_FIELD_COUNT; ++i) {
       result[i] = nullptr;
   }
   return result;
}

static void freeSharedNumberFormatters(const SharedNumberFormat ** list) {
   for (int32_t i = 0; i < UDAT_FIELD_COUNT; ++i) {
       SharedObject::clearPtr(list[i]);
   }
   uprv_free(list);
}

const NumberFormat *SimpleDateFormat::getNumberFormatByIndex(
       UDateFormatField index) const {
   if (fSharedNumberFormatters == nullptr ||
       fSharedNumberFormatters[index] == nullptr) {
       return fNumberFormat;
   }
   return &(**fSharedNumberFormatters[index]);
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

SimpleDateFormat::~SimpleDateFormat()
{
   delete fSymbols;
   if (fSharedNumberFormatters) {
       freeSharedNumberFormatters(fSharedNumberFormatters);
   }
   delete fTimeZoneFormat;
   delete fSimpleNumberFormatter;

#if !UCONFIG_NO_BREAK_ITERATION
   delete fCapitalizationBrkIter;
#endif
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

SimpleDateFormat::SimpleDateFormat(UErrorCode& status)
 :   fLocale(Locale::getDefault())
{
   initializeBooleanAttributes();
   construct(kShort, static_cast<EStyle>(kShort + kDateOffset), fLocale, status);
   initializeDefaultCentury();
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

SimpleDateFormat::SimpleDateFormat(const UnicodeString& pattern,
                                  UErrorCode &status)
:   fPattern(pattern),
   fLocale(Locale::getDefault())
{
   fDateOverride.setToBogus();
   fTimeOverride.setToBogus();
   initializeBooleanAttributes();
   initializeCalendar(nullptr,fLocale,status);
   fSymbols = DateFormatSymbols::createForLocale(fLocale, status);
   initialize(fLocale, status);
   initializeDefaultCentury();

}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------

SimpleDateFormat::SimpleDateFormat(const UnicodeString& pattern,
                                  const UnicodeString& override,
                                  UErrorCode &status)
:   fPattern(pattern),
   fLocale(Locale::getDefault())
{
   fDateOverride.setTo(override);
   fTimeOverride.setToBogus();
   initializeBooleanAttributes();
   initializeCalendar(nullptr,fLocale,status);
   fSymbols = DateFormatSymbols::createForLocale(fLocale, status);
   initialize(fLocale, status);
   initializeDefaultCentury();

   processOverrideString(fLocale,override,kOvrStrBoth,status);

}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

SimpleDateFormat::SimpleDateFormat(const UnicodeString& pattern,
                                  const Locale& locale,
                                  UErrorCode& status)
:   fPattern(pattern),
   fLocale(locale)
{

   fDateOverride.setToBogus();
   fTimeOverride.setToBogus();
   initializeBooleanAttributes();

   initializeCalendar(nullptr,fLocale,status);
   fSymbols = DateFormatSymbols::createForLocale(fLocale, status);
   initialize(fLocale, status);
   initializeDefaultCentury();
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

SimpleDateFormat::SimpleDateFormat(const UnicodeString& pattern,
                                  const UnicodeString& override,
                                  const Locale& locale,
                                  UErrorCode& status)
:   fPattern(pattern),
   fLocale(locale)
{

   fDateOverride.setTo(override);
   fTimeOverride.setToBogus();
   initializeBooleanAttributes();

   initializeCalendar(nullptr,fLocale,status);
   fSymbols = DateFormatSymbols::createForLocale(fLocale, status);
   initialize(fLocale, status);
   initializeDefaultCentury();

   processOverrideString(locale,override,kOvrStrBoth,status);

}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

SimpleDateFormat::SimpleDateFormat(const UnicodeString& pattern,
                                  DateFormatSymbols* symbolsToAdopt,
                                  UErrorCode& status)
:   fPattern(pattern),
   fLocale(Locale::getDefault()),
   fSymbols(symbolsToAdopt)
{

   fDateOverride.setToBogus();
   fTimeOverride.setToBogus();
   initializeBooleanAttributes();

   initializeCalendar(nullptr,fLocale,status);
   initialize(fLocale, status);
   initializeDefaultCentury();
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

SimpleDateFormat::SimpleDateFormat(const UnicodeString& pattern,
                                  const DateFormatSymbols& symbols,
                                  UErrorCode& status)
:   fPattern(pattern),
   fLocale(Locale::getDefault()),
   fSymbols(new DateFormatSymbols(symbols))
{

   fDateOverride.setToBogus();
   fTimeOverride.setToBogus();
   initializeBooleanAttributes();

   initializeCalendar(nullptr, fLocale, status);
   initialize(fLocale, status);
   initializeDefaultCentury();
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

// Not for public consumption; used by DateFormat
SimpleDateFormat::SimpleDateFormat(EStyle timeStyle,
                                  EStyle dateStyle,
                                  const Locale& locale,
                                  UErrorCode& status)
:   fLocale(locale)
{
   initializeBooleanAttributes();
   construct(timeStyle, dateStyle, fLocale, status);
   if(U_SUCCESS(status)) {
     initializeDefaultCentury();
   }
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

/**
* Not for public consumption; used by DateFormat.  This constructor
* never fails.  If the resource data is not available, it uses the
* the last resort symbols.
*/
SimpleDateFormat::SimpleDateFormat(const Locale& locale,
                                  UErrorCode& status)
:   fPattern(gDefaultPattern),
   fLocale(locale)
{
   if (U_FAILURE(status)) return;
   initializeBooleanAttributes();
   initializeCalendar(nullptr, fLocale, status);
   fSymbols = DateFormatSymbols::createForLocale(fLocale, status);
   if (U_FAILURE(status))
   {
       status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
       delete fSymbols;
       // This constructor doesn't fail; it uses last resort data
       fSymbols = new DateFormatSymbols(status);
       /* test for nullptr */
       if (fSymbols == nullptr) {
           status = U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
           return;
       }
   }

   fDateOverride.setToBogus();
   fTimeOverride.setToBogus();

   initialize(fLocale, status);
   if(U_SUCCESS(status)) {
     initializeDefaultCentury();
   }
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

SimpleDateFormat::SimpleDateFormat(const SimpleDateFormat& other)
:   DateFormat(other),
   fLocale(other.fLocale)
{
   initializeBooleanAttributes();
   *this = other;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

SimpleDateFormat& SimpleDateFormat::operator=(const SimpleDateFormat& other)
{
   if (this == &other) {
       return *this;
   }

   // fSimpleNumberFormatter references fNumberFormatter, delete it
   // before we call the = operator which may invalidate fNumberFormatter
   delete fSimpleNumberFormatter;
   fSimpleNumberFormatter = nullptr;

   DateFormat::operator=(other);
   fDateOverride = other.fDateOverride;
   fTimeOverride = other.fTimeOverride;

   delete fSymbols;
   fSymbols = nullptr;

   if (other.fSymbols)
       fSymbols = new DateFormatSymbols(*other.fSymbols);

   fDefaultCenturyStart         = other.fDefaultCenturyStart;
   fDefaultCenturyStartYear     = other.fDefaultCenturyStartYear;
   fHaveDefaultCentury          = other.fHaveDefaultCentury;

   fPattern = other.fPattern;
   fHasMinute = other.fHasMinute;
   fHasSecond = other.fHasSecond;

   fLocale = other.fLocale;

   // TimeZoneFormat can now be set independently via setter.
   // If it is nullptr, it will be lazily initialized from locale.
   delete fTimeZoneFormat;
   fTimeZoneFormat = nullptr;
   TimeZoneFormat *otherTZFormat;
   {
       // Synchronization is required here, when accessing other.fTimeZoneFormat,
       // because another thread may be concurrently executing other.tzFormat(),
       // a logically const function that lazily creates other.fTimeZoneFormat.
       //
       // Without synchronization, reordered memory writes could allow us
       // to see a non-null fTimeZoneFormat before the object itself was
       // fully initialized. In case of a race, it doesn't matter whether
       // we see a null or a fully initialized other.fTimeZoneFormat,
       // only that we avoid seeing a partially initialized object.
       //
       // Once initialized, no const function can modify fTimeZoneFormat,
       // meaning that once we have safely grabbed the other.fTimeZoneFormat
       // pointer, continued synchronization is not required to use it.
       Mutex m(&LOCK);
       otherTZFormat = other.fTimeZoneFormat;
   }
   if (otherTZFormat) {
       fTimeZoneFormat = new TimeZoneFormat(*otherTZFormat);
   }

#if !UCONFIG_NO_BREAK_ITERATION
   if (other.fCapitalizationBrkIter != nullptr) {
       fCapitalizationBrkIter = (other.fCapitalizationBrkIter)->clone();
   }
#endif

   if (fSharedNumberFormatters != nullptr) {
       freeSharedNumberFormatters(fSharedNumberFormatters);
       fSharedNumberFormatters = nullptr;
   }
   if (other.fSharedNumberFormatters != nullptr) {
       fSharedNumberFormatters = allocSharedNumberFormatters();
       if (fSharedNumberFormatters) {
           for (int32_t i = 0; i < UDAT_FIELD_COUNT; ++i) {
               SharedObject::copyPtr(
                       other.fSharedNumberFormatters[i],
                       fSharedNumberFormatters[i]);
           }
       }
   }

   UErrorCode localStatus = U_ZERO_ERROR;
   // SimpleNumberFormatter does not have a copy constructor. Furthermore,
   // it references data from an internal field, fNumberFormatter,
   // so we must rematerialize that reference after copying over the number formatter.
   initSimpleNumberFormatter(localStatus);
   return *this;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

SimpleDateFormat*
SimpleDateFormat::clone() const
{
   return new SimpleDateFormat(*this);
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

bool
SimpleDateFormat::operator==(const Format& other) const
{
   if (DateFormat::operator==(other)) {
       // The DateFormat::operator== check for fCapitalizationContext equality above
       //   is sufficient to check equality of all derived context-related data.
       // DateFormat::operator== guarantees following cast is safe
       SimpleDateFormat* that = (SimpleDateFormat*)&other;
       return (fPattern             == that->fPattern &&
               fSymbols             != nullptr && // Check for pathological object
               that->fSymbols       != nullptr && // Check for pathological object
               *fSymbols            == *that->fSymbols &&
               fHaveDefaultCentury  == that->fHaveDefaultCentury &&
               fDefaultCenturyStart == that->fDefaultCenturyStart);
   }
   return false;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------
static const char16_t* timeSkeletons[4] = {
   u"jmmsszzzz",   // kFull
   u"jmmssz",      // kLong
   u"jmmss",       // kMedium
   u"jmm",         // kShort
};

void SimpleDateFormat::construct(EStyle timeStyle,
                                EStyle dateStyle,
                                const Locale& locale,
                                UErrorCode& status)
{
   // called by several constructors to load pattern data from the resources
   if (U_FAILURE(status)) return;

   // We will need the calendar to know what type of symbols to load.
   initializeCalendar(nullptr, locale, status);
   if (U_FAILURE(status)) return;

   // Load date time patterns directly from resources.
   const char* cType = fCalendar ? fCalendar->getType() : nullptr;
   LocalUResourceBundlePointer bundle(ures_open(nullptr, locale.getBaseName(), &status));
   if (U_FAILURE(status)) return;

   UBool cTypeIsGregorian = true;
   LocalUResourceBundlePointer dateTimePatterns;
   if (cType != nullptr && uprv_strcmp(cType, "gregorian") != 0) {
       CharString resourcePath("calendar/", status);
       resourcePath.append(cType, status).append("/DateTimePatterns", status);
       dateTimePatterns.adoptInstead(
           ures_getByKeyWithFallback(bundle.getAlias(), resourcePath.data(),
                                     (UResourceBundle*)nullptr, &status));
       cTypeIsGregorian = false;
   }

   // Check for "gregorian" fallback.
   if (cTypeIsGregorian || status == U_MISSING_RESOURCE_ERROR) {
       status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
       dateTimePatterns.adoptInstead(
           ures_getByKeyWithFallback(bundle.getAlias(),
                                     "calendar/gregorian/DateTimePatterns",
                                     (UResourceBundle*)nullptr, &status));
   }
   if (U_FAILURE(status)) return;

   LocalUResourceBundlePointer currentBundle;

   if (ures_getSize(dateTimePatterns.getAlias()) <= kDateTime)
   {
       status = U_INVALID_FORMAT_ERROR;
       return;
   }

   setLocaleIDs(ures_getLocaleByType(dateTimePatterns.getAlias(), ULOC_VALID_LOCALE, &status),
                ures_getLocaleByType(dateTimePatterns.getAlias(), ULOC_ACTUAL_LOCALE, &status));

   // create a symbols object from the locale
   fSymbols = DateFormatSymbols::createForLocale(locale, status);
   if (U_FAILURE(status)) return;
   /* test for nullptr */
   if (fSymbols == nullptr) {
       status = U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
       return;
   }

   const char16_t *resStr,*ovrStr;
   int32_t resStrLen,ovrStrLen = 0;
   fDateOverride.setToBogus();
   fTimeOverride.setToBogus();

   UnicodeString timePattern;
   if (timeStyle >= kFull && timeStyle <= kShort) {
       bool hasRgOrHcSubtag = false;
       // also use DTPG if the locale has the "rg" or "hc" ("hours") subtag-- even if the overriding region
       // or hour cycle is the same as the one we get by default, we go through the DateTimePatternGenerator
       UErrorCode dummyErr1 = U_ZERO_ERROR, dummyErr2 = U_ZERO_ERROR;
       if (locale.getKeywordValue("rg", nullptr, 0, dummyErr1) > 0 || locale.getKeywordValue("hours", nullptr, 0, dummyErr2) > 0) {
           hasRgOrHcSubtag = true;
       }

       const char* baseLocID = locale.getBaseName();
       if (baseLocID != nullptr && uprv_strcmp(baseLocID,"und")!=0) {
           UErrorCode useStatus = U_ZERO_ERROR;
           Locale baseLoc(baseLocID);
           Locale validLoc(getLocale(ULOC_VALID_LOCALE, useStatus));
           if (hasRgOrHcSubtag || (U_SUCCESS(useStatus) && validLoc!=baseLoc)) {
               bool useDTPG = hasRgOrHcSubtag;
               const char* baseReg = baseLoc.getCountry(); // empty string if no region
               if ((baseReg != nullptr && baseReg[0] != 0 &&
                    uprv_strncmp(baseReg,validLoc.getCountry(),ULOC_COUNTRY_CAPACITY)!=0)
                       || uprv_strncmp(baseLoc.getLanguage(),validLoc.getLanguage(),ULOC_LANG_CAPACITY)!=0) {
                   // use DTPG if
                   // * baseLoc has a region and validLoc does not have the same one (or has none), OR
                   // * validLoc has a different language code than baseLoc
                   // * the original locale has the rg or hc subtag
                   useDTPG = true;
               }
               if (useDTPG) {
                   // The standard time formats may have the wrong time cycle, because:
                   // the valid locale differs in important ways (region, language) from
                   // the base locale.
                   // We could *also* check whether they do actually have a mismatch with
                   // the time cycle preferences for the region, but that is a lot more
                   // work for little or no additional benefit, since just going ahead
                   // and always synthesizing the time format as per the following should
                   // create a locale-appropriate pattern with cycle that matches the
                   // region preferences anyway.
                   LocalPointer<DateTimePatternGenerator> dtpg(DateTimePatternGenerator::createInstanceNoStdPat(locale, useStatus));
                   if (U_SUCCESS(useStatus)) {
                       UnicodeString timeSkeleton(true, timeSkeletons[timeStyle], -1);
                       timePattern = dtpg->getBestPattern(timeSkeleton, useStatus);
                   }
               }
           }
       }
   }

   // if the pattern should include both date and time information, use the date/time
   // pattern string as a guide to tell use how to glue together the appropriate date
   // and time pattern strings.
   if ((timeStyle != kNone) && (dateStyle != kNone))
   {
       UnicodeString tempus1(timePattern);
       if (tempus1.length() == 0) {
           currentBundle.adoptInstead(
                   ures_getByIndex(dateTimePatterns.getAlias(), static_cast<int32_t>(timeStyle), nullptr, &status));
           if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
              status = U_INVALID_FORMAT_ERROR;
              return;
           }
           switch (ures_getType(currentBundle.getAlias())) {
               case URES_STRING: {
                  resStr = ures_getString(currentBundle.getAlias(), &resStrLen, &status);
                  break;
               }
               case URES_ARRAY: {
                  resStr = ures_getStringByIndex(currentBundle.getAlias(), 0, &resStrLen, &status);
                  ovrStr = ures_getStringByIndex(currentBundle.getAlias(), 1, &ovrStrLen, &status);
                  fTimeOverride.setTo(true, ovrStr, ovrStrLen);
                  break;
               }
               default: {
                  status = U_INVALID_FORMAT_ERROR;
                  return;
               }
           }

           tempus1.setTo(true, resStr, resStrLen);
       }

       currentBundle.adoptInstead(
               ures_getByIndex(dateTimePatterns.getAlias(), static_cast<int32_t>(dateStyle), nullptr, &status));
       if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
          status = U_INVALID_FORMAT_ERROR;
          return;
       }
       switch (ures_getType(currentBundle.getAlias())) {
           case URES_STRING: {
              resStr = ures_getString(currentBundle.getAlias(), &resStrLen, &status);
              break;
           }
           case URES_ARRAY: {
              resStr = ures_getStringByIndex(currentBundle.getAlias(), 0, &resStrLen, &status);
              ovrStr = ures_getStringByIndex(currentBundle.getAlias(), 1, &ovrStrLen, &status);
              fDateOverride.setTo(true, ovrStr, ovrStrLen);
              break;
           }
           default: {
              status = U_INVALID_FORMAT_ERROR;
              return;
           }
       }

       UnicodeString tempus2(true, resStr, resStrLen);

       // Currently, for compatibility with pre-CLDR-42 data, we default to the "atTime"
       // combining patterns. Depending on guidance in CLDR 42 spec and on DisplayOptions,
       // we may change this.
       LocalUResourceBundlePointer dateAtTimePatterns;
       if (!cTypeIsGregorian) {
           CharString resourcePath("calendar/", status);
           resourcePath.append(cType, status).append("/DateTimePatterns%atTime", status);
           dateAtTimePatterns.adoptInstead(
               ures_getByKeyWithFallback(bundle.getAlias(), resourcePath.data(),
                                         nullptr, &status));
       }
       if (cTypeIsGregorian || status == U_MISSING_RESOURCE_ERROR) {
           status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
           dateAtTimePatterns.adoptInstead(
               ures_getByKeyWithFallback(bundle.getAlias(),
                                         "calendar/gregorian/DateTimePatterns%atTime",
                                         nullptr, &status));
       }
       if (U_SUCCESS(status) && ures_getSize(dateAtTimePatterns.getAlias()) >= 4) {
           resStr = ures_getStringByIndex(dateAtTimePatterns.getAlias(), dateStyle - kDateOffset, &resStrLen, &status);
       } else {
           status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
           int32_t glueIndex = kDateTime;
           int32_t patternsSize = ures_getSize(dateTimePatterns.getAlias());
           if (patternsSize >= (kDateTimeOffset + kShort + 1)) {
               // Get proper date time format
               glueIndex = static_cast<int32_t>(kDateTimeOffset + (dateStyle - kDateOffset));
           }

           resStr = ures_getStringByIndex(dateTimePatterns.getAlias(), glueIndex, &resStrLen, &status);
       }
       SimpleFormatter(UnicodeString(true, resStr, resStrLen), 2, 2, status).
               format(tempus1, tempus2, fPattern, status);
   }
   // if the pattern includes just time data or just date date, load the appropriate
   // pattern string from the resources
   // setTo() - see DateFormatSymbols::assignArray comments
   else if (timeStyle != kNone) {
       fPattern.setTo(timePattern);
       if (fPattern.length() == 0) {
           currentBundle.adoptInstead(
                   ures_getByIndex(dateTimePatterns.getAlias(), static_cast<int32_t>(timeStyle), nullptr, &status));
           if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
              status = U_INVALID_FORMAT_ERROR;
              return;
           }
           switch (ures_getType(currentBundle.getAlias())) {
               case URES_STRING: {
                  resStr = ures_getString(currentBundle.getAlias(), &resStrLen, &status);
                  break;
               }
               case URES_ARRAY: {
                  resStr = ures_getStringByIndex(currentBundle.getAlias(), 0, &resStrLen, &status);
                  ovrStr = ures_getStringByIndex(currentBundle.getAlias(), 1, &ovrStrLen, &status);
                  fDateOverride.setTo(true, ovrStr, ovrStrLen);
                  break;
               }
               default: {
                  status = U_INVALID_FORMAT_ERROR;
                  return;
               }
           }
           fPattern.setTo(true, resStr, resStrLen);
       }
   }
   else if (dateStyle != kNone) {
       currentBundle.adoptInstead(
               ures_getByIndex(dateTimePatterns.getAlias(), static_cast<int32_t>(dateStyle), nullptr, &status));
       if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
          status = U_INVALID_FORMAT_ERROR;
          return;
       }
       switch (ures_getType(currentBundle.getAlias())) {
           case URES_STRING: {
              resStr = ures_getString(currentBundle.getAlias(), &resStrLen, &status);
              break;
           }
           case URES_ARRAY: {
              resStr = ures_getStringByIndex(currentBundle.getAlias(), 0, &resStrLen, &status);
              ovrStr = ures_getStringByIndex(currentBundle.getAlias(), 1, &ovrStrLen, &status);
              fDateOverride.setTo(true, ovrStr, ovrStrLen);
              break;
           }
           default: {
              status = U_INVALID_FORMAT_ERROR;
              return;
           }
       }
       fPattern.setTo(true, resStr, resStrLen);
   }

   // and if it includes _neither_, that's an error
   else
       status = U_INVALID_FORMAT_ERROR;

   // finally, finish initializing by creating a Calendar and a NumberFormat
   initialize(locale, status);
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

Calendar*
SimpleDateFormat::initializeCalendar(TimeZone* adoptZone, const Locale& locale, UErrorCode& status)
{
   if(!U_FAILURE(status)) {
       fCalendar = Calendar::createInstance(
           adoptZone ? adoptZone : TimeZone::forLocaleOrDefault(locale), locale, status);
   }
   return fCalendar;
}

void
SimpleDateFormat::initialize(const Locale& locale,
                            UErrorCode& status)
{
   if (U_FAILURE(status)) return;

   parsePattern(); // Need this before initNumberFormatters(), to set fHasHanYearChar

   // Simple-minded hack to force Gannen year numbering for ja@calendar=japanese
   // if format is non-numeric (includes 年) and fDateOverride is not already specified.
   // Now this does get updated if applyPattern subsequently changes the pattern type.
   if (fDateOverride.isBogus() && fHasHanYearChar &&
           fCalendar != nullptr &&
           typeid(*fCalendar) == typeid(JapaneseCalendar) &&
           uprv_strcmp(fLocale.getLanguage(),"ja") == 0) {
       fDateOverride.setTo(u"y=jpanyear", -1);
   }

   // We don't need to check that the row count is >= 1, since all 2d arrays have at
   // least one row
   fNumberFormat = NumberFormat::createInstance(locale, status);
   if (fNumberFormat != nullptr && U_SUCCESS(status))
   {
       fixNumberFormatForDates(*fNumberFormat);
       //fNumberFormat->setLenient(true); // Java uses a custom DateNumberFormat to format/parse

       initNumberFormatters(locale, status);
       initSimpleNumberFormatter(status);

   }
   else if (U_SUCCESS(status))
   {
       status = U_MISSING_RESOURCE_ERROR;
   }
}

/* Initialize the fields we use to disambiguate ambiguous years. Separate
* so we can call it from readObject().
*/
void SimpleDateFormat::initializeDefaultCentury()
{
 if(fCalendar) {
   fHaveDefaultCentury = fCalendar->haveDefaultCentury();
   if(fHaveDefaultCentury) {
     fDefaultCenturyStart = fCalendar->defaultCenturyStart();
     fDefaultCenturyStartYear = fCalendar->defaultCenturyStartYear();
   } else {
     fDefaultCenturyStart = DBL_MIN;
     fDefaultCenturyStartYear = -1;
   }
 }
}

/*
* Initialize the boolean attributes. Separate so we can call it from all constructors.
*/
void SimpleDateFormat::initializeBooleanAttributes()
{
   UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;

   setBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_ALLOW_WHITESPACE, true, status);
   setBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_ALLOW_NUMERIC, true, status);
   setBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_PARTIAL_LITERAL_MATCH, true, status);
   setBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, true, status);
}

/* Define one-century window into which to disambiguate dates using
* two-digit years. Make public in JDK 1.2.
*/
void SimpleDateFormat::parseAmbiguousDatesAsAfter(UDate startDate, UErrorCode& status)
{
   if(U_FAILURE(status)) {
       return;
   }
   if(!fCalendar) {
     status = U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR;
     return;
   }

   fCalendar->setTime(startDate, status);
   if(U_SUCCESS(status)) {
       fHaveDefaultCentury = true;
       fDefaultCenturyStart = startDate;
       fDefaultCenturyStartYear = fCalendar->get(UCAL_YEAR, status);
   }
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

UnicodeString&
SimpleDateFormat::format(Calendar& cal, UnicodeString& appendTo, FieldPosition& pos) const
{
 UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
 FieldPositionOnlyHandler handler(pos);
 return _format(cal, appendTo, handler, status);
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

UnicodeString&
SimpleDateFormat::format(Calendar& cal, UnicodeString& appendTo,
                        FieldPositionIterator* posIter, UErrorCode& status) const
{
 FieldPositionIteratorHandler handler(posIter, status);
 return _format(cal, appendTo, handler, status);
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

UnicodeString&
SimpleDateFormat::_format(Calendar& cal, UnicodeString& appendTo,
                           FieldPositionHandler& handler, UErrorCode& status) const
{
   if ( U_FAILURE(status) ) {
      return appendTo;
   }
   Calendar* workCal = &cal;
   Calendar* calClone = nullptr;
   if (&cal != fCalendar && typeid(cal) != typeid(*fCalendar)) {
       // Different calendar type
       // We use the time and time zone from the input calendar, but
       // do not use the input calendar for field calculation.
       calClone = fCalendar->clone();
       if (calClone != nullptr) {
           UDate t = cal.getTime(status);
           calClone->setTime(t, status);
           calClone->setTimeZone(cal.getTimeZone());
           workCal = calClone;
       } else {
           status = U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
           return appendTo;
       }
   }

   UBool inQuote = false;
   char16_t prevCh = 0;
   int32_t count = 0;
   int32_t fieldNum = 0;
   UDisplayContext capitalizationContext = getContext(UDISPCTX_TYPE_CAPITALIZATION, status);

   // loop through the pattern string character by character
   int32_t patternLength = fPattern.length();
   for (int32_t i = 0; i < patternLength && U_SUCCESS(status); ++i) {
       char16_t ch = fPattern[i];

       // Use subFormat() to format a repeated pattern character
       // when a different pattern or non-pattern character is seen
       if (ch != prevCh && count > 0) {
           subFormat(appendTo, prevCh, count, capitalizationContext, fieldNum++,
                     prevCh, handler, *workCal, status);
           count = 0;
       }
       if (ch == QUOTE) {
           // Consecutive single quotes are a single quote literal,
           // either outside of quotes or between quotes
           if ((i+1) < patternLength && fPattern[i+1] == QUOTE) {
               appendTo += QUOTE;
               ++i;
           } else {
               inQuote = ! inQuote;
           }
       }
       else if (!inQuote && isSyntaxChar(ch)) {
           // ch is a date-time pattern character to be interpreted
           // by subFormat(); count the number of times it is repeated
           prevCh = ch;
           ++count;
       }
       else {
           // Append quoted characters and unquoted non-pattern characters
           appendTo += ch;
       }
   }

   // Format the last item in the pattern, if any
   if (count > 0) {
       subFormat(appendTo, prevCh, count, capitalizationContext, fieldNum++,
                 prevCh, handler, *workCal, status);
   }

   delete calClone;

   return appendTo;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

/* Map calendar field into calendar field level.
* the larger the level, the smaller the field unit.
* For example, UCAL_ERA level is 0, UCAL_YEAR level is 10,
* UCAL_MONTH level is 20.
* NOTE: if new fields adds in, the table needs to update.
*/
const int32_t
SimpleDateFormat::fgCalendarFieldToLevel[] =
{
   /*GyM*/ 0, 10, 20,
   /*wW*/ 20, 30,
   /*dDEF*/ 30, 20, 30, 30,
   /*ahHm*/ 40, 50, 50, 60,
   /*sS*/ 70, 80,
   /*z?Y*/ 0, 0, 10,
   /*eug*/ 30, 10, 0,
   /*A?.*/ 40, 0, 0
};

int32_t SimpleDateFormat::getLevelFromChar(char16_t ch) {
   // Map date field LETTER into calendar field level.
   // the larger the level, the smaller the field unit.
   // NOTE: if new fields adds in, the table needs to update.
   static const int32_t mapCharToLevel[] = {
           -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
       //
           -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
       //       !   "   #   $   %   &   '   (   )   *   +   ,   -   .   /
           -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
#if UDAT_HAS_PATTERN_CHAR_FOR_TIME_SEPARATOR
       //   0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   :   ;   <   =   >   ?
           -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,  0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
#else
       //   0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   :   ;   <   =   >   ?
           -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
#endif
       //   @   A   B   C   D   E   F   G   H   I   J   K   L   M   N   O
           -1, 40, -1, -1, 20, 30, 30,  0, 50, -1, -1, 50, 20, 20, -1,  0,
       //   P   Q   R   S   T   U   V   W   X   Y   Z   [   \   ]   ^   _
           -1, 20, -1, 80, -1, 10,  0, 30,  0, 10,  0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
       //   `   a   b   c   d   e   f   g   h   i   j   k   l   m   n   o
           -1, 40, -1, 30, 30, 30, -1,  0, 50, -1, -1, 50,  0, 60, -1, -1,
       //   p   q   r   s   t   u   v   w   x   y   z   {   |   }   ~
           -1, 20, 10, 70, -1, 10,  0, 20,  0, 10,  0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1
   };

   return ch < UPRV_LENGTHOF(mapCharToLevel) ? mapCharToLevel[ch] : -1;
}

UBool SimpleDateFormat::isSyntaxChar(char16_t ch) {
   static const UBool mapCharToIsSyntax[] = {
       //
       false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false,
       //
       false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false,
       //
       false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false,
       //
       false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false,
       //         !      "      #      $      %      &      '
       false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false,
       //  (      )      *      +      ,      -      .      /
       false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false,
       //  0      1      2      3      4      5      6      7
       false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false,
#if UDAT_HAS_PATTERN_CHAR_FOR_TIME_SEPARATOR
       //  8      9      :      ;      <      =      >      ?
       false, false,  true, false, false, false, false, false,
#else
       //  8      9      :      ;      <      =      >      ?
       false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false,
#endif
       //  @      A      B      C      D      E      F      G
       false,  true,  true,  true,  true,  true,  true,  true,
       //  H      I      J      K      L      M      N      O
        true,  true,  true,  true,  true,  true,  true,  true,
       //  P      Q      R      S      T      U      V      W
        true,  true,  true,  true,  true,  true,  true,  true,
       //  X      Y      Z      [      \      ]      ^      _
        true,  true,  true, false, false, false, false, false,
       //  `      a      b      c      d      e      f      g
       false,  true,  true,  true,  true,  true,  true,  true,
       //  h      i      j      k      l      m      n      o
        true,  true,  true,  true,  true,  true,  true,  true,
       //  p      q      r      s      t      u      v      w
        true,  true,  true,  true,  true,  true,  true,  true,
       //  x      y      z      {      |      }      ~
        true,  true,  true, false, false, false, false, false
   };

   return ch < UPRV_LENGTHOF(mapCharToIsSyntax) ? mapCharToIsSyntax[ch] : false;
}

// Map index into pattern character string to Calendar field number.
const UCalendarDateFields
SimpleDateFormat::fgPatternIndexToCalendarField[] =
{
   /*GyM*/ UCAL_ERA, UCAL_YEAR, UCAL_MONTH,
   /*dkH*/ UCAL_DATE, UCAL_HOUR_OF_DAY, UCAL_HOUR_OF_DAY,
   /*msS*/ UCAL_MINUTE, UCAL_SECOND, UCAL_MILLISECOND,
   /*EDF*/ UCAL_DAY_OF_WEEK, UCAL_DAY_OF_YEAR, UCAL_DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH,
   /*wWa*/ UCAL_WEEK_OF_YEAR, UCAL_WEEK_OF_MONTH, UCAL_AM_PM,
   /*hKz*/ UCAL_HOUR, UCAL_HOUR, UCAL_ZONE_OFFSET,
   /*Yeu*/ UCAL_YEAR_WOY, UCAL_DOW_LOCAL, UCAL_EXTENDED_YEAR,
   /*gAZ*/ UCAL_JULIAN_DAY, UCAL_MILLISECONDS_IN_DAY, UCAL_ZONE_OFFSET,
   /*v*/   UCAL_ZONE_OFFSET,
   /*c*/   UCAL_DOW_LOCAL,
   /*L*/   UCAL_MONTH,
   /*Q*/   UCAL_MONTH,
   /*q*/   UCAL_MONTH,
   /*V*/   UCAL_ZONE_OFFSET,
   /*U*/   UCAL_YEAR,
   /*O*/   UCAL_ZONE_OFFSET,
   /*Xx*/  UCAL_ZONE_OFFSET, UCAL_ZONE_OFFSET,
   /*r*/   UCAL_EXTENDED_YEAR,
   /*bB*/   UCAL_FIELD_COUNT, UCAL_FIELD_COUNT,  // no mappings to calendar fields
#if UDAT_HAS_PATTERN_CHAR_FOR_TIME_SEPARATOR
   /*:*/   UCAL_FIELD_COUNT, /* => no useful mapping to any calendar field */
#else
   /*no pattern char for UDAT_TIME_SEPARATOR_FIELD*/   UCAL_FIELD_COUNT, /* => no useful mapping to any calendar field */
#endif
};

// Map index into pattern character string to DateFormat field number
const UDateFormatField
SimpleDateFormat::fgPatternIndexToDateFormatField[] = {
   /*GyM*/ UDAT_ERA_FIELD, UDAT_YEAR_FIELD, UDAT_MONTH_FIELD,
   /*dkH*/ UDAT_DATE_FIELD, UDAT_HOUR_OF_DAY1_FIELD, UDAT_HOUR_OF_DAY0_FIELD,
   /*msS*/ UDAT_MINUTE_FIELD, UDAT_SECOND_FIELD, UDAT_FRACTIONAL_SECOND_FIELD,
   /*EDF*/ UDAT_DAY_OF_WEEK_FIELD, UDAT_DAY_OF_YEAR_FIELD, UDAT_DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH_FIELD,
   /*wWa*/ UDAT_WEEK_OF_YEAR_FIELD, UDAT_WEEK_OF_MONTH_FIELD, UDAT_AM_PM_FIELD,
   /*hKz*/ UDAT_HOUR1_FIELD, UDAT_HOUR0_FIELD, UDAT_TIMEZONE_FIELD,
   /*Yeu*/ UDAT_YEAR_WOY_FIELD, UDAT_DOW_LOCAL_FIELD, UDAT_EXTENDED_YEAR_FIELD,
   /*gAZ*/ UDAT_JULIAN_DAY_FIELD, UDAT_MILLISECONDS_IN_DAY_FIELD, UDAT_TIMEZONE_RFC_FIELD,
   /*v*/   UDAT_TIMEZONE_GENERIC_FIELD,
   /*c*/   UDAT_STANDALONE_DAY_FIELD,
   /*L*/   UDAT_STANDALONE_MONTH_FIELD,
   /*Q*/   UDAT_QUARTER_FIELD,
   /*q*/   UDAT_STANDALONE_QUARTER_FIELD,
   /*V*/   UDAT_TIMEZONE_SPECIAL_FIELD,
   /*U*/   UDAT_YEAR_NAME_FIELD,
   /*O*/   UDAT_TIMEZONE_LOCALIZED_GMT_OFFSET_FIELD,
   /*Xx*/  UDAT_TIMEZONE_ISO_FIELD, UDAT_TIMEZONE_ISO_LOCAL_FIELD,
   /*r*/   UDAT_RELATED_YEAR_FIELD,
   /*bB*/  UDAT_AM_PM_MIDNIGHT_NOON_FIELD, UDAT_FLEXIBLE_DAY_PERIOD_FIELD,
#if UDAT_HAS_PATTERN_CHAR_FOR_TIME_SEPARATOR
   /*:*/   UDAT_TIME_SEPARATOR_FIELD,
#else
   /*no pattern char for UDAT_TIME_SEPARATOR_FIELD*/   UDAT_TIME_SEPARATOR_FIELD,
#endif
};

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

/**
* Append symbols[value] to dst.  Make sure the array index is not out
* of bounds.
*/
static inline void
_appendSymbol(UnicodeString& dst,
             int32_t value,
             const UnicodeString* symbols,
             int32_t symbolsCount) {
   U_ASSERT(0 <= value && value < symbolsCount);
   if (0 <= value && value < symbolsCount) {
       dst += symbols[value];
   }
}

static inline void
_appendSymbolWithMonthPattern(UnicodeString& dst, int32_t value, const UnicodeString* symbols, int32_t symbolsCount,
             const UnicodeString* monthPattern, UErrorCode& status) {
   U_ASSERT(0 <= value && value < symbolsCount);
   if (0 <= value && value < symbolsCount) {
       if (monthPattern == nullptr) {
           dst += symbols[value];
       } else {
           SimpleFormatter(*monthPattern, 1, 1, status).format(symbols[value], dst, status);
       }
   }
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

void
SimpleDateFormat::initSimpleNumberFormatter(UErrorCode &status) {
   if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
       return;
   }
   const auto* df = dynamic_cast<const DecimalFormat*>(fNumberFormat);
   if (df == nullptr) {
       return;
   }
   const DecimalFormatSymbols* syms = df->getDecimalFormatSymbols();
   if (syms == nullptr) {
       return;
   }
   fSimpleNumberFormatter = new number::SimpleNumberFormatter(
       number::SimpleNumberFormatter::forLocaleAndSymbolsAndGroupingStrategy(
           fLocale, *syms, UNUM_GROUPING_OFF, status
       )
   );
   if (fSimpleNumberFormatter == nullptr) {
       status = U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
   }
}

void
SimpleDateFormat::initNumberFormatters(const Locale &locale,UErrorCode &status) {
   if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
       return;
   }
   if ( fDateOverride.isBogus() && fTimeOverride.isBogus() ) {
       return;
   }
   umtx_lock(&LOCK);
   if (fSharedNumberFormatters == nullptr) {
       fSharedNumberFormatters = allocSharedNumberFormatters();
       if (fSharedNumberFormatters == nullptr) {
           status = U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
       }
   }
   umtx_unlock(&LOCK);

   if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
       return;
   }

   processOverrideString(locale,fDateOverride,kOvrStrDate,status);
   processOverrideString(locale,fTimeOverride,kOvrStrTime,status);
}

void
SimpleDateFormat::processOverrideString(const Locale &locale, const UnicodeString &str, int8_t type, UErrorCode &status) {
   if (str.isBogus() || U_FAILURE(status)) {
       return;
   }

   int32_t start = 0;
   int32_t len;
   UnicodeString nsName;
   UnicodeString ovrField;
   UBool moreToProcess = true;
   NSOverride *overrideList = nullptr;

   while (moreToProcess) {
       int32_t delimiterPosition = str.indexOf(static_cast<char16_t>(ULOC_KEYWORD_ITEM_SEPARATOR_UNICODE), start);
       if (delimiterPosition == -1) {
           moreToProcess = false;
           len = str.length() - start;
       } else {
           len = delimiterPosition - start;
       }
       UnicodeString currentString(str,start,len);
       int32_t equalSignPosition = currentString.indexOf(static_cast<char16_t>(ULOC_KEYWORD_ASSIGN_UNICODE), 0);
       if (equalSignPosition == -1) { // Simple override string such as "hebrew"
           nsName.setTo(currentString);
           ovrField.setToBogus();
       } else { // Field specific override string such as "y=hebrew"
           nsName.setTo(currentString,equalSignPosition+1);
           ovrField.setTo(currentString,0,1); // We just need the first character.
       }

       int32_t nsNameHash = nsName.hashCode();
       // See if the numbering system is in the override list, if not, then add it.
       NSOverride *curr = overrideList;
       const SharedNumberFormat *snf = nullptr;
       UBool found = false;
       while ( curr && !found ) {
           if ( curr->hash == nsNameHash ) {
               snf = curr->snf;
               found = true;
           }
           curr = curr->next;
       }

       if (!found) {
          LocalPointer<NSOverride> cur(new NSOverride);
          if (!cur.isNull()) {
              char kw[ULOC_KEYWORD_AND_VALUES_CAPACITY];
              uprv_strcpy(kw,"numbers=");
              nsName.extract(0,len,kw+8,ULOC_KEYWORD_AND_VALUES_CAPACITY-8,US_INV);

              Locale ovrLoc(locale.getLanguage(),locale.getCountry(),locale.getVariant(),kw);
              cur->hash = nsNameHash;
              cur->next = overrideList;
              SharedObject::copyPtr(
                      createSharedNumberFormat(ovrLoc, status), cur->snf);
              if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
                  if (overrideList) {
                      overrideList->free();
                  }
                  return;
              }
              snf = cur->snf;
              overrideList = cur.orphan();
          } else {
              status = U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
              if (overrideList) {
                  overrideList->free();
              }
              return;
          }
       }

       // Now that we have an appropriate number formatter, fill in the appropriate spaces in the
       // number formatters table.
       if (ovrField.isBogus()) {
           switch (type) {
               case kOvrStrDate:
               case kOvrStrBoth: {
                   for ( int8_t i=0 ; i<kDateFieldsCount; i++ ) {
                       SharedObject::copyPtr(snf, fSharedNumberFormatters[kDateFields[i]]);
                   }
                   if (type==kOvrStrDate) {
                       break;
                   }
                   U_FALLTHROUGH;
               }
               case kOvrStrTime : {
                   for ( int8_t i=0 ; i<kTimeFieldsCount; i++ ) {
                       SharedObject::copyPtr(snf, fSharedNumberFormatters[kTimeFields[i]]);
                   }
                   break;
               }
           }
       } else {
          // if the pattern character is unrecognized, signal an error and bail out
          UDateFormatField patternCharIndex =
             DateFormatSymbols::getPatternCharIndex(ovrField.charAt(0));
          if (patternCharIndex == UDAT_FIELD_COUNT) {
              status = U_INVALID_FORMAT_ERROR;
              if (overrideList) {
                  overrideList->free();
              }
              return;
          }
          SharedObject::copyPtr(snf, fSharedNumberFormatters[patternCharIndex]);
       }

       start = delimiterPosition + 1;
   }
   if (overrideList) {
       overrideList->free();
   }
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------------
void
SimpleDateFormat::subFormat(UnicodeString &appendTo,
                           char16_t ch,
                           int32_t count,
                           UDisplayContext capitalizationContext,
                           int32_t fieldNum,
                           char16_t fieldToOutput,
                           FieldPositionHandler& handler,
                           Calendar& cal,
                           UErrorCode& status) const
{
   static const int32_t maxIntCount = 10;
   static const UnicodeString hebr(u"hebr");

   if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
       return;
   }

   // this function gets called by format() to produce the appropriate substitution
   // text for an individual pattern symbol (e.g., "HH" or "yyyy")

   UDateFormatField patternCharIndex = DateFormatSymbols::getPatternCharIndex(ch);
   int32_t beginOffset = appendTo.length();
   DateFormatSymbols::ECapitalizationContextUsageType capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageOther;

   // if the pattern character is unrecognized, signal an error and dump out
   if (patternCharIndex == UDAT_FIELD_COUNT)
   {
       if (ch != 0x6C) { // pattern char 'l' (SMALL LETTER L) just gets ignored
           status = U_INVALID_FORMAT_ERROR;
       }
       return;
   }

   UCalendarDateFields field = fgPatternIndexToCalendarField[patternCharIndex];
   int32_t value = 0;
   // Don't get value unless it is useful
   if (field < UCAL_FIELD_COUNT) {
       value = (patternCharIndex != UDAT_RELATED_YEAR_FIELD)? cal.get(field, status): cal.getRelatedYear(status);
       if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
           return;
       }
   }

   const NumberFormat *currentNumberFormat = getNumberFormatByIndex(patternCharIndex);
   if (currentNumberFormat == nullptr) {
       status = U_INTERNAL_PROGRAM_ERROR;
       return;
   }

   switch (patternCharIndex) {

   // for any "G" symbol, write out the appropriate era string
   // "GGGG" is wide era name, "GGGGG" is narrow era name, anything else is abbreviated name
   case UDAT_ERA_FIELD:
       {
           const char* type = cal.getType();
           if (strcmp(type, "chinese") == 0 ||
               strcmp(type, "dangi") == 0) {
               zeroPaddingNumber(currentNumberFormat,appendTo, value, 1, 9); // as in ICU4J
           } else {
               if (count == 5) {
                   _appendSymbol(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fNarrowEras, fSymbols->fNarrowErasCount);
                   capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageEraNarrow;
               } else if (count == 4) {
                   _appendSymbol(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fEraNames, fSymbols->fEraNamesCount);
                   capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageEraWide;
               } else {
                   _appendSymbol(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fEras, fSymbols->fErasCount);
                   capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageEraAbbrev;
               }
           }
       }
       break;

    case UDAT_YEAR_NAME_FIELD:
       if (fSymbols->fShortYearNames != nullptr && value <= fSymbols->fShortYearNamesCount) {
           // the Calendar YEAR field runs 1 through 60 for cyclic years
           _appendSymbol(appendTo, value - 1, fSymbols->fShortYearNames, fSymbols->fShortYearNamesCount);
           break;
       }
       // else fall through to numeric year handling, do not break here
       U_FALLTHROUGH;

  // OLD: for "yyyy", write out the whole year; for "yy", write out the last 2 digits
   // NEW: UTS#35:
//Year         y     yy     yyy     yyyy     yyyyy
//AD 1         1     01     001     0001     00001
//AD 12       12     12     012     0012     00012
//AD 123     123     23     123     0123     00123
//AD 1234   1234     34    1234     1234     01234
//AD 12345 12345     45   12345    12345     12345
   case UDAT_YEAR_FIELD:
   case UDAT_YEAR_WOY_FIELD:
       if (fDateOverride.compare(hebr)==0 && value>HEBREW_CAL_CUR_MILLENIUM_START_YEAR && value<HEBREW_CAL_CUR_MILLENIUM_END_YEAR) {
           value-=HEBREW_CAL_CUR_MILLENIUM_START_YEAR;
       }
       if(count == 2)
           zeroPaddingNumber(currentNumberFormat, appendTo, value, 2, 2);
       else
           zeroPaddingNumber(currentNumberFormat, appendTo, value, count, maxIntCount);
       break;

   // for "MMMM"/"LLLL", write out the whole month name, for "MMM"/"LLL", write out the month
   // abbreviation, for "M"/"L" or "MM"/"LL", write out the month as a number with the
   // appropriate number of digits
   // for "MMMMM"/"LLLLL", use the narrow form
   case UDAT_MONTH_FIELD:
   case UDAT_STANDALONE_MONTH_FIELD:
       if (typeid(cal) == typeid(HebrewCalendar)) {
          if (HebrewCalendar::isLeapYear(cal.get(UCAL_YEAR,status)) && value == 6 && count >= 3 )
              value = 13; // Show alternate form for Adar II in leap years in Hebrew calendar.
          if (!HebrewCalendar::isLeapYear(cal.get(UCAL_YEAR,status)) && value >= 6 && count < 3 )
              value--; // Adjust the month number down 1 in Hebrew non-leap years, i.e. Adar is 6, not 7.
       }
       {
           int32_t isLeapMonth = (fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatterns != nullptr && fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatternsCount >= DateFormatSymbols::kMonthPatternsCount)?
                       cal.get(UCAL_IS_LEAP_MONTH, status): 0;
           // should consolidate the next section by using arrays of pointers & counts for the right symbols...
           if (count == 5) {
               if (patternCharIndex == UDAT_MONTH_FIELD) {
                   _appendSymbolWithMonthPattern(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fNarrowMonths, fSymbols->fNarrowMonthsCount,
                           (isLeapMonth!=0)? &(fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatterns[DateFormatSymbols::kLeapMonthPatternFormatNarrow]): nullptr, status);
               } else {
                   _appendSymbolWithMonthPattern(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fStandaloneNarrowMonths, fSymbols->fStandaloneNarrowMonthsCount,
                           (isLeapMonth!=0)? &(fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatterns[DateFormatSymbols::kLeapMonthPatternStandaloneNarrow]): nullptr, status);
               }
               capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageMonthNarrow;
           } else if (count == 4) {
               if (patternCharIndex == UDAT_MONTH_FIELD) {
                   _appendSymbolWithMonthPattern(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fMonths, fSymbols->fMonthsCount,
                           (isLeapMonth!=0)? &(fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatterns[DateFormatSymbols::kLeapMonthPatternFormatWide]): nullptr, status);
                   capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageMonthFormat;
               } else {
                   _appendSymbolWithMonthPattern(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fStandaloneMonths, fSymbols->fStandaloneMonthsCount,
                           (isLeapMonth!=0)? &(fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatterns[DateFormatSymbols::kLeapMonthPatternStandaloneWide]): nullptr, status);
                   capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageMonthStandalone;
               }
           } else if (count == 3) {
               if (patternCharIndex == UDAT_MONTH_FIELD) {
                   _appendSymbolWithMonthPattern(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fShortMonths, fSymbols->fShortMonthsCount,
                           (isLeapMonth!=0)? &(fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatterns[DateFormatSymbols::kLeapMonthPatternFormatAbbrev]): nullptr, status);
                   capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageMonthFormat;
               } else {
                   _appendSymbolWithMonthPattern(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fStandaloneShortMonths, fSymbols->fStandaloneShortMonthsCount,
                           (isLeapMonth!=0)? &(fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatterns[DateFormatSymbols::kLeapMonthPatternStandaloneAbbrev]): nullptr, status);
                   capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageMonthStandalone;
               }
           } else {
               UnicodeString monthNumber;
               zeroPaddingNumber(currentNumberFormat,monthNumber, value + 1, count, maxIntCount);
               _appendSymbolWithMonthPattern(appendTo, 0, &monthNumber, 1,
                       (isLeapMonth!=0)? &(fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatterns[DateFormatSymbols::kLeapMonthPatternNumeric]): nullptr, status);
           }
       }
       break;

   // for "k" and "kk", write out the hour, adjusting midnight to appear as "24"
   case UDAT_HOUR_OF_DAY1_FIELD:
       if (value == 0)
           zeroPaddingNumber(currentNumberFormat,appendTo, cal.getMaximum(UCAL_HOUR_OF_DAY) + 1, count, maxIntCount);
       else
           zeroPaddingNumber(currentNumberFormat,appendTo, value, count, maxIntCount);
       break;

   case UDAT_FRACTIONAL_SECOND_FIELD:
       // Fractional seconds left-justify
       {
           int32_t minDigits = (count > 3) ? 3 : count;
           if (count == 1) {
               value /= 100;
           } else if (count == 2) {
               value /= 10;
           }
           zeroPaddingNumber(currentNumberFormat, appendTo, value, minDigits, maxIntCount);
           if (count > 3) {
               zeroPaddingNumber(currentNumberFormat, appendTo, 0, count - 3, maxIntCount);
           }
       }
       break;

   // for "ee" or "e", use local numeric day-of-the-week
   // for "EEEEEE" or "eeeeee", write out the short day-of-the-week name
   // for "EEEEE" or "eeeee", write out the narrow day-of-the-week name
   // for "EEEE" or "eeee", write out the wide day-of-the-week name
   // for "EEE" or "EE" or "E" or "eee", write out the abbreviated day-of-the-week name
   case UDAT_DOW_LOCAL_FIELD:
       if ( count < 3 ) {
           zeroPaddingNumber(currentNumberFormat,appendTo, value, count, maxIntCount);
           break;
       }
       // fall through to EEEEE-EEE handling, but for that we don't want local day-of-week,
       // we want standard day-of-week, so first fix value to work for EEEEE-EEE.
       value = cal.get(UCAL_DAY_OF_WEEK, status);
       if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
           return;
       }
       // fall through, do not break here
       U_FALLTHROUGH;
   case UDAT_DAY_OF_WEEK_FIELD:
       if (count == 5) {
           _appendSymbol(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fNarrowWeekdays,
                         fSymbols->fNarrowWeekdaysCount);
           capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageDayNarrow;
       } else if (count == 4) {
           _appendSymbol(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fWeekdays,
                         fSymbols->fWeekdaysCount);
           capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageDayFormat;
       } else if (count == 6) {
           _appendSymbol(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fShorterWeekdays,
                         fSymbols->fShorterWeekdaysCount);
           capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageDayFormat;
       } else {
           _appendSymbol(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fShortWeekdays,
                         fSymbols->fShortWeekdaysCount);
           capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageDayFormat;
       }
       break;

   // for "ccc", write out the abbreviated day-of-the-week name
   // for "cccc", write out the wide day-of-the-week name
   // for "ccccc", use the narrow day-of-the-week name
   // for "ccccc", use the short day-of-the-week name
   case UDAT_STANDALONE_DAY_FIELD:
       if ( count < 3 ) {
           zeroPaddingNumber(currentNumberFormat,appendTo, value, 1, maxIntCount);
           break;
       }
       // fall through to alpha DOW handling, but for that we don't want local day-of-week,
       // we want standard day-of-week, so first fix value.
       value = cal.get(UCAL_DAY_OF_WEEK, status);
       if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
           return;
       }
       if (count == 5) {
           _appendSymbol(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fStandaloneNarrowWeekdays,
                         fSymbols->fStandaloneNarrowWeekdaysCount);
           capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageDayNarrow;
       } else if (count == 4) {
           _appendSymbol(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fStandaloneWeekdays,
                         fSymbols->fStandaloneWeekdaysCount);
           capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageDayStandalone;
       } else if (count == 6) {
           _appendSymbol(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fStandaloneShorterWeekdays,
                         fSymbols->fStandaloneShorterWeekdaysCount);
           capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageDayStandalone;
       } else { // count == 3
           _appendSymbol(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fStandaloneShortWeekdays,
                         fSymbols->fStandaloneShortWeekdaysCount);
           capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageDayStandalone;
       }
       break;

   // for "a" symbol, write out the whole AM/PM string
   case UDAT_AM_PM_FIELD:
       if (count == 4) {
           _appendSymbol(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fWideAmPms,
                         fSymbols->fWideAmPmsCount);
       } else if (count == 5) {
           _appendSymbol(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fNarrowAmPms,
                         fSymbols->fNarrowAmPmsCount);
       } else {
           _appendSymbol(appendTo, value, fSymbols->fAmPms,
                         fSymbols->fAmPmsCount);
       }
       break;

   // if we see pattern character for UDAT_TIME_SEPARATOR_FIELD (none currently defined),
   // write out the time separator string. Leave support in for future definition.
   case UDAT_TIME_SEPARATOR_FIELD:
       {
           UnicodeString separator;
           appendTo += fSymbols->getTimeSeparatorString(separator);
       }
       break;

   // for "h" and "hh", write out the hour, adjusting noon and midnight to show up
   // as "12"
   case UDAT_HOUR1_FIELD:
       if (value == 0)
           zeroPaddingNumber(currentNumberFormat,appendTo, cal.getLeastMaximum(UCAL_HOUR) + 1, count, maxIntCount);
       else
           zeroPaddingNumber(currentNumberFormat,appendTo, value, count, maxIntCount);
       break;

   case UDAT_TIMEZONE_FIELD: // 'z'
   case UDAT_TIMEZONE_RFC_FIELD: // 'Z'
   case UDAT_TIMEZONE_GENERIC_FIELD: // 'v'
   case UDAT_TIMEZONE_SPECIAL_FIELD: // 'V'
   case UDAT_TIMEZONE_LOCALIZED_GMT_OFFSET_FIELD: // 'O'
   case UDAT_TIMEZONE_ISO_FIELD: // 'X'
   case UDAT_TIMEZONE_ISO_LOCAL_FIELD: // 'x'
       {
           char16_t zsbuf[ZONE_NAME_U16_MAX];
           UnicodeString zoneString(zsbuf, 0, UPRV_LENGTHOF(zsbuf));
           const TimeZone& tz = cal.getTimeZone();
           UDate date = cal.getTime(status);
           const TimeZoneFormat *tzfmt = tzFormat(status);
           if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
               switch (patternCharIndex) {
               case UDAT_TIMEZONE_FIELD:
                   if (count < 4) {
                       // "z", "zz", "zzz"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_SPECIFIC_SHORT, tz, date, zoneString);
                       capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageMetazoneShort;
                   } else {
                       // "zzzz" or longer
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_SPECIFIC_LONG, tz, date, zoneString);
                       capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageMetazoneLong;
                   }
                   break;
               case UDAT_TIMEZONE_RFC_FIELD:
                   if (count < 4) {
                       // "Z"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_BASIC_LOCAL_FULL, tz, date, zoneString);
                   } else if (count == 5) {
                       // "ZZZZZ"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_EXTENDED_FULL, tz, date, zoneString);
                   } else {
                       // "ZZ", "ZZZ", "ZZZZ"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_LOCALIZED_GMT, tz, date, zoneString);
                   }
                   break;
               case UDAT_TIMEZONE_GENERIC_FIELD:
                   if (count == 1) {
                       // "v"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_GENERIC_SHORT, tz, date, zoneString);
                       capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageMetazoneShort;
                   } else if (count == 4) {
                       // "vvvv"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_GENERIC_LONG, tz, date, zoneString);
                       capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageMetazoneLong;
                   }
                   break;
               case UDAT_TIMEZONE_SPECIAL_FIELD:
                   if (count == 1) {
                       // "V"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_ZONE_ID_SHORT, tz, date, zoneString);
                   } else if (count == 2) {
                       // "VV"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_ZONE_ID, tz, date, zoneString);
                   } else if (count == 3) {
                       // "VVV"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_EXEMPLAR_LOCATION, tz, date, zoneString);
                   } else if (count == 4) {
                       // "VVVV"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_GENERIC_LOCATION, tz, date, zoneString);
                       capContextUsageType = DateFormatSymbols::kCapContextUsageZoneLong;
                   }
                   break;
               case UDAT_TIMEZONE_LOCALIZED_GMT_OFFSET_FIELD:
                   if (count == 1) {
                       // "O"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_LOCALIZED_GMT_SHORT, tz, date, zoneString);
                   } else if (count == 4) {
                       // "OOOO"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_LOCALIZED_GMT, tz, date, zoneString);
                   }
                   break;
               case UDAT_TIMEZONE_ISO_FIELD:
                   if (count == 1) {
                       // "X"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_BASIC_SHORT, tz, date, zoneString);
                   } else if (count == 2) {
                       // "XX"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_BASIC_FIXED, tz, date, zoneString);
                   } else if (count == 3) {
                       // "XXX"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_EXTENDED_FIXED, tz, date, zoneString);
                   } else if (count == 4) {
                       // "XXXX"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_BASIC_FULL, tz, date, zoneString);
                   } else if (count == 5) {
                       // "XXXXX"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_EXTENDED_FULL, tz, date, zoneString);
                   }
                   break;
               case UDAT_TIMEZONE_ISO_LOCAL_FIELD:
                   if (count == 1) {
                       // "x"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_BASIC_LOCAL_SHORT, tz, date, zoneString);
                   } else if (count == 2) {
                       // "xx"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_BASIC_LOCAL_FIXED, tz, date, zoneString);
                   } else if (count == 3) {
                       // "xxx"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_EXTENDED_LOCAL_FIXED, tz, date, zoneString);
                   } else if (count == 4) {
                       // "xxxx"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_BASIC_LOCAL_FULL, tz, date, zoneString);
                   } else if (count == 5) {
                       // "xxxxx"
                       tzfmt->format(UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_EXTENDED_LOCAL_FULL, tz, date, zoneString);
                   }
                   break;
               default:
                   UPRV_UNREACHABLE_EXIT;
               }
           }
           appendTo += zoneString;
       }
       break;

   case UDAT_QUARTER_FIELD:
       if (count >= 5)
           _appendSymbol(appendTo, value/3, fSymbols->fNarrowQuarters,
                         fSymbols->fNarrowQuartersCount);
        else if (count == 4)
           _appendSymbol(appendTo, value/3, fSymbols->fQuarters,
                         fSymbols->fQuartersCount);
       else if (count == 3)
           _appendSymbol(appendTo, value/3, fSymbols->fShortQuarters,
                         fSymbols->fShortQuartersCount);
       else
           zeroPaddingNumber(currentNumberFormat,appendTo, (value/3) + 1, count, maxIntCount);
       break;

   case UDAT_STANDALONE_QUARTER_FIELD:
       if (count >= 5)
           _appendSymbol(appendTo, value/3, fSymbols->fStandaloneNarrowQuarters,
                         fSymbols->fStandaloneNarrowQuartersCount);
       else if (count == 4)
           _appendSymbol(appendTo, value/3, fSymbols->fStandaloneQuarters,
                         fSymbols->fStandaloneQuartersCount);
       else if (count == 3)
           _appendSymbol(appendTo, value/3, fSymbols->fStandaloneShortQuarters,
                         fSymbols->fStandaloneShortQuartersCount);
       else
           zeroPaddingNumber(currentNumberFormat,appendTo, (value/3) + 1, count, maxIntCount);
       break;

   case UDAT_AM_PM_MIDNIGHT_NOON_FIELD:
   {
       const UnicodeString *toAppend = nullptr;
       int32_t hour = cal.get(UCAL_HOUR_OF_DAY, status);

       // Note: "midnight" can be ambiguous as to whether it refers to beginning of day or end of day.
       // For ICU 57 output of "midnight" is temporarily suppressed.

       // For "midnight" and "noon":
       // Time, as displayed, must be exactly noon or midnight.
       // This means minutes and seconds, if present, must be zero.
       if ((/*hour == 0 ||*/ hour == 12) &&
               (!fHasMinute || cal.get(UCAL_MINUTE, status) == 0) &&
               (!fHasSecond || cal.get(UCAL_SECOND, status) == 0)) {
           // Stealing am/pm value to use as our array index.
           // It works out: am/midnight are both 0, pm/noon are both 1,
           // 12 am is 12 midnight, and 12 pm is 12 noon.
           int32_t val = cal.get(UCAL_AM_PM, status);

           if (count <= 3) {
               toAppend = &fSymbols->fAbbreviatedDayPeriods[val];
           } else if (count == 4 || count > 5) {
               toAppend = &fSymbols->fWideDayPeriods[val];
           } else { // count == 5
               toAppend = &fSymbols->fNarrowDayPeriods[val];
           }
       }

       // toAppend is nullptr if time isn't exactly midnight or noon (as displayed).
       // toAppend is bogus if time is midnight or noon, but no localized string exists.
       // In either case, fall back to am/pm.
       if (toAppend == nullptr || toAppend->isBogus()) {
           // Reformat with identical arguments except ch, now changed to 'a'.
           // We are passing a different fieldToOutput because we want to add
           // 'b' to field position. This makes this fallback stable when
           // there is a data change on locales.
           subFormat(appendTo, u'a', count, capitalizationContext, fieldNum, u'b', handler, cal, status);
           return;
       } else {
           appendTo += *toAppend;
       }

       break;
   }

   case UDAT_FLEXIBLE_DAY_PERIOD_FIELD:
   {
       // TODO: Maybe fetch the DayperiodRules during initialization (instead of at the first
       // loading of an instance) if a relevant pattern character (b or B) is used.
       const DayPeriodRules *ruleSet = DayPeriodRules::getInstance(this->getSmpFmtLocale(), status);
       if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
           // Data doesn't conform to spec, therefore loading failed.
           break;
       }
       if (ruleSet == nullptr) {
           // Data doesn't exist for the locale we're looking for.
           // Falling back to am/pm.
           // We are passing a different fieldToOutput because we want to add
           // 'B' to field position. This makes this fallback stable when
           // there is a data change on locales.
           subFormat(appendTo, u'a', count, capitalizationContext, fieldNum, u'B', handler, cal, status);
           return;
       }

       // Get current display time.
       int32_t hour = cal.get(UCAL_HOUR_OF_DAY, status);
       int32_t minute = 0;
       if (fHasMinute) {
           minute = cal.get(UCAL_MINUTE, status);
       }
       int32_t second = 0;
       if (fHasSecond) {
           second = cal.get(UCAL_SECOND, status);
       }

       // Determine day period.
       DayPeriodRules::DayPeriod periodType;
       if (hour == 0 && minute == 0 && second == 0 && ruleSet->hasMidnight()) {
           periodType = DayPeriodRules::DAYPERIOD_MIDNIGHT;
       } else if (hour == 12 && minute == 0 && second == 0 && ruleSet->hasNoon()) {
           periodType = DayPeriodRules::DAYPERIOD_NOON;
       } else {
           periodType = ruleSet->getDayPeriodForHour(hour);
       }

       // Rule set exists, therefore periodType can't be UNKNOWN.
       // Get localized string.
       U_ASSERT(periodType != DayPeriodRules::DAYPERIOD_UNKNOWN);
       UnicodeString *toAppend = nullptr;
       int32_t index;

       // Note: "midnight" can be ambiguous as to whether it refers to beginning of day or end of day.
       // For ICU 57 output of "midnight" is temporarily suppressed.

       if (periodType != DayPeriodRules::DAYPERIOD_AM &&
               periodType != DayPeriodRules::DAYPERIOD_PM &&
               periodType != DayPeriodRules::DAYPERIOD_MIDNIGHT) {
           index = static_cast<int32_t>(periodType);
           if (count <= 3) {
               toAppend = &fSymbols->fAbbreviatedDayPeriods[index];  // i.e. short
           } else if (count == 4 || count > 5) {
               toAppend = &fSymbols->fWideDayPeriods[index];
           } else {  // count == 5
               toAppend = &fSymbols->fNarrowDayPeriods[index];
           }
       }

       // Fallback schedule:
       // Midnight/Noon -> General Periods -> AM/PM.

       // Midnight/Noon -> General Periods.
       if ((toAppend == nullptr || toAppend->isBogus()) &&
               (periodType == DayPeriodRules::DAYPERIOD_MIDNIGHT ||
                periodType == DayPeriodRules::DAYPERIOD_NOON)) {
           periodType = ruleSet->getDayPeriodForHour(hour);
           index = static_cast<int32_t>(periodType);

           if (count <= 3) {
               toAppend = &fSymbols->fAbbreviatedDayPeriods[index];  // i.e. short
           } else if (count == 4 || count > 5) {
               toAppend = &fSymbols->fWideDayPeriods[index];
           } else {  // count == 5
               toAppend = &fSymbols->fNarrowDayPeriods[index];
           }
       }

       // General Periods -> AM/PM.
       if (periodType == DayPeriodRules::DAYPERIOD_AM ||
           periodType == DayPeriodRules::DAYPERIOD_PM ||
           toAppend->isBogus()) {
           // We are passing a different fieldToOutput because we want to add
           // 'B' to field position iterator. This makes this fallback stable when
           // there is a data change on locales.
           subFormat(appendTo, u'a', count, capitalizationContext, fieldNum, u'B', handler, cal, status);
           return;
       }
       else {
           appendTo += *toAppend;
       }

       break;
   }

   // all of the other pattern symbols can be formatted as simple numbers with
   // appropriate zero padding
   default:
       zeroPaddingNumber(currentNumberFormat,appendTo, value, count, maxIntCount);
       break;
   }
#if !UCONFIG_NO_BREAK_ITERATION
   // if first field, check to see whether we need to and are able to titlecase it
   if (fieldNum == 0 && fCapitalizationBrkIter != nullptr && appendTo.length() > beginOffset &&
           u_islower(appendTo.char32At(beginOffset))) {
       UBool titlecase = false;
       switch (capitalizationContext) {
           case UDISPCTX_CAPITALIZATION_FOR_BEGINNING_OF_SENTENCE:
               titlecase = true;
               break;
           case UDISPCTX_CAPITALIZATION_FOR_UI_LIST_OR_MENU:
               titlecase = fSymbols->fCapitalization[capContextUsageType][0];
               break;
           case UDISPCTX_CAPITALIZATION_FOR_STANDALONE:
               titlecase = fSymbols->fCapitalization[capContextUsageType][1];
               break;
           default:
               // titlecase = false;
               break;
       }
       if (titlecase) {
           BreakIterator* const mutableCapitalizationBrkIter = fCapitalizationBrkIter->clone();
           UnicodeString firstField(appendTo, beginOffset);
           firstField.toTitle(mutableCapitalizationBrkIter, fLocale, U_TITLECASE_NO_LOWERCASE | U_TITLECASE_NO_BREAK_ADJUSTMENT);
           appendTo.replaceBetween(beginOffset, appendTo.length(), firstField);
           delete mutableCapitalizationBrkIter;
       }
   }
#endif

   handler.addAttribute(DateFormatSymbols::getPatternCharIndex(fieldToOutput), beginOffset, appendTo.length());
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

void SimpleDateFormat::adoptNumberFormat(NumberFormat *formatToAdopt) {
   // Null out the fast formatter, it references fNumberFormat which we're
   // about to invalidate
   delete fSimpleNumberFormatter;
   fSimpleNumberFormatter = nullptr;

   fixNumberFormatForDates(*formatToAdopt);
   delete fNumberFormat;
   fNumberFormat = formatToAdopt;

   // We successfully set the default number format. Now delete the overrides
   // (can't fail).
   if (fSharedNumberFormatters) {
       freeSharedNumberFormatters(fSharedNumberFormatters);
       fSharedNumberFormatters = nullptr;
   }

   // Recompute fSimpleNumberFormatter if necessary
   UErrorCode localStatus = U_ZERO_ERROR;
   initSimpleNumberFormatter(localStatus);
}

void SimpleDateFormat::adoptNumberFormat(const UnicodeString& fields, NumberFormat *formatToAdopt, UErrorCode &status){
   fixNumberFormatForDates(*formatToAdopt);
   LocalPointer<NumberFormat> fmt(formatToAdopt);
   if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
       return;
   }

   // We must ensure fSharedNumberFormatters is allocated.
   if (fSharedNumberFormatters == nullptr) {
       fSharedNumberFormatters = allocSharedNumberFormatters();
       if (fSharedNumberFormatters == nullptr) {
           status = U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
           return;
       }
   }
   const SharedNumberFormat *newFormat = createSharedNumberFormat(fmt.orphan());
   if (newFormat == nullptr) {
       status = U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
       return;
   }
   for (int i=0; i<fields.length(); i++) {
       char16_t field = fields.charAt(i);
       // if the pattern character is unrecognized, signal an error and bail out
       UDateFormatField patternCharIndex = DateFormatSymbols::getPatternCharIndex(field);
       if (patternCharIndex == UDAT_FIELD_COUNT) {
           status = U_INVALID_FORMAT_ERROR;
           newFormat->deleteIfZeroRefCount();
           return;
       }

       // Set the number formatter in the table
       SharedObject::copyPtr(
               newFormat, fSharedNumberFormatters[patternCharIndex]);
   }
   newFormat->deleteIfZeroRefCount();
}

const NumberFormat *
SimpleDateFormat::getNumberFormatForField(char16_t field) const {
   UDateFormatField index = DateFormatSymbols::getPatternCharIndex(field);
   if (index == UDAT_FIELD_COUNT) {
       return nullptr;
   }
   return getNumberFormatByIndex(index);
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void
SimpleDateFormat::zeroPaddingNumber(
       const NumberFormat *currentNumberFormat,
       UnicodeString &appendTo,
       int32_t value, int32_t minDigits, int32_t maxDigits) const
{

   if (currentNumberFormat == fNumberFormat && fSimpleNumberFormatter) {
       // Can use fast path
       // We create UFormattedNumberData ourselves to avoid a heap allocation
       // and corresponding free. Set the pointer to null afterwards to prevent
       // the implementation from attempting to free it.
       UErrorCode localStatus = U_ZERO_ERROR;
       number::impl::UFormattedNumberData data;
       data.quantity.setToLong(value);
       number::SimpleNumber number(&data, localStatus);
       number.setMinimumIntegerDigits(minDigits, localStatus);
       number.setMaximumIntegerDigits(maxDigits, localStatus);

       number::FormattedNumber result = fSimpleNumberFormatter->format(std::move(number), localStatus);
       if (U_FAILURE(localStatus)) {
           result.fData = nullptr;
           return;
       }
       UnicodeStringAppendable appendable(appendTo);
       result.appendTo(appendable, localStatus);
       result.fData = nullptr;
       return;
   }

   // Check for RBNF (no clone necessary)
   const auto* rbnf = dynamic_cast<const RuleBasedNumberFormat*>(currentNumberFormat);
   if (rbnf != nullptr) {
       FieldPosition pos(FieldPosition::DONT_CARE);
       rbnf->format(value, appendTo, pos);  // 3rd arg is there to speed up processing
       return;
   }

   // Fall back to slow path (clone and mutate the NumberFormat)
   if (currentNumberFormat != nullptr) {
       FieldPosition pos(FieldPosition::DONT_CARE);
       LocalPointer<NumberFormat> nf(currentNumberFormat->clone());
       nf->setMinimumIntegerDigits(minDigits);
       nf->setMaximumIntegerDigits(maxDigits);
       nf->format(value, appendTo, pos);  // 3rd arg is there to speed up processing
   }
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

/**
* Return true if the given format character, occurring count
* times, represents a numeric field.
*/
UBool SimpleDateFormat::isNumeric(char16_t formatChar, int32_t count) {
   return DateFormatSymbols::isNumericPatternChar(formatChar, count);
}

UBool
SimpleDateFormat::isAtNumericField(const UnicodeString &pattern, int32_t patternOffset) {
   if (patternOffset >= pattern.length()) {
       // not at any field
       return false;
   }
   char16_t ch = pattern.charAt(patternOffset);
   UDateFormatField f = DateFormatSymbols::getPatternCharIndex(ch);
   if (f == UDAT_FIELD_COUNT) {
       // not at any field
       return false;
   }
   int32_t i = patternOffset;
   while (pattern.charAt(++i) == ch) {}
   return DateFormatSymbols::isNumericField(f, i - patternOffset);
}

UBool
SimpleDateFormat::isAfterNonNumericField(const UnicodeString &pattern, int32_t patternOffset) {
   if (patternOffset <= 0) {
       // not after any field
       return false;
   }
   char16_t ch = pattern.charAt(--patternOffset);
   UDateFormatField f = DateFormatSymbols::getPatternCharIndex(ch);
   if (f == UDAT_FIELD_COUNT) {
       // not after any field
       return false;
   }
   int32_t i = patternOffset;
   while (pattern.charAt(--i) == ch) {}
   return !DateFormatSymbols::isNumericField(f, patternOffset - i);
}

void
SimpleDateFormat::parse(const UnicodeString& text, Calendar& cal, ParsePosition& parsePos) const
{
   UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
   int32_t pos = parsePos.getIndex();
   if(parsePos.getIndex() < 0) {
       parsePos.setErrorIndex(0);
       return;
   }
   int32_t start = pos;

   // Hold the day period until everything else is parsed, because we need
   // the hour to interpret time correctly.
   int32_t dayPeriodInt = -1;

   UBool ambiguousYear[] = { false };
   int32_t saveHebrewMonth = -1;
   int32_t count = 0;
   UTimeZoneFormatTimeType tzTimeType = UTZFMT_TIME_TYPE_UNKNOWN;

   // For parsing abutting numeric fields. 'abutPat' is the
   // offset into 'pattern' of the first of 2 or more abutting
   // numeric fields.  'abutStart' is the offset into 'text'
   // where parsing the fields begins. 'abutPass' starts off as 0
   // and increments each time we try to parse the fields.
   int32_t abutPat = -1; // If >=0, we are in a run of abutting numeric fields
   int32_t abutStart = 0;
   int32_t abutPass = 0;
   UBool inQuote = false;

   MessageFormat * numericLeapMonthFormatter = nullptr;

   Calendar* calClone = nullptr;
   Calendar *workCal = &cal;
   if (&cal != fCalendar && typeid(cal) != typeid(*fCalendar)) {
       // Different calendar type
       // We use the time/zone from the input calendar, but
       // do not use the input calendar for field calculation.
       calClone = fCalendar->clone();
       if (calClone != nullptr) {
           calClone->setTime(cal.getTime(status),status);
           if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
               goto ExitParse;
           }
           calClone->setTimeZone(cal.getTimeZone());
           workCal = calClone;
       } else {
           status = U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
           goto ExitParse;
       }
   }

   if (fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatterns != nullptr && fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatternsCount >= DateFormatSymbols::kMonthPatternsCount) {
       numericLeapMonthFormatter = new MessageFormat(fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatterns[DateFormatSymbols::kLeapMonthPatternNumeric], fLocale, status);
       if (numericLeapMonthFormatter == nullptr) {
            status = U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
            goto ExitParse;
       } else if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
            goto ExitParse; // this will delete numericLeapMonthFormatter
       }
   }

   for (int32_t i=0; i<fPattern.length(); ++i) {
       char16_t ch = fPattern.charAt(i);

       // Handle alphabetic field characters.
       if (!inQuote && isSyntaxChar(ch)) {
           int32_t fieldPat = i;

           // Count the length of this field specifier
           count = 1;
           while ((i+1)<fPattern.length() &&
                  fPattern.charAt(i+1) == ch) {
               ++count;
               ++i;
           }

           if (isNumeric(ch, count)) {
               if (abutPat < 0) {
                   // Determine if there is an abutting numeric field.
                   // Record the start of a set of abutting numeric fields.
                   if (isAtNumericField(fPattern, i + 1)) {
                       abutPat = fieldPat;
                       abutStart = pos;
                       abutPass = 0;
                   }
               }
           } else {
               abutPat = -1; // End of any abutting fields
           }

           // Handle fields within a run of abutting numeric fields.  Take
           // the pattern "HHmmss" as an example. We will try to parse
           // 2/2/2 characters of the input text, then if that fails,
           // 1/2/2.  We only adjust the width of the leftmost field; the
           // others remain fixed.  This allows "123456" => 12:34:56, but
           // "12345" => 1:23:45.  Likewise, for the pattern "yyyyMMdd" we
           // try 4/2/2, 3/2/2, 2/2/2, and finally 1/2/2.
           if (abutPat >= 0) {
               // If we are at the start of a run of abutting fields, then
               // shorten this field in each pass.  If we can't shorten
               // this field any more, then the parse of this set of
               // abutting numeric fields has failed.
               if (fieldPat == abutPat) {
                   count -= abutPass++;
                   if (count == 0) {
                       status = U_PARSE_ERROR;
                       goto ExitParse;
                   }
               }

               pos = subParse(text, pos, ch, count,
                              true, false, ambiguousYear, saveHebrewMonth, *workCal, i, numericLeapMonthFormatter, &tzTimeType);

               // If the parse fails anywhere in the run, back up to the
               // start of the run and retry.
               if (pos < 0) {
                   i = abutPat - 1;
                   pos = abutStart;
                   continue;
               }
           }

           // Handle non-numeric fields and non-abutting numeric
           // fields.
           else if (ch != 0x6C) { // pattern char 'l' (SMALL LETTER L) just gets ignored
               int32_t s = subParse(text, pos, ch, count,
                              false, true, ambiguousYear, saveHebrewMonth, *workCal, i, numericLeapMonthFormatter, &tzTimeType, &dayPeriodInt);

               if (s == -pos-1) {
                   // era not present, in special cases allow this to continue
                   // from the position where the era was expected
                   s = pos;

                   if (i+1 < fPattern.length()) {
                       // move to next pattern character
                       char16_t c = fPattern.charAt(i+1);

                       // check for whitespace
                       if (PatternProps::isWhiteSpace(c)) {
                           i++;
                           // Advance over run in pattern
                           while ((i+1)<fPattern.length() &&
                                  PatternProps::isWhiteSpace(fPattern.charAt(i+1))) {
                               ++i;
                           }
                       }
                   }
               }
               else if (s <= 0) {
                   status = U_PARSE_ERROR;
                   goto ExitParse;
               }
               pos = s;
           }
       }

       // Handle literal pattern characters.  These are any
       // quoted characters and non-alphabetic unquoted
       // characters.
       else {

           abutPat = -1; // End of any abutting fields

           if (! matchLiterals(fPattern, i, text, pos, getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_ALLOW_WHITESPACE, status), getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_PARTIAL_LITERAL_MATCH, status), isLenient())) {
               status = U_PARSE_ERROR;
               goto ExitParse;
           }
       }
   }

   // Special hack for trailing "." after non-numeric field.
   if (text.charAt(pos) == 0x2e && getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_ALLOW_WHITESPACE, status)) {
       // only do if the last field is not numeric
       if (isAfterNonNumericField(fPattern, fPattern.length())) {
           pos++; // skip the extra "."
       }
   }

   // If dayPeriod is set, use it in conjunction with hour-of-day to determine am/pm.
   if (dayPeriodInt >= 0) {
       DayPeriodRules::DayPeriod dayPeriod = static_cast<DayPeriodRules::DayPeriod>(dayPeriodInt);
       const DayPeriodRules *ruleSet = DayPeriodRules::getInstance(this->getSmpFmtLocale(), status);

       if (!cal.isSet(UCAL_HOUR) && !cal.isSet(UCAL_HOUR_OF_DAY)) {
           // If hour is not set, set time to the midpoint of current day period, overwriting
           // minutes if it's set.
           double midPoint = ruleSet->getMidPointForDayPeriod(dayPeriod, status);

           // If we can't get midPoint we do nothing.
           if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
               // Truncate midPoint toward zero to get the hour.
               // Any leftover means it was a half-hour.
               int32_t midPointHour = static_cast<int32_t>(midPoint);
               int32_t midPointMinute = (midPoint - midPointHour) > 0 ? 30 : 0;

               // No need to set am/pm because hour-of-day is set last therefore takes precedence.
               cal.set(UCAL_HOUR_OF_DAY, midPointHour);
               cal.set(UCAL_MINUTE, midPointMinute);
           }
       } else {
           int hourOfDay;

           if (cal.isSet(UCAL_HOUR_OF_DAY)) {  // Hour is parsed in 24-hour format.
               hourOfDay = cal.get(UCAL_HOUR_OF_DAY, status);
           } else {  // Hour is parsed in 12-hour format.
               hourOfDay = cal.get(UCAL_HOUR, status);
               // cal.get() turns 12 to 0 for 12-hour time; change 0 to 12
               // so 0 unambiguously means a 24-hour time from above.
               if (hourOfDay == 0) { hourOfDay = 12; }
           }
           U_ASSERT(0 <= hourOfDay && hourOfDay <= 23);


           // If hour-of-day is 0 or 13 thru 23 then input time in unambiguously in 24-hour format.
           if (hourOfDay == 0 || (13 <= hourOfDay && hourOfDay <= 23)) {
               // Make hour-of-day take precedence over (hour + am/pm) by setting it again.
               cal.set(UCAL_HOUR_OF_DAY, hourOfDay);
           } else {
               // We have a 12-hour time and need to choose between am and pm.
               // Behave as if dayPeriod spanned 6 hours each way from its center point.
               // This will parse correctly for consistent time + period (e.g. 10 at night) as
               // well as provide a reasonable recovery for inconsistent time + period (e.g.
               // 9 in the afternoon).

               // Assume current time is in the AM.
               // - Change 12 back to 0 for easier handling of 12am.
               // - Append minutes as fractional hours because e.g. 8:15 and 8:45 could be parsed
               // into different half-days if center of dayPeriod is at 14:30.
               // - cal.get(MINUTE) will return 0 if MINUTE is unset, which works.
               if (hourOfDay == 12) { hourOfDay = 0; }
               double currentHour = hourOfDay + (cal.get(UCAL_MINUTE, status)) / 60.0;
               double midPointHour = ruleSet->getMidPointForDayPeriod(dayPeriod, status);

               if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
                   double hoursAheadMidPoint = currentHour - midPointHour;

                   // Assume current time is in the AM.
                   if (-6 <= hoursAheadMidPoint && hoursAheadMidPoint < 6) {
                       // Assumption holds; set time as such.
                       cal.set(UCAL_AM_PM, 0);
                   } else {
                       cal.set(UCAL_AM_PM, 1);
                   }
               }
           }
       }
   }

   // At this point the fields of Calendar have been set.  Calendar
   // will fill in default values for missing fields when the time
   // is computed.

   parsePos.setIndex(pos);

   // This part is a problem:  When we call parsedDate.after, we compute the time.
   // Take the date April 3 2004 at 2:30 am.  When this is first set up, the year
   // will be wrong if we're parsing a 2-digit year pattern.  It will be 1904.
   // April 3 1904 is a Sunday (unlike 2004) so it is the DST onset day.  2:30 am
   // is therefore an "impossible" time, since the time goes from 1:59 to 3:00 am
   // on that day.  It is therefore parsed out to fields as 3:30 am.  Then we
   // add 100 years, and get April 3 2004 at 3:30 am.  Note that April 3 2004 is
   // a Saturday, so it can have a 2:30 am -- and it should. [LIU]
   /*
       UDate parsedDate = calendar.getTime();
       if( ambiguousYear[0] && !parsedDate.after(fDefaultCenturyStart) ) {
           calendar.add(Calendar.YEAR, 100);
           parsedDate = calendar.getTime();
       }
   */
   // Because of the above condition, save off the fields in case we need to readjust.
   // The procedure we use here is not particularly efficient, but there is no other
   // way to do this given the API restrictions present in Calendar.  We minimize
   // inefficiency by only performing this computation when it might apply, that is,
   // when the two-digit year is equal to the start year, and thus might fall at the
   // front or the back of the default century.  This only works because we adjust
   // the year correctly to start with in other cases -- see subParse().
   if (ambiguousYear[0] || tzTimeType != UTZFMT_TIME_TYPE_UNKNOWN) // If this is true then the two-digit year == the default start year
   {
       // We need a copy of the fields, and we need to avoid triggering a call to
       // complete(), which will recalculate the fields.  Since we can't access
       // the fields[] array in Calendar, we clone the entire object.  This will
       // stop working if Calendar.clone() is ever rewritten to call complete().
       Calendar *copy;
       if (ambiguousYear[0]) {
           copy = cal.clone();
           // Check for failed cloning.
           if (copy == nullptr) {
               status = U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
               goto ExitParse;
           }
           UDate parsedDate = copy->getTime(status);
           // {sfb} check internalGetDefaultCenturyStart
           if (fHaveDefaultCentury && (parsedDate < fDefaultCenturyStart)) {
               // We can't use add here because that does a complete() first.
               cal.set(UCAL_YEAR, fDefaultCenturyStartYear + 100);
           }
           delete copy;
       }

       if (tzTimeType != UTZFMT_TIME_TYPE_UNKNOWN) {
           copy = cal.clone();
           // Check for failed cloning.
           if (copy == nullptr) {
               status = U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
               goto ExitParse;
           }
           const TimeZone & tz = cal.getTimeZone();
           BasicTimeZone *btz = nullptr;

           if (dynamic_cast<const OlsonTimeZone *>(&tz) != nullptr
               || dynamic_cast<const SimpleTimeZone *>(&tz) != nullptr
               || dynamic_cast<const RuleBasedTimeZone *>(&tz) != nullptr
               || dynamic_cast<const VTimeZone *>(&tz) != nullptr) {
               btz = (BasicTimeZone*)&tz;
           }

           // Get local millis
           copy->set(UCAL_ZONE_OFFSET, 0);
           copy->set(UCAL_DST_OFFSET, 0);
           UDate localMillis = copy->getTime(status);

           // Make sure parsed time zone type (Standard or Daylight)
           // matches the rule used by the parsed time zone.
           int32_t raw, dst;
           if (btz != nullptr) {
               if (tzTimeType == UTZFMT_TIME_TYPE_STANDARD) {
                   btz->getOffsetFromLocal(localMillis,
                       UCAL_TZ_LOCAL_STANDARD_FORMER, UCAL_TZ_LOCAL_STANDARD_LATTER, raw, dst, status);
               } else {
                   btz->getOffsetFromLocal(localMillis,
                       UCAL_TZ_LOCAL_DAYLIGHT_FORMER, UCAL_TZ_LOCAL_DAYLIGHT_LATTER, raw, dst, status);
               }
           } else {
               // No good way to resolve ambiguous time at transition,
               // but following code work in most case.
               tz.getOffset(localMillis, true, raw, dst, status);
           }

           // Now, compare the results with parsed type, either standard or daylight saving time
           int32_t resolvedSavings = dst;
           if (tzTimeType == UTZFMT_TIME_TYPE_STANDARD) {
               if (dst != 0) {
                   // Override DST_OFFSET = 0 in the result calendar
                   resolvedSavings = 0;
               }
           } else { // tztype == TZTYPE_DST
               if (dst == 0) {
                   if (btz != nullptr) {
                       // This implementation resolves daylight saving time offset
                       // closest rule after the given time.
                       UDate baseTime = localMillis + raw;
                       UDate time = baseTime;
                       UDate limit = baseTime + MAX_DAYLIGHT_DETECTION_RANGE;
                       TimeZoneTransition trs;
                       UBool trsAvail;

                       // Search for DST rule after the given time
                       while (time < limit) {
                           trsAvail = btz->getNextTransition(time, false, trs);
                           if (!trsAvail) {
                               break;
                           }
                           resolvedSavings = trs.getTo()->getDSTSavings();
                           if (resolvedSavings != 0) {
                               break;
                           }
                           time = trs.getTime();
                       }

                       if (resolvedSavings == 0) {
                           // If no DST rule after the given time was found, search for
                           // DST rule before.
                           time = baseTime;
                           limit = baseTime - MAX_DAYLIGHT_DETECTION_RANGE;
                           while (time > limit) {
                               trsAvail = btz->getPreviousTransition(time, true, trs);
                               if (!trsAvail) {
                                   break;
                               }
                               resolvedSavings = trs.getFrom()->getDSTSavings();
                               if (resolvedSavings != 0) {
                                   break;
                               }
                               time = trs.getTime() - 1;
                           }

                           if (resolvedSavings == 0) {
                               resolvedSavings = btz->getDSTSavings();
                           }
                       }
                   } else {
                       resolvedSavings = tz.getDSTSavings();
                   }
                   if (resolvedSavings == 0) {
                       // final fallback
                       resolvedSavings = U_MILLIS_PER_HOUR;
                   }
               }
           }
           cal.set(UCAL_ZONE_OFFSET, raw);
           cal.set(UCAL_DST_OFFSET, resolvedSavings);
           delete copy;
       }
   }
ExitParse:
   // Set the parsed result if local calendar is used
   // instead of the input calendar
   if (U_SUCCESS(status) && workCal != &cal) {
       cal.setTimeZone(workCal->getTimeZone());
       cal.setTime(workCal->getTime(status), status);
   }

   delete numericLeapMonthFormatter;
   delete calClone;

   // If any Calendar calls failed, we pretend that we
   // couldn't parse the string, when in reality this isn't quite accurate--
   // we did parse it; the Calendar calls just failed.
   if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
       parsePos.setErrorIndex(pos);
       parsePos.setIndex(start);
   }
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

static int32_t
matchStringWithOptionalDot(const UnicodeString &text,
                           int32_t index,
                           const UnicodeString &data);

int32_t SimpleDateFormat::matchQuarterString(const UnicodeString& text,
                             int32_t start,
                             UCalendarDateFields field,
                             const UnicodeString* data,
                             int32_t dataCount,
                             Calendar& cal) const
{
   int32_t i = 0;
   int32_t count = dataCount;

   // There may be multiple strings in the data[] array which begin with
   // the same prefix (e.g., Cerven and Cervenec (June and July) in Czech).
   // We keep track of the longest match, and return that.  Note that this
   // unfortunately requires us to test all array elements.
   int32_t bestMatchLength = 0, bestMatch = -1;
   UnicodeString bestMatchName;

   for (; i < count; ++i) {
       int32_t matchLength = 0;
       if ((matchLength = matchStringWithOptionalDot(text, start, data[i])) > bestMatchLength) {
           bestMatchLength = matchLength;
           bestMatch = i;
       }
   }

   if (bestMatch >= 0) {
       cal.set(field, bestMatch * 3);
       return start + bestMatchLength;
   }

   return -start;
}

int32_t SimpleDateFormat::matchDayPeriodStrings(const UnicodeString& text, int32_t start,
                             const UnicodeString* data, int32_t dataCount,
                             int32_t &dayPeriod) const
{

   int32_t bestMatchLength = 0, bestMatch = -1;

   for (int32_t i = 0; i < dataCount; ++i) {
       int32_t matchLength = 0;
       if ((matchLength = matchStringWithOptionalDot(text, start, data[i])) > bestMatchLength) {
           bestMatchLength = matchLength;
           bestMatch = i;
       }
   }

   if (bestMatch >= 0) {
       dayPeriod = bestMatch;
       return start + bestMatchLength;
   }

   return -start;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------
UBool SimpleDateFormat::matchLiterals(const UnicodeString &pattern,
                                     int32_t &patternOffset,
                                     const UnicodeString &text,
                                     int32_t &textOffset,
                                     UBool whitespaceLenient,
                                     UBool partialMatchLenient,
                                     UBool oldLeniency)
{
   UBool inQuote = false;
   UnicodeString literal;
   int32_t i = patternOffset;

   // scan pattern looking for contiguous literal characters
   for ( ; i < pattern.length(); i += 1) {
       char16_t ch = pattern.charAt(i);

       if (!inQuote && isSyntaxChar(ch)) {
           break;
       }

       if (ch == QUOTE) {
           // Match a quote literal ('') inside OR outside of quotes
           if ((i + 1) < pattern.length() && pattern.charAt(i + 1) == QUOTE) {
               i += 1;
           } else {
               inQuote = !inQuote;
               continue;
           }
       }

       literal += ch;
   }

   // at this point, literal contains the literal text
   // and i is the index of the next non-literal pattern character.
   int32_t p;
   int32_t t = textOffset;

   if (whitespaceLenient) {
       // trim leading, trailing whitespace from
       // the literal text
       literal.trim();

       // ignore any leading whitespace in the text
       while (t < text.length() && u_isWhitespace(text.charAt(t))) {
           t += 1;
       }
   }

   for (p = 0; p < literal.length() && t < text.length();) {
       UBool needWhitespace = false;

       while (p < literal.length() && PatternProps::isWhiteSpace(literal.charAt(p))) {
           needWhitespace = true;
           p += 1;
       }

       if (needWhitespace) {
           int32_t tStart = t;

           while (t < text.length()) {
               char16_t tch = text.charAt(t);

               if (!u_isUWhiteSpace(tch) && !PatternProps::isWhiteSpace(tch)) {
                   break;
               }

               t += 1;
           }

           // TODO: should we require internal spaces
           // in lenient mode? (There won't be any
           // leading or trailing spaces)
           if (!whitespaceLenient && t == tStart) {
               // didn't find matching whitespace:
               // an error in strict mode
               return false;
           }

           // In strict mode, this run of whitespace
           // may have been at the end.
           if (p >= literal.length()) {
               break;
           }
       }
       if (t >= text.length() || literal.charAt(p) != text.charAt(t)) {
           // Ran out of text, or found a non-matching character:
           // OK in lenient mode, an error in strict mode.
           if (whitespaceLenient) {
               if (t == textOffset && text.charAt(t) == 0x2e &&
                       isAfterNonNumericField(pattern, patternOffset)) {
                   // Lenient mode and the literal input text begins with a "." and
                   // we are after a non-numeric field: We skip the "."
                   ++t;
                   continue;  // Do not update p.
               }
               // if it is actual whitespace and we're whitespace lenient it's OK

               char16_t wsc = text.charAt(t);
               if(PatternProps::isWhiteSpace(wsc)) {
                   // Lenient mode and it's just whitespace we skip it
                   ++t;
                   continue;  // Do not update p.
               }
           }
           // hack around oldleniency being a bit of a catch-all bucket and we're just adding support specifically for partial matches
           if(partialMatchLenient && oldLeniency) {
               break;
           }

           return false;
       }
       ++p;
       ++t;
   }

   // At this point if we're in strict mode we have a complete match.
   // If we're in lenient mode we may have a partial match, or no
   // match at all.
   if (p <= 0) {
       // no match. Pretend it matched a run of whitespace
       // and ignorables in the text.
       const  UnicodeSet *ignorables = nullptr;
       UDateFormatField patternCharIndex = DateFormatSymbols::getPatternCharIndex(pattern.charAt(i));
       if (patternCharIndex != UDAT_FIELD_COUNT) {
           ignorables = SimpleDateFormatStaticSets::getIgnorables(patternCharIndex);
       }

       for (t = textOffset; t < text.length(); t += 1) {
           char16_t ch = text.charAt(t);

           if (ignorables == nullptr || !ignorables->contains(ch)) {
               break;
           }
       }
   }

   // if we get here, we've got a complete match.
   patternOffset = i - 1;
   textOffset = t;

   return true;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// check both wide and abbrev months.
// Does not currently handle monthPattern.
// UCalendarDateFields field = UCAL_MONTH

int32_t SimpleDateFormat::matchAlphaMonthStrings(const UnicodeString& text,
                             int32_t start,
                             const UnicodeString* wideData,
                             const UnicodeString* shortData,
                             int32_t dataCount,
                             Calendar& cal) const
{
   int32_t i;
   int32_t bestMatchLength = 0, bestMatch = -1;

   for (i = 0; i < dataCount; ++i) {
       int32_t matchLen = 0;
       if ((matchLen = matchStringWithOptionalDot(text, start, wideData[i])) > bestMatchLength) {
           bestMatch = i;
           bestMatchLength = matchLen;
       }
   }
   for (i = 0; i < dataCount; ++i) {
       int32_t matchLen = 0;
       if ((matchLen = matchStringWithOptionalDot(text, start, shortData[i])) > bestMatchLength) {
           bestMatch = i;
           bestMatchLength = matchLen;
       }
   }

   if (bestMatch >= 0) { 
       // Adjustment for Hebrew Calendar month Adar II
       if (typeid(cal) == typeid(HebrewCalendar) && bestMatch==13) {
           cal.set(UCAL_MONTH,6);
       } else {
           cal.set(UCAL_MONTH, bestMatch);
       }
       return start + bestMatchLength;
   }

   return -start;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

int32_t SimpleDateFormat::matchString(const UnicodeString& text,
                             int32_t start,
                             UCalendarDateFields field,
                             const UnicodeString* data,
                             int32_t dataCount,
                             const UnicodeString* monthPattern,
                             Calendar& cal) const
{
   int32_t i = 0;
   int32_t count = dataCount;

   if (field == UCAL_DAY_OF_WEEK) i = 1;

   // There may be multiple strings in the data[] array which begin with
   // the same prefix (e.g., Cerven and Cervenec (June and July) in Czech).
   // We keep track of the longest match, and return that.  Note that this
   // unfortunately requires us to test all array elements.
   // But this does not really work for cases such as Chuvash in which
   // May is "ҫу" and August is "ҫурла"/"ҫур.", hence matchAlphaMonthStrings.
   int32_t bestMatchLength = 0, bestMatch = -1;
   UnicodeString bestMatchName;
   int32_t isLeapMonth = 0;

   for (; i < count; ++i) {
       int32_t matchLen = 0;
       if ((matchLen = matchStringWithOptionalDot(text, start, data[i])) > bestMatchLength) {
           bestMatch = i;
           bestMatchLength = matchLen;
       }

       if (monthPattern != nullptr) {
           UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
           UnicodeString leapMonthName;
           SimpleFormatter(*monthPattern, 1, 1, status).format(data[i], leapMonthName, status);
           if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
               if ((matchLen = matchStringWithOptionalDot(text, start, leapMonthName)) > bestMatchLength) {
                   bestMatch = i;
                   bestMatchLength = matchLen;
                   isLeapMonth = 1;
               }
           }
       }
   }

   if (bestMatch >= 0) {
       if (field < UCAL_FIELD_COUNT) {
           // Adjustment for Hebrew Calendar month Adar II
           if (typeid(cal) == typeid(HebrewCalendar) && field==UCAL_MONTH && bestMatch==13) {
               cal.set(field,6);
           } else {
               if (field == UCAL_YEAR) {
                   bestMatch++; // only get here for cyclic year names, which match 1-based years 1-60
               }
               cal.set(field, bestMatch);
           }
           if (monthPattern != nullptr) {
               cal.set(UCAL_IS_LEAP_MONTH, isLeapMonth);
           }
       }

       return start + bestMatchLength;
   }

   return -start;
}

static int32_t
matchStringWithOptionalDot(const UnicodeString &text,
                           int32_t index,
                           const UnicodeString &data) {
   UErrorCode sts = U_ZERO_ERROR;
   int32_t matchLenText = 0;
   int32_t matchLenData = 0;

   u_caseInsensitivePrefixMatch(text.getBuffer() + index, text.length() - index,
                                data.getBuffer(), data.length(),
                                0 /* default case option */,
                                &matchLenText, &matchLenData,
                                &sts);
   U_ASSERT (U_SUCCESS(sts));

   if (matchLenData == data.length() /* normal match */
       || (data.charAt(data.length() - 1) == 0x2e
           && matchLenData == data.length() - 1 /* match without trailing dot */)) {
       return matchLenText;
   }

   return 0;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

void
SimpleDateFormat::set2DigitYearStart(UDate d, UErrorCode& status)
{
   parseAmbiguousDatesAsAfter(d, status);
}

/**
* Private member function that converts the parsed date strings into
* timeFields. Returns -start (for ParsePosition) if failed.
*/
int32_t SimpleDateFormat::subParse(const UnicodeString& text, int32_t& start, char16_t ch, int32_t count,
                          UBool obeyCount, UBool allowNegative, UBool ambiguousYear[], int32_t& saveHebrewMonth, Calendar& cal,
                          int32_t patLoc, MessageFormat * numericLeapMonthFormatter, UTimeZoneFormatTimeType *tzTimeType,
                          int32_t *dayPeriod) const
{
   Formattable number;
   int32_t value = 0;
   int32_t i;
   int32_t ps = 0;
   UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
   ParsePosition pos(0);
   UDateFormatField patternCharIndex = DateFormatSymbols::getPatternCharIndex(ch);
   const NumberFormat *currentNumberFormat;
   UnicodeString temp;
   UBool gotNumber = false;

#if defined (U_DEBUG_CAL)
   //fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d - [%c]  st=%d \n", __FILE__, __LINE__, (char) ch, start);
#endif

   if (patternCharIndex == UDAT_FIELD_COUNT) {
       return -start;
   }

   currentNumberFormat = getNumberFormatByIndex(patternCharIndex);
   if (currentNumberFormat == nullptr) {
       return -start;
   }
   UCalendarDateFields field = fgPatternIndexToCalendarField[patternCharIndex]; // UCAL_FIELD_COUNT if irrelevant
   UnicodeString hebr("hebr", 4, US_INV);

   if (numericLeapMonthFormatter != nullptr) {
       numericLeapMonthFormatter->setFormats(reinterpret_cast<const Format**>(&currentNumberFormat), 1);
   }

   // If there are any spaces here, skip over them.  If we hit the end
   // of the string, then fail.
   for (;;) {
       if (start >= text.length()) {
           return -start;
       }
       UChar32 c = text.char32At(start);
       if (!u_isUWhiteSpace(c) /*||*/ && !PatternProps::isWhiteSpace(c)) {
           break;
       }
       start += U16_LENGTH(c);
   }
   pos.setIndex(start);

   UBool isChineseCalendar = typeid(cal) == typeid(ChineseCalendar) ||
           typeid(cal) == typeid(DangiCalendar);
   // We handle a few special cases here where we need to parse
   // a number value.  We handle further, more generic cases below.  We need
   // to handle some of them here because some fields require extra processing on
   // the parsed value.
   if (patternCharIndex == UDAT_HOUR_OF_DAY1_FIELD ||                       // k
       patternCharIndex == UDAT_HOUR_OF_DAY0_FIELD ||                       // H
       patternCharIndex == UDAT_HOUR1_FIELD ||                              // h
       patternCharIndex == UDAT_HOUR0_FIELD ||                              // K
       (patternCharIndex == UDAT_DOW_LOCAL_FIELD && count <= 2) ||          // e
       (patternCharIndex == UDAT_STANDALONE_DAY_FIELD && count <= 2) ||     // c
       (patternCharIndex == UDAT_MONTH_FIELD && count <= 2) ||              // M
       (patternCharIndex == UDAT_STANDALONE_MONTH_FIELD && count <= 2) ||   // L
       (patternCharIndex == UDAT_QUARTER_FIELD && count <= 2) ||            // Q
       (patternCharIndex == UDAT_STANDALONE_QUARTER_FIELD && count <= 2) || // q
       patternCharIndex == UDAT_YEAR_FIELD ||                               // y
       patternCharIndex == UDAT_YEAR_WOY_FIELD ||                           // Y
       patternCharIndex == UDAT_YEAR_NAME_FIELD ||                          // U (falls back to numeric)
       (patternCharIndex == UDAT_ERA_FIELD && isChineseCalendar) ||         // G
       patternCharIndex == UDAT_FRACTIONAL_SECOND_FIELD)                    // S
   {
       int32_t parseStart = pos.getIndex();
       // It would be good to unify this with the obeyCount logic below,
       // but that's going to be difficult.
       const UnicodeString* src;

       UBool parsedNumericLeapMonth = false;
       if (numericLeapMonthFormatter != nullptr && (patternCharIndex == UDAT_MONTH_FIELD || patternCharIndex == UDAT_STANDALONE_MONTH_FIELD)) {
           int32_t argCount;
           Formattable * args = numericLeapMonthFormatter->parse(text, pos, argCount);
           if (args != nullptr && argCount == 1 && pos.getIndex() > parseStart && args[0].isNumeric()) {
               parsedNumericLeapMonth = true;
               number.setLong(args[0].getLong());
               cal.set(UCAL_IS_LEAP_MONTH, 1);
               delete[] args;
           } else {
               pos.setIndex(parseStart);
               cal.set(UCAL_IS_LEAP_MONTH, 0);
           }
       }

       if (!parsedNumericLeapMonth) {
           if (obeyCount) {
               if ((start+count) > text.length()) {
                   return -start;
               }

               text.extractBetween(0, start + count, temp);
               src = &temp;
           } else {
               src = &text;
           }

           parseInt(*src, number, pos, allowNegative,currentNumberFormat);
       }

       int32_t txtLoc = pos.getIndex();

       if (txtLoc > parseStart) {
           value = number.getLong();
           gotNumber = true;

           // suffix processing
           if (value < 0 ) {
               txtLoc = checkIntSuffix(text, txtLoc, patLoc+1, true);
               if (txtLoc != pos.getIndex()) {
                   value *= -1;
               }
           }
           else {
               txtLoc = checkIntSuffix(text, txtLoc, patLoc+1, false);
           }

           if (!getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_ALLOW_WHITESPACE, status)) {
               // Check the range of the value
               int32_t bias = gFieldRangeBias[patternCharIndex];
               if (bias >= 0 && (value > cal.getMaximum(field) + bias || value < cal.getMinimum(field) + bias)) {
                   return -start;
               }
           }

           pos.setIndex(txtLoc);
       }
   }

   // Make sure that we got a number if
   // we want one, and didn't get one
   // if we don't want one.
   switch (patternCharIndex) {
       case UDAT_HOUR_OF_DAY1_FIELD:
       case UDAT_HOUR_OF_DAY0_FIELD:
       case UDAT_HOUR1_FIELD:
       case UDAT_HOUR0_FIELD:
           // special range check for hours:
           if (value < 0 || value > 24) {
               return -start;
           }

           // fall through to gotNumber check
           U_FALLTHROUGH;
       case UDAT_YEAR_FIELD:
       case UDAT_YEAR_WOY_FIELD:
       case UDAT_FRACTIONAL_SECOND_FIELD:
           // these must be a number
           if (! gotNumber) {
               return -start;
           }

           break;

       default:
           // we check the rest of the fields below.
           break;
   }

   switch (patternCharIndex) {
   case UDAT_ERA_FIELD:
       if (isChineseCalendar) {
           if (!gotNumber) {
               return -start;
           }
           cal.set(UCAL_ERA, value);
           return pos.getIndex();
       }
       if (count == 5) {
           ps = matchString(text, start, UCAL_ERA, fSymbols->fNarrowEras, fSymbols->fNarrowErasCount, nullptr, cal);
       } else if (count == 4) {
           ps = matchString(text, start, UCAL_ERA, fSymbols->fEraNames, fSymbols->fEraNamesCount, nullptr, cal);
       } else {
           ps = matchString(text, start, UCAL_ERA, fSymbols->fEras, fSymbols->fErasCount, nullptr, cal);
       }

       // check return position, if it equals -start, then matchString error
       // special case the return code so we don't necessarily fail out until we
       // verify no year information also
       if (ps == -start)
           ps--;

       return ps;

   case UDAT_YEAR_FIELD:
       // If there are 3 or more YEAR pattern characters, this indicates
       // that the year value is to be treated literally, without any
       // two-digit year adjustments (e.g., from "01" to 2001).  Otherwise
       // we made adjustments to place the 2-digit year in the proper
       // century, for parsed strings from "00" to "99".  Any other string
       // is treated literally:  "2250", "-1", "1", "002".
       if (fDateOverride.compare(hebr)==0 && value < 1000) {
           value += HEBREW_CAL_CUR_MILLENIUM_START_YEAR;
       } else if (text.moveIndex32(start, 2) == pos.getIndex() && !isChineseCalendar
           && u_isdigit(text.char32At(start))
           && u_isdigit(text.char32At(text.moveIndex32(start, 1))))
       {
           // only adjust year for patterns less than 3.
           if(count < 3) {
               // Assume for example that the defaultCenturyStart is 6/18/1903.
               // This means that two-digit years will be forced into the range
               // 6/18/1903 to 6/17/2003.  As a result, years 00, 01, and 02
               // correspond to 2000, 2001, and 2002.  Years 04, 05, etc. correspond
               // to 1904, 1905, etc.  If the year is 03, then it is 2003 if the
               // other fields specify a date before 6/18, or 1903 if they specify a
               // date afterwards.  As a result, 03 is an ambiguous year.  All other
               // two-digit years are unambiguous.
               if(fHaveDefaultCentury) { // check if this formatter even has a pivot year
                   int32_t ambiguousTwoDigitYear = fDefaultCenturyStartYear % 100;
                   ambiguousYear[0] = (value == ambiguousTwoDigitYear);
                   value += (fDefaultCenturyStartYear/100)*100 +
                           (value < ambiguousTwoDigitYear ? 100 : 0);
               }
           }
       }
       cal.set(UCAL_YEAR, value);

       // Delayed checking for adjustment of Hebrew month numbers in non-leap years.
       if (saveHebrewMonth >= 0) {
           HebrewCalendar *hc = (HebrewCalendar*)&cal;
           if (!hc->isLeapYear(value) && saveHebrewMonth >= 6) {
              cal.set(UCAL_MONTH,saveHebrewMonth);
           } else {
              cal.set(UCAL_MONTH,saveHebrewMonth-1);
           }
           saveHebrewMonth = -1;
       }
       return pos.getIndex();

   case UDAT_YEAR_WOY_FIELD:
       // Comment is the same as for UDAT_Year_FIELDs - look above
       if (fDateOverride.compare(hebr)==0 && value < 1000) {
           value += HEBREW_CAL_CUR_MILLENIUM_START_YEAR;
       } else if (text.moveIndex32(start, 2) == pos.getIndex()
           && u_isdigit(text.char32At(start))
           && u_isdigit(text.char32At(text.moveIndex32(start, 1)))
           && fHaveDefaultCentury )
       {
           int32_t ambiguousTwoDigitYear = fDefaultCenturyStartYear % 100;
           ambiguousYear[0] = (value == ambiguousTwoDigitYear);
           value += (fDefaultCenturyStartYear/100)*100 +
               (value < ambiguousTwoDigitYear ? 100 : 0);
       }
       cal.set(UCAL_YEAR_WOY, value);
       return pos.getIndex();

   case UDAT_YEAR_NAME_FIELD:
       if (fSymbols->fShortYearNames != nullptr) {
           int32_t newStart = matchString(text, start, UCAL_YEAR, fSymbols->fShortYearNames, fSymbols->fShortYearNamesCount, nullptr, cal);
           if (newStart > 0) {
               return newStart;
           }
       }
       if (gotNumber && (getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_ALLOW_NUMERIC,status) || value > fSymbols->fShortYearNamesCount)) {
           cal.set(UCAL_YEAR, value);
           return pos.getIndex();
       }
       return -start;

   case UDAT_MONTH_FIELD:
   case UDAT_STANDALONE_MONTH_FIELD:
       if (gotNumber) // i.e., M or MM.
       {
           // When parsing month numbers from the Hebrew Calendar, we might need to adjust the month depending on whether
           // or not it was a leap year.  We may or may not yet know what year it is, so might have to delay checking until
           // the year is parsed.
           if (typeid(cal) == typeid(HebrewCalendar)) {
               HebrewCalendar *hc = (HebrewCalendar*)&cal;
               if (cal.isSet(UCAL_YEAR)) {
                  UErrorCode monthStatus = U_ZERO_ERROR;
                  if (!hc->isLeapYear(hc->get(UCAL_YEAR, monthStatus)) && value >= 6) {
                      cal.set(UCAL_MONTH, value);
                  } else {
                      cal.set(UCAL_MONTH, value - 1);
                  }
               } else {
                   saveHebrewMonth = value;
               }
           } else {
               // Don't want to parse the month if it is a string
               // while pattern uses numeric style: M/MM, L/LL
               // [We computed 'value' above.]
               cal.set(UCAL_MONTH, value - 1);
           }
           return pos.getIndex();
       } else {
           // count >= 3 // i.e., MMM/MMMM, LLL/LLLL
           // Want to be able to parse both short and long forms.
           // Try count == 4 first:
           UnicodeString * wideMonthPat = nullptr;
           UnicodeString * shortMonthPat = nullptr;
           if (fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatterns != nullptr && fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatternsCount >= DateFormatSymbols::kMonthPatternsCount) {
               if (patternCharIndex==UDAT_MONTH_FIELD) {
                   wideMonthPat = &fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatterns[DateFormatSymbols::kLeapMonthPatternFormatWide];
                   shortMonthPat = &fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatterns[DateFormatSymbols::kLeapMonthPatternFormatAbbrev];
               } else {
                   wideMonthPat = &fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatterns[DateFormatSymbols::kLeapMonthPatternStandaloneWide];
                   shortMonthPat = &fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatterns[DateFormatSymbols::kLeapMonthPatternStandaloneAbbrev];
               }
           }
           int32_t newStart = 0;
           if (patternCharIndex==UDAT_MONTH_FIELD) {
               if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) && count>=3 && count <=4 &&
                       fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatterns==nullptr && fSymbols->fMonthsCount==fSymbols->fShortMonthsCount) {
                   // single function to check both wide and short, an experiment
                   newStart = matchAlphaMonthStrings(text, start, fSymbols->fMonths, fSymbols->fShortMonths, fSymbols->fMonthsCount, cal); // try MMMM,MMM
                   if (newStart > 0) {
                       return newStart;
                   }
               }
               if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 4) {
                   newStart = matchString(text, start, UCAL_MONTH, fSymbols->fMonths, fSymbols->fMonthsCount, wideMonthPat, cal); // try MMMM
                   if (newStart > 0) {
                       return newStart;
                   }
               }
               if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 3) {
                   newStart = matchString(text, start, UCAL_MONTH, fSymbols->fShortMonths, fSymbols->fShortMonthsCount, shortMonthPat, cal); // try MMM
               }
           } else {
               if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) && count>=3 && count <=4 &&
                       fSymbols->fLeapMonthPatterns==nullptr && fSymbols->fStandaloneMonthsCount==fSymbols->fStandaloneShortMonthsCount) {
                   // single function to check both wide and short, an experiment
                   newStart = matchAlphaMonthStrings(text, start, fSymbols->fStandaloneMonths, fSymbols->fStandaloneShortMonths, fSymbols->fStandaloneMonthsCount, cal); // try MMMM,MMM
                   if (newStart > 0) {
                       return newStart;
                   }
               }
               if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 4) {
                   newStart = matchString(text, start, UCAL_MONTH, fSymbols->fStandaloneMonths, fSymbols->fStandaloneMonthsCount, wideMonthPat, cal); // try LLLL
                   if (newStart > 0) {
                       return newStart;
                   }
               }
               if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 3) {
                   newStart = matchString(text, start, UCAL_MONTH, fSymbols->fStandaloneShortMonths, fSymbols->fStandaloneShortMonthsCount, shortMonthPat, cal); // try LLL
               }
           }
           if (newStart > 0 || !getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_ALLOW_NUMERIC, status))  // currently we do not try to parse MMMMM/LLLLL: #8860
               return newStart;
           // else we allowing parsing as number, below
       }
       break;

   case UDAT_HOUR_OF_DAY1_FIELD:
       // [We computed 'value' above.]
       if (value == cal.getMaximum(UCAL_HOUR_OF_DAY) + 1)
           value = 0;

       // fall through to set field
       U_FALLTHROUGH;
   case UDAT_HOUR_OF_DAY0_FIELD:
       cal.set(UCAL_HOUR_OF_DAY, value);
       return pos.getIndex();

   case UDAT_FRACTIONAL_SECOND_FIELD:
       // Fractional seconds left-justify
       i = countDigits(text, start, pos.getIndex());
       if (i < 3) {
           while (i < 3) {
               value *= 10;
               i++;
           }
       } else {
           int32_t a = 1;
           while (i > 3) {
               a *= 10;
               i--;
           }
           value /= a;
       }
       cal.set(UCAL_MILLISECOND, value);
       return pos.getIndex();

   case UDAT_DOW_LOCAL_FIELD:
       if (gotNumber) // i.e., e or ee
       {
           // [We computed 'value' above.]
           cal.set(UCAL_DOW_LOCAL, value);
           return pos.getIndex();
       }
       // else for eee-eeeee fall through to handling of EEE-EEEEE
       // fall through, do not break here
       U_FALLTHROUGH;
   case UDAT_DAY_OF_WEEK_FIELD:
       {
           // Want to be able to parse both short and long forms.
           // Try count == 4 (EEEE) wide first:
           int32_t newStart = 0;
           if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 4) {
               if ((newStart = matchString(text, start, UCAL_DAY_OF_WEEK,
                                         fSymbols->fWeekdays, fSymbols->fWeekdaysCount, nullptr, cal)) > 0)
                   return newStart;
           }
           // EEEE wide failed, now try EEE abbreviated
           if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 3) {
               if ((newStart = matchString(text, start, UCAL_DAY_OF_WEEK,
                                      fSymbols->fShortWeekdays, fSymbols->fShortWeekdaysCount, nullptr, cal)) > 0)
                   return newStart;
           }
           // EEE abbreviated failed, now try EEEEEE short
           if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 6) {
               if ((newStart = matchString(text, start, UCAL_DAY_OF_WEEK,
                                      fSymbols->fShorterWeekdays, fSymbols->fShorterWeekdaysCount, nullptr, cal)) > 0)
                   return newStart;
           }
           // EEEEEE short failed, now try EEEEE narrow
           if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 5) {
               if ((newStart = matchString(text, start, UCAL_DAY_OF_WEEK,
                                      fSymbols->fNarrowWeekdays, fSymbols->fNarrowWeekdaysCount, nullptr, cal)) > 0)
                   return newStart;
           }
           if (!getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_ALLOW_NUMERIC, status) || patternCharIndex == UDAT_DAY_OF_WEEK_FIELD)
               return newStart;
           // else we allowing parsing as number, below
       }
       break;

   case UDAT_STANDALONE_DAY_FIELD:
       {
           if (gotNumber) // c or cc
           {
               // [We computed 'value' above.]
               cal.set(UCAL_DOW_LOCAL, value);
               return pos.getIndex();
           }
           // Want to be able to parse both short and long forms.
           // Try count == 4 (cccc) first:
           int32_t newStart = 0;
           if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 4) {
               if ((newStart = matchString(text, start, UCAL_DAY_OF_WEEK,
                                     fSymbols->fStandaloneWeekdays, fSymbols->fStandaloneWeekdaysCount, nullptr, cal)) > 0)
                   return newStart;
           }
           if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 3) {
               if ((newStart = matchString(text, start, UCAL_DAY_OF_WEEK,
                                         fSymbols->fStandaloneShortWeekdays, fSymbols->fStandaloneShortWeekdaysCount, nullptr, cal)) > 0)
                   return newStart;
           }
           if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 6) {
               if ((newStart = matchString(text, start, UCAL_DAY_OF_WEEK,
                                         fSymbols->fStandaloneShorterWeekdays, fSymbols->fStandaloneShorterWeekdaysCount, nullptr, cal)) > 0)
                   return newStart;
           }
           if (!getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_ALLOW_NUMERIC, status))
               return newStart;
           // else we allowing parsing as number, below
       }
       break;

   case UDAT_AM_PM_FIELD:
       {
           // optionally try both wide/abbrev and narrow forms
           int32_t newStart = 0;
           // try wide
           if( getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 4 ) {
               if ((newStart = matchString(text, start, UCAL_AM_PM, fSymbols->fWideAmPms, fSymbols->fWideAmPmsCount, nullptr, cal)) > 0) {
                   return newStart;
               }
           }
           // try abbreviated
           if( getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count <= 3 ) {
               if ((newStart = matchString(text, start, UCAL_AM_PM, fSymbols->fAmPms, fSymbols->fAmPmsCount, nullptr, cal)) > 0) {
                   return newStart;
               }
           }
           // try narrow
           if( getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count >= 5 ) {
               if ((newStart = matchString(text, start, UCAL_AM_PM, fSymbols->fNarrowAmPms, fSymbols->fNarrowAmPmsCount, nullptr, cal)) > 0) {
                   return newStart;
               }
           }
           // no matches for given options
           return -start;
       }

   case UDAT_HOUR1_FIELD:
       // [We computed 'value' above.]
       if (value == cal.getLeastMaximum(UCAL_HOUR)+1)
           value = 0;

       // fall through to set field
       U_FALLTHROUGH;
   case UDAT_HOUR0_FIELD:
       cal.set(UCAL_HOUR, value);
       return pos.getIndex();

   case UDAT_QUARTER_FIELD:
       if (gotNumber) // i.e., Q or QQ.
       {
           // Don't want to parse the month if it is a string
           // while pattern uses numeric style: Q or QQ.
           // [We computed 'value' above.]
           cal.set(UCAL_MONTH, (value - 1) * 3);
           return pos.getIndex();
       } else {
           // count >= 3 // i.e., QQQ or QQQQ
           // Want to be able to parse short, long, and narrow forms.
           // Try count == 4 first:
           int32_t newStart = 0;

           if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 4) {
               if ((newStart = matchQuarterString(text, start, UCAL_MONTH,
                                     fSymbols->fQuarters, fSymbols->fQuartersCount, cal)) > 0)
                   return newStart;
           }
           if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 3) {
               if ((newStart = matchQuarterString(text, start, UCAL_MONTH,
                                         fSymbols->fShortQuarters, fSymbols->fShortQuartersCount, cal)) > 0)
                   return newStart;
           }
           if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 5) {
               if ((newStart = matchQuarterString(text, start, UCAL_MONTH,
                                     fSymbols->fNarrowQuarters, fSymbols->fNarrowQuartersCount, cal)) > 0)
                   return newStart;
           }
           if (!getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_ALLOW_NUMERIC, status))
               return newStart;
           // else we allowing parsing as number, below
           if(!getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status))
               return -start;
       }
       break;

   case UDAT_STANDALONE_QUARTER_FIELD:
       if (gotNumber) // i.e., q or qq.
       {
           // Don't want to parse the month if it is a string
           // while pattern uses numeric style: q or q.
           // [We computed 'value' above.]
           cal.set(UCAL_MONTH, (value - 1) * 3);
           return pos.getIndex();
       } else {
           // count >= 3 // i.e., qqq or qqqq
           // Want to be able to parse both short and long forms.
           // Try count == 4 first:
           int32_t newStart = 0;

           if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 4) {
               if ((newStart = matchQuarterString(text, start, UCAL_MONTH,
                                     fSymbols->fStandaloneQuarters, fSymbols->fStandaloneQuartersCount, cal)) > 0)
                   return newStart;
           }
           if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 3) {
               if ((newStart = matchQuarterString(text, start, UCAL_MONTH,
                                         fSymbols->fStandaloneShortQuarters, fSymbols->fStandaloneShortQuartersCount, cal)) > 0)
                   return newStart;
           }
           if(getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 5) {
               if ((newStart = matchQuarterString(text, start, UCAL_MONTH,
                                         fSymbols->fStandaloneNarrowQuarters, fSymbols->fStandaloneNarrowQuartersCount, cal)) > 0)
                   return newStart;
           }
           if (!getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_ALLOW_NUMERIC, status))
               return newStart;
           // else we allowing parsing as number, below
           if(!getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status))
               return -start;
       }
       break;

   case UDAT_TIMEZONE_FIELD: // 'z'
       {
           UTimeZoneFormatStyle style = (count < 4) ? UTZFMT_STYLE_SPECIFIC_SHORT : UTZFMT_STYLE_SPECIFIC_LONG;
           const TimeZoneFormat *tzfmt = tzFormat(status);
           if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
               TimeZone *tz = tzfmt->parse(style, text, pos, tzTimeType);
               if (tz != nullptr) {
                   cal.adoptTimeZone(tz);
                   return pos.getIndex();
               }
           }
           return -start;
   }
       break;
   case UDAT_TIMEZONE_RFC_FIELD: // 'Z'
       {
           UTimeZoneFormatStyle style = (count < 4) ?
               UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_BASIC_LOCAL_FULL : ((count == 5) ? UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_EXTENDED_FULL: UTZFMT_STYLE_LOCALIZED_GMT);
           const TimeZoneFormat *tzfmt = tzFormat(status);
           if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
               TimeZone *tz = tzfmt->parse(style, text, pos, tzTimeType);
               if (tz != nullptr) {
                   cal.adoptTimeZone(tz);
                   return pos.getIndex();
               }
           }
           return -start;
       }
   case UDAT_TIMEZONE_GENERIC_FIELD: // 'v'
       {
           UTimeZoneFormatStyle style = (count < 4) ? UTZFMT_STYLE_GENERIC_SHORT : UTZFMT_STYLE_GENERIC_LONG;
           const TimeZoneFormat *tzfmt = tzFormat(status);
           if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
               TimeZone *tz = tzfmt->parse(style, text, pos, tzTimeType);
               if (tz != nullptr) {
                   cal.adoptTimeZone(tz);
                   return pos.getIndex();
               }
           }
           return -start;
       }
   case UDAT_TIMEZONE_SPECIAL_FIELD: // 'V'
       {
           UTimeZoneFormatStyle style;
           switch (count) {
           case 1:
               style = UTZFMT_STYLE_ZONE_ID_SHORT;
               break;
           case 2:
               style = UTZFMT_STYLE_ZONE_ID;
               break;
           case 3:
               style = UTZFMT_STYLE_EXEMPLAR_LOCATION;
               break;
           default:
               style = UTZFMT_STYLE_GENERIC_LOCATION;
               break;
           }
           const TimeZoneFormat *tzfmt = tzFormat(status);
           if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
               TimeZone *tz = tzfmt->parse(style, text, pos, tzTimeType);
               if (tz != nullptr) {
                   cal.adoptTimeZone(tz);
                   return pos.getIndex();
               }
           }
           return -start;
       }
   case UDAT_TIMEZONE_LOCALIZED_GMT_OFFSET_FIELD: // 'O'
       {
           UTimeZoneFormatStyle style = (count < 4) ? UTZFMT_STYLE_LOCALIZED_GMT_SHORT : UTZFMT_STYLE_LOCALIZED_GMT;
           const TimeZoneFormat *tzfmt = tzFormat(status);
           if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
               TimeZone *tz = tzfmt->parse(style, text, pos, tzTimeType);
               if (tz != nullptr) {
                   cal.adoptTimeZone(tz);
                   return pos.getIndex();
               }
           }
           return -start;
       }
   case UDAT_TIMEZONE_ISO_FIELD: // 'X'
       {
           UTimeZoneFormatStyle style;
           switch (count) {
           case 1:
               style = UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_BASIC_SHORT;
               break;
           case 2:
               style = UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_BASIC_FIXED;
               break;
           case 3:
               style = UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_EXTENDED_FIXED;
               break;
           case 4:
               style = UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_BASIC_FULL;
               break;
           default:
               style = UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_EXTENDED_FULL;
               break;
           }
           const TimeZoneFormat *tzfmt = tzFormat(status);
           if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
               TimeZone *tz = tzfmt->parse(style, text, pos, tzTimeType);
               if (tz != nullptr) {
                   cal.adoptTimeZone(tz);
                   return pos.getIndex();
               }
           }
           return -start;
       }
   case UDAT_TIMEZONE_ISO_LOCAL_FIELD: // 'x'
       {
           UTimeZoneFormatStyle style;
           switch (count) {
           case 1:
               style = UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_BASIC_LOCAL_SHORT;
               break;
           case 2:
               style = UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_BASIC_LOCAL_FIXED;
               break;
           case 3:
               style = UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_EXTENDED_LOCAL_FIXED;
               break;
           case 4:
               style = UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_BASIC_LOCAL_FULL;
               break;
           default:
               style = UTZFMT_STYLE_ISO_EXTENDED_LOCAL_FULL;
               break;
           }
           const TimeZoneFormat *tzfmt = tzFormat(status);
           if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
               TimeZone *tz = tzfmt->parse(style, text, pos, tzTimeType);
               if (tz != nullptr) {
                   cal.adoptTimeZone(tz);
                   return pos.getIndex();
               }
           }
           return -start;
       }
   // currently no pattern character is defined for UDAT_TIME_SEPARATOR_FIELD
   // so we should not get here. Leave support in for future definition.
   case UDAT_TIME_SEPARATOR_FIELD:
       {
           static const char16_t def_sep = DateFormatSymbols::DEFAULT_TIME_SEPARATOR;
           static const char16_t alt_sep = DateFormatSymbols::ALTERNATE_TIME_SEPARATOR;

           // Try matching a time separator.
           int32_t count_sep = 1;
           UnicodeString data[3];
           fSymbols->getTimeSeparatorString(data[0]);

           // Add the default, if different from the locale.
           if (data[0].compare(&def_sep, 1) != 0) {
               data[count_sep++].setTo(def_sep);
           }

           // If lenient, add also the alternate, if different from the locale.
           if (isLenient() && data[0].compare(&alt_sep, 1) != 0) {
               data[count_sep++].setTo(alt_sep);
           }

           return matchString(text, start, UCAL_FIELD_COUNT /* => nothing to set */, data, count_sep, nullptr, cal);
       }

   case UDAT_AM_PM_MIDNIGHT_NOON_FIELD:
   {
       U_ASSERT(dayPeriod != nullptr);
       int32_t ampmStart = subParse(text, start, 0x61, count,
                          obeyCount, allowNegative, ambiguousYear, saveHebrewMonth, cal,
                          patLoc, numericLeapMonthFormatter, tzTimeType);

       if (ampmStart > 0) {
           return ampmStart;
       } else {
           int32_t newStart = 0;

           // Only match the first two strings from the day period strings array.
           if (getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 3) {
               if ((newStart = matchDayPeriodStrings(text, start, fSymbols->fAbbreviatedDayPeriods,
                                                       2, *dayPeriod)) > 0) {
                   return newStart;
               }
           }
           if (getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 5) {
               if ((newStart = matchDayPeriodStrings(text, start, fSymbols->fNarrowDayPeriods,
                                                       2, *dayPeriod)) > 0) {
                   return newStart;
               }
           }
           // count == 4, but allow other counts
           if (getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status)) {
               if ((newStart = matchDayPeriodStrings(text, start, fSymbols->fWideDayPeriods,
                                                       2, *dayPeriod)) > 0) {
                   return newStart;
               }
           }

           return -start;
       }
   }

   case UDAT_FLEXIBLE_DAY_PERIOD_FIELD:
   {
       U_ASSERT(dayPeriod != nullptr);
       int32_t newStart = 0;

       if (getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 3) {
           if ((newStart = matchDayPeriodStrings(text, start, fSymbols->fAbbreviatedDayPeriods,
                               fSymbols->fAbbreviatedDayPeriodsCount, *dayPeriod)) > 0) {
               return newStart;
           }
       }
       if (getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 5) {
           if ((newStart = matchDayPeriodStrings(text, start, fSymbols->fNarrowDayPeriods,
                               fSymbols->fNarrowDayPeriodsCount, *dayPeriod)) > 0) {
               return newStart;
           }
       }
       if (getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_MULTIPLE_PATTERNS_FOR_MATCH, status) || count == 4) {
           if ((newStart = matchDayPeriodStrings(text, start, fSymbols->fWideDayPeriods,
                               fSymbols->fWideDayPeriodsCount, *dayPeriod)) > 0) {
               return newStart;
           }
       }

       return -start;
   }

   default:
       // Handle "generic" fields
       // this is now handled below, outside the switch block
       break;
   }
   // Handle "generic" fields:
   // switch default case now handled here (outside switch block) to allow
   // parsing of some string fields as digits for lenient case

   int32_t parseStart = pos.getIndex();
   const UnicodeString* src;
   if (obeyCount) {
       if ((start+count) > text.length()) {
           return -start;
       }
       text.extractBetween(0, start + count, temp);
       src = &temp;
   } else {
       src = &text;
   }
   parseInt(*src, number, pos, allowNegative,currentNumberFormat);
   if (obeyCount && !isLenient() && pos.getIndex() < start + count) {
       return -start;
   }
   if (pos.getIndex() != parseStart) {
       int32_t val = number.getLong();

       // Don't need suffix processing here (as in number processing at the beginning of the function);
       // the new fields being handled as numeric values (month, weekdays, quarters) should not have suffixes.

       if (!getBooleanAttribute(UDAT_PARSE_ALLOW_NUMERIC, status)) {
           // Check the range of the value
           int32_t bias = gFieldRangeBias[patternCharIndex];
           if (bias >= 0 && (val > cal.getMaximum(field) + bias || val < cal.getMinimum(field) + bias)) {
               return -start;
           }
       }

       // For the following, need to repeat some of the "if (gotNumber)" code above:
       // UDAT_[STANDALONE_]MONTH_FIELD, UDAT_DOW_LOCAL_FIELD, UDAT_STANDALONE_DAY_FIELD,
       // UDAT_[STANDALONE_]QUARTER_FIELD
       switch (patternCharIndex) {
       case UDAT_MONTH_FIELD:
           // See notes under UDAT_MONTH_FIELD case above
           if (typeid(cal) == typeid(HebrewCalendar)) {
               HebrewCalendar *hc = (HebrewCalendar*)&cal;
               if (cal.isSet(UCAL_YEAR)) {
                  UErrorCode monthStatus = U_ZERO_ERROR;
                  if (!hc->isLeapYear(hc->get(UCAL_YEAR, monthStatus)) && val >= 6) {
                      cal.set(UCAL_MONTH, val);
                  } else {
                      cal.set(UCAL_MONTH, val - 1);
                  }
               } else {
                   saveHebrewMonth = val;
               }
           } else {
               cal.set(UCAL_MONTH, val - 1);
           }
           break;
       case UDAT_STANDALONE_MONTH_FIELD:
           cal.set(UCAL_MONTH, val - 1);
           break;
       case UDAT_DOW_LOCAL_FIELD:
       case UDAT_STANDALONE_DAY_FIELD:
           cal.set(UCAL_DOW_LOCAL, val);
           break;
       case UDAT_QUARTER_FIELD:
       case UDAT_STANDALONE_QUARTER_FIELD:
            cal.set(UCAL_MONTH, (val - 1) * 3);
            break;
       case UDAT_RELATED_YEAR_FIELD:
           cal.setRelatedYear(val);
           break;
       default:
           cal.set(field, val);
           break;
       }
       return pos.getIndex();
   }
   return -start;
}

/**
* Parse an integer using fNumberFormat.  This method is semantically
* const, but actually may modify fNumberFormat.
*/
void SimpleDateFormat::parseInt(const UnicodeString& text,
                               Formattable& number,
                               ParsePosition& pos,
                               UBool allowNegative,
                               const NumberFormat *fmt) const {
   parseInt(text, number, -1, pos, allowNegative,fmt);
}

/**
* Parse an integer using fNumberFormat up to maxDigits.
*/
void SimpleDateFormat::parseInt(const UnicodeString& text,
                               Formattable& number,
                               int32_t maxDigits,
                               ParsePosition& pos,
                               UBool allowNegative,
                               const NumberFormat *fmt) const {
   UnicodeString oldPrefix;
   const auto* fmtAsDF = dynamic_cast<const DecimalFormat*>(fmt);
   LocalPointer<DecimalFormat> df;
   if (!allowNegative && fmtAsDF != nullptr) {
       df.adoptInstead(fmtAsDF->clone());
       if (df.isNull()) {
           // Memory allocation error
           return;
       }
       df->setNegativePrefix(UnicodeString(true, SUPPRESS_NEGATIVE_PREFIX, -1));
       fmt = df.getAlias();
   }
   int32_t oldPos = pos.getIndex();
   fmt->parse(text, number, pos);

   if (maxDigits > 0) {
       // adjust the result to fit into
       // the maxDigits and move the position back
       int32_t nDigits = pos.getIndex() - oldPos;
       if (nDigits > maxDigits) {
           int32_t val = number.getLong();
           nDigits -= maxDigits;
           while (nDigits > 0) {
               val /= 10;
               nDigits--;
           }
           pos.setIndex(oldPos + maxDigits);
           number.setLong(val);
       }
   }
}

int32_t SimpleDateFormat::countDigits(const UnicodeString& text, int32_t start, int32_t end) const {
   int32_t numDigits = 0;
   int32_t idx = start;
   while (idx < end) {
       UChar32 cp = text.char32At(idx);
       if (u_isdigit(cp)) {
           numDigits++;
       }
       idx += U16_LENGTH(cp);
   }
   return numDigits;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

void SimpleDateFormat::translatePattern(const UnicodeString& originalPattern,
                                       UnicodeString& translatedPattern,
                                       const UnicodeString& from,
                                       const UnicodeString& to,
                                       UErrorCode& status)
{
   // run through the pattern and convert any pattern symbols from the version
   // in "from" to the corresponding character in "to".  This code takes
   // quoted strings into account (it doesn't try to translate them), and it signals
   // an error if a particular "pattern character" doesn't appear in "from".
   // Depending on the values of "from" and "to" this can convert from generic
   // to localized patterns or localized to generic.
   if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
       return;
   }

   translatedPattern.remove();
   UBool inQuote = false;
   for (int32_t i = 0; i < originalPattern.length(); ++i) {
       char16_t c = originalPattern[i];
       if (inQuote) {
           if (c == QUOTE) {
               inQuote = false;
           }
       } else {
           if (c == QUOTE) {
               inQuote = true;
           } else if (isSyntaxChar(c)) {
               int32_t ci = from.indexOf(c);
               if (ci == -1) {
                   status = U_INVALID_FORMAT_ERROR;
                   return;
               }
               c = to[ci];
           }
       }
       translatedPattern += c;
   }
   if (inQuote) {
       status = U_INVALID_FORMAT_ERROR;
       return;
   }
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

UnicodeString&
SimpleDateFormat::toPattern(UnicodeString& result) const
{
   result = fPattern;
   return result;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

UnicodeString&
SimpleDateFormat::toLocalizedPattern(UnicodeString& result,
                                    UErrorCode& status) const
{
   translatePattern(fPattern, result,
                    UnicodeString(DateFormatSymbols::getPatternUChars()),
                    fSymbols->fLocalPatternChars, status);
   return result;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

void
SimpleDateFormat::applyPattern(const UnicodeString& pattern)
{
   fPattern = pattern;
   parsePattern();

   // Hack to update use of Gannen year numbering for ja@calendar=japanese -
   // use only if format is non-numeric (includes 年) and no other fDateOverride.
   if (fCalendar != nullptr && typeid(*fCalendar) == typeid(JapaneseCalendar) &&
           uprv_strcmp(fLocale.getLanguage(),"ja") == 0) {
       if (fDateOverride==UnicodeString(u"y=jpanyear") && !fHasHanYearChar) {
           // Gannen numbering is set but new pattern should not use it, unset;
           // use procedure from adoptNumberFormat to clear overrides
           if (fSharedNumberFormatters) {
               freeSharedNumberFormatters(fSharedNumberFormatters);
               fSharedNumberFormatters = nullptr;
           }
           fDateOverride.setToBogus(); // record status
       } else if (fDateOverride.isBogus() && fHasHanYearChar) {
           // No current override (=> no Gannen numbering) but new pattern needs it;
           // use procedures from initNUmberFormatters / adoptNumberFormat
           umtx_lock(&LOCK);
           if (fSharedNumberFormatters == nullptr) {
               fSharedNumberFormatters = allocSharedNumberFormatters();
           }
           umtx_unlock(&LOCK);
           if (fSharedNumberFormatters != nullptr) {
               Locale ovrLoc(fLocale.getLanguage(),fLocale.getCountry(),fLocale.getVariant(),"numbers=jpanyear");
               UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
               const SharedNumberFormat *snf = createSharedNumberFormat(ovrLoc, status);
               if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
                   // Now that we have an appropriate number formatter, fill in the
                   // appropriate slot in the number formatters table.
                   UDateFormatField patternCharIndex = DateFormatSymbols::getPatternCharIndex(u'y');
                   SharedObject::copyPtr(snf, fSharedNumberFormatters[patternCharIndex]);
                   snf->deleteIfZeroRefCount();
                   fDateOverride.setTo(u"y=jpanyear", -1); // record status
               }
           }
       }
   }
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

void
SimpleDateFormat::applyLocalizedPattern(const UnicodeString& pattern,
                                       UErrorCode &status)
{
   translatePattern(pattern, fPattern,
                    fSymbols->fLocalPatternChars,
                    UnicodeString(DateFormatSymbols::getPatternUChars()), status);
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

const DateFormatSymbols*
SimpleDateFormat::getDateFormatSymbols() const
{
   return fSymbols;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

void
SimpleDateFormat::adoptDateFormatSymbols(DateFormatSymbols* newFormatSymbols)
{
   delete fSymbols;
   fSymbols = newFormatSymbols;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void
SimpleDateFormat::setDateFormatSymbols(const DateFormatSymbols& newFormatSymbols)
{
   delete fSymbols;
   fSymbols = new DateFormatSymbols(newFormatSymbols);
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------
const TimeZoneFormat*
SimpleDateFormat::getTimeZoneFormat() const {
   // TimeZoneFormat initialization might fail when out of memory.
   // If we always initialize TimeZoneFormat instance, we can return
   // such status there. For now, this implementation lazily instantiates
   // a TimeZoneFormat for performance optimization reasons, but cannot
   // propagate such error (probably just out of memory case) to the caller.
   UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
   return (const TimeZoneFormat*)tzFormat(status);
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void
SimpleDateFormat::adoptTimeZoneFormat(TimeZoneFormat* timeZoneFormatToAdopt)
{
   delete fTimeZoneFormat;
   fTimeZoneFormat = timeZoneFormatToAdopt;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void
SimpleDateFormat::setTimeZoneFormat(const TimeZoneFormat& newTimeZoneFormat)
{
   delete fTimeZoneFormat;
   fTimeZoneFormat = new TimeZoneFormat(newTimeZoneFormat);
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------


void SimpleDateFormat::adoptCalendar(Calendar* calendarToAdopt)
{
 UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
 Locale calLocale(fLocale);
 calLocale.setKeywordValue("calendar", calendarToAdopt->getType(), status);
 DateFormatSymbols *newSymbols =
         DateFormatSymbols::createForLocale(calLocale, status);
 if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
     delete calendarToAdopt;
     return;
 }
 DateFormat::adoptCalendar(calendarToAdopt);
 delete fSymbols;
 fSymbols = newSymbols;
 initializeDefaultCentury();  // we need a new century (possibly)
}


//----------------------------------------------------------------------


// override the DateFormat implementation in order to
// lazily initialize fCapitalizationBrkIter
void
SimpleDateFormat::setContext(UDisplayContext value, UErrorCode& status)
{
   DateFormat::setContext(value, status);
#if !UCONFIG_NO_BREAK_ITERATION
   if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
       if ( fCapitalizationBrkIter == nullptr && (value==UDISPCTX_CAPITALIZATION_FOR_BEGINNING_OF_SENTENCE ||
               value==UDISPCTX_CAPITALIZATION_FOR_UI_LIST_OR_MENU || value==UDISPCTX_CAPITALIZATION_FOR_STANDALONE) ) {
           status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
           fCapitalizationBrkIter = BreakIterator::createSentenceInstance(fLocale, status);
           if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
               delete fCapitalizationBrkIter;
               fCapitalizationBrkIter = nullptr;
           }
       }
   }
#endif
}


//----------------------------------------------------------------------


UBool
SimpleDateFormat::isFieldUnitIgnored(UCalendarDateFields field) const {
   return isFieldUnitIgnored(fPattern, field);
}


UBool
SimpleDateFormat::isFieldUnitIgnored(const UnicodeString& pattern,
                                    UCalendarDateFields field) {
   int32_t fieldLevel = fgCalendarFieldToLevel[field];
   int32_t level;
   char16_t ch;
   UBool inQuote = false;
   char16_t prevCh = 0;
   int32_t count = 0;

   for (int32_t i = 0; i < pattern.length(); ++i) {
       ch = pattern[i];
       if (ch != prevCh && count > 0) {
           level = getLevelFromChar(prevCh);
           // the larger the level, the smaller the field unit.
           if (fieldLevel <= level) {
               return false;
           }
           count = 0;
       }
       if (ch == QUOTE) {
           if ((i+1) < pattern.length() && pattern[i+1] == QUOTE) {
               ++i;
           } else {
               inQuote = ! inQuote;
           }
       }
       else if (!inQuote && isSyntaxChar(ch)) {
           prevCh = ch;
           ++count;
       }
   }
   if (count > 0) {
       // last item
       level = getLevelFromChar(prevCh);
       if (fieldLevel <= level) {
           return false;
       }
   }
   return true;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

const Locale&
SimpleDateFormat::getSmpFmtLocale() const {
   return fLocale;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

int32_t
SimpleDateFormat::checkIntSuffix(const UnicodeString& text, int32_t start,
                                int32_t patLoc, UBool isNegative) const {
   // local variables
   UnicodeString suf;
   int32_t patternMatch;
   int32_t textPreMatch;
   int32_t textPostMatch;

   // check that we are still in range
   if ( (start > text.length()) ||
        (start < 0) ||
        (patLoc < 0) ||
        (patLoc > fPattern.length())) {
       // out of range, don't advance location in text
       return start;
   }

   // get the suffix
   DecimalFormat* decfmt = dynamic_cast<DecimalFormat*>(fNumberFormat);
   if (decfmt != nullptr) {
       if (isNegative) {
           suf = decfmt->getNegativeSuffix(suf);
       }
       else {
           suf = decfmt->getPositiveSuffix(suf);
       }
   }

   // check for suffix
   if (suf.length() <= 0) {
       return start;
   }

   // check suffix will be encountered in the pattern
   patternMatch = compareSimpleAffix(suf,fPattern,patLoc);

   // check if a suffix will be encountered in the text
   textPreMatch = compareSimpleAffix(suf,text,start);

   // check if a suffix was encountered in the text
   textPostMatch = compareSimpleAffix(suf,text,start-suf.length());

   // check for suffix match
   if ((textPreMatch >= 0) && (patternMatch >= 0) && (textPreMatch == patternMatch)) {
       return start;
   }
   else if ((textPostMatch >= 0) && (patternMatch >= 0) && (textPostMatch == patternMatch)) {
       return  start - suf.length();
   }

   // should not get here
   return start;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

int32_t
SimpleDateFormat::compareSimpleAffix(const UnicodeString& affix,
                  const UnicodeString& input,
                  int32_t pos) const {
   int32_t start = pos;
   for (int32_t i=0; i<affix.length(); ) {
       UChar32 c = affix.char32At(i);
       int32_t len = U16_LENGTH(c);
       if (PatternProps::isWhiteSpace(c)) {
           // We may have a pattern like: \u200F \u0020
           //        and input text like: \u200F \u0020
           // Note that U+200F and U+0020 are Pattern_White_Space but only
           // U+0020 is UWhiteSpace.  So we have to first do a direct
           // match of the run of Pattern_White_Space in the pattern,
           // then match any extra characters.
           UBool literalMatch = false;
           while (pos < input.length() &&
                  input.char32At(pos) == c) {
               literalMatch = true;
               i += len;
               pos += len;
               if (i == affix.length()) {
                   break;
               }
               c = affix.char32At(i);
               len = U16_LENGTH(c);
               if (!PatternProps::isWhiteSpace(c)) {
                   break;
               }
           }

           // Advance over run in pattern
           i = skipPatternWhiteSpace(affix, i);

           // Advance over run in input text
           // Must see at least one white space char in input,
           // unless we've already matched some characters literally.
           int32_t s = pos;
           pos = skipUWhiteSpace(input, pos);
           if (pos == s && !literalMatch) {
               return -1;
           }

           // If we skip UWhiteSpace in the input text, we need to skip it in the pattern.
           // Otherwise, the previous lines may have skipped over text (such as U+00A0) that
           // is also in the affix.
           i = skipUWhiteSpace(affix, i);
       } else {
           if (pos < input.length() &&
               input.char32At(pos) == c) {
               i += len;
               pos += len;
           } else {
               return -1;
           }
       }
   }
   return pos - start;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

int32_t
SimpleDateFormat::skipPatternWhiteSpace(const UnicodeString& text, int32_t pos) const {
   const char16_t* s = text.getBuffer();
   return static_cast<int32_t>(PatternProps::skipWhiteSpace(s + pos, text.length() - pos) - s);
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

int32_t
SimpleDateFormat::skipUWhiteSpace(const UnicodeString& text, int32_t pos) const {
   while (pos < text.length()) {
       UChar32 c = text.char32At(pos);
       if (!u_isUWhiteSpace(c)) {
           break;
       }
       pos += U16_LENGTH(c);
   }
   return pos;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------

// Lazy TimeZoneFormat instantiation, semantically const.
TimeZoneFormat *
SimpleDateFormat::tzFormat(UErrorCode &status) const {
   Mutex m(&LOCK);
   if (fTimeZoneFormat == nullptr && U_SUCCESS(status)) {
       const_cast<SimpleDateFormat *>(this)->fTimeZoneFormat =
               TimeZoneFormat::createInstance(fLocale, status);
   }
   return fTimeZoneFormat;
}

void SimpleDateFormat::parsePattern() {
   fHasMinute = false;
   fHasSecond = false;
   fHasHanYearChar = false;

   int len = fPattern.length();
   UBool inQuote = false;
   for (int32_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
       char16_t ch = fPattern[i];
       if (ch == QUOTE) {
           inQuote = !inQuote;
       }
       if (ch == 0x5E74) { // don't care whether this is inside quotes
           fHasHanYearChar = true;
       }
       if (!inQuote) {
           if (ch == 0x6D) {  // 0x6D == 'm'
               fHasMinute = true;
           }
           if (ch == 0x73) {  // 0x73 == 's'
               fHasSecond = true;
           }
       }
   }
}

U_NAMESPACE_END

#endif /* #if !UCONFIG_NO_FORMATTING */

//eof